All about breast cancer , to prtoect your self

1. Case Study: Breast cancer (invasive ductal carcinoma)
By Rana Hammad mohammad.

2. Introduction
Is characterized by the development of abnormal cells that
divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and
destroy normal body tissue. Cancer often has the ability to
spread throughout the body.
Cancer is either benign or malignant
What is cancer ?

3. Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the
breast grow out of control. There are different
kinds of breast cancer. The kind of breast cancer
depends on which cells in the breast turn into
cancer.
Breast cancer:

4. Anatomy

6. Physiology
- Lactation(milk production)
- Breast feeding

7. Pathology
- congenital (athelia,amazia)
- trauma( hematoma of breast)
- inflammation (mastitis)
- breast cysts
- cancers

8. Invasive ductal carcinoma
- Invasive breast cancers constitute a heterogeneous group of lesions.
Although the most common types are ductal and lobular carcinomas

9. Risk factors
Factors that are associated with an
increased risk of breast cancer
include:
-Female
-Increasing of age
-A family history of breast cancer (inheritance)
-Radiation exposure (over exposer)
-Obesity
-Drinking alcohol

10. Signs & symptoms
- A breast lump or thickening that feels different from the surrounding tissue
- Change in the size, shape or appearance of a breast
- Changes to the skin over the breast, such as dimpling
- A newly inverted nipple
-feeling, scaling, crusting or flaking of the pigmented area of skin surrounding
the nipple (areola) or breast skin
-Redness or pitting of the skin over your breast, like the skin of an orange

11. Staging
Most cancer has four stages, these stages could be determined by many factors
including size and location.
Stage I: Cancer is localized to a small area and hasn’t spread to lymph nodes or
other tissues.
Stage II: Cancer has grown, but it hasn’t spread
Stage III: Cancer has grown larger and has possibly spread to lymph nodes or other
tissues.
Stage IV: Cancer has spread to other organs or areas of your body. This stage is also
referred to as metastatic or advanced cancer..

12. Case under study
- age: 67
- gender: female
- marital status: married
- residence :Saudi Arabia
- hospital : IMC ‘’international medical center’’

13. Investigations
- Digital Mammography
- Breast Ultrasound
- Breast MRI
- Breast Needle Biopsy (core)

14. Ultrasound
Ultrasound imaging uses sound waves to produce pictures
of the inside of the body. It helps diagnose the causes of
pain, swelling and infection in the body's internal organs
Ultrasound is used for many reasons, including to:
View the uterus and ovaries during pregnancy
-
-Diagnose gallbladder disease
-Evaluate blood flow
-Guide a needle for biopsy or tumor treatment
-Examine a breast lump

15. Right breast

16. Left sub areola

17. Right axilla

18. - The right breast demonstrated corresponding large heterogeneous
predominantly hypoechoic irregular anti parallel mass lesion with speculated
margins
reaching to the skin with internal vascularity measuring 5.5 x 3.5 cm.
- There is also dilated retroareolar duct with possible internal vascular content.
- The right axillary showing multiple pathologically enlarged lymph nodes with
thickened cortex and peripheral vascularity the largest lymph node has cortical
thickening of 0.6 cm
Ultrasound findings

19. Mammography is specialized medical
imaging that uses a low-dose
xray system to see inside the breasts. A
mammography exam, called a
mammogram, aids in the early detection
and diagnosis of breast diseases in
women.
There are basic views in mammogram :
-
CC craniocaudal
-MLO mediolateral oblique
Mammography

20. The BI-RADS It’s a scoring system radiologists use to
describe mammogram results.
BI-RADS:
Catogry0: indicates an incomplete test.
Catogry1: This score confirms that mammogram results are negative
Catogry2: There are no indications of cancer, may notice some benign cysts
Catogry3: mammogram results are probably normal, but there’s a 2 percent chance of cancer.
Catogry4: indicates a suspicious finding or abnormality. In this instance, there is a 20 to 35
percent chance of cancer
Catogry5: indicates a high suspicion of cancer.
Catogry6: You can only score a 6 after you’ve had a biopsy and received diagnosis of breast
cancer.

21. Mammogram shows mass in the right breast

22. Left breast showing calcifications

23. - Right breast highly suspicious findings, coded as
BIRADS V
- for tissue diagnosis by true cut biopsy from the breast
mass and the right axilla enlarged lymph nodes
- .Left breast benign findings coded as BIRADS I .
Mammography findings

24. Patient history
Patient is a female of 67 years old complained of right breast lump
she is well known as diabetic patient. And no family history of a
similar condition, patient taking anti diabetic medication

25. Treatment
-surgery (mastectomy)
- Chemotherapy
- Hormonal therapy

26. Conclusion
- patient was diagnosed with invasive ductal
carcinoma type ll
- best imaging modality was mammography even
though mammography doesn't show weather mass is
malignant or benign

27. thanks!!