hives definition, hives in common people graph, common cause, symptoms, treatment of hives, statistical data analysis, an example of hives.

1. Cosmetology presentation on Hives
Participants
 Yaseen Serajul Islam
 Mehedi hasan
 Md. Rubayet ferdous
 Fatema saif bristy
 Rafiul bashar rabby
 Anindita saha
 Jemin kabir purno
NORTH SOUTH UNIVERSITY

2. Introduction
Presented by Yaseen Serajul Islam

3. What actually is hives ?

4. Introduction to Hives
Hives are a red, raised, itchy skin
rash that is sometimes triggered by
an allergen.
An allergen is something that
produces an allergic reaction.
It is also known as urticaria, welts, weals, or nettle rash.

5. Hives in patients
Total Population Hives
Hives affect around 20 percent of people at some time in their life.
Study on Hives

6. Hives
 A central swelling, surrounded
by erythema.
 Itching or burning sensations
 The hives disappear usually
within 1-24 h.
Structure of hives on skin

7. Angioedema
• Pronounced swelling of the lower
dermis and sub cutis.
• Most often found in the lips, eyelids
or genitalia.
• Itching and sometimes pain.
• Resolution can take up to 72h.
• It is associated with urticaria in about
40% of cases.

8. DERMATOGRAPHISM
• Most common form of physical urticaria.
• Sharply localized edema or wheal
within seconds to minutes after the skin
has been rubbed.
• Affects 2-5% of the population.

9. COMMON CAUSES OF ACUTE URTICARIA
• Idiopathic
• Infection
-Upper respiratory, streptococcal infections, helminthes
• Food reactions
-Shellfish, nuts, fruit, etc.
• Drug reactions
• IV administration
-Blood products, contrast agents

10. SYMPTOMS OF URTICARIA (HIVES)
Severe Itching
Batches on face, arms, legs or shoulder
Burning sensation
Tightness in chest
Difficulty in breathing
Tongue or throat swelling

11. CONTINUE……
Some triggers of Chronic Hives:-
Latex
Blood Transfusion
Pollen
 Exposure to cold, heat or sun
Antibiotics
Nuts, eggs and peanuts
 Insect bites

12. CLASSIFICATION
The main types of urticaria-
A. Spontaneous urticaria
1. Acute spontaneous urticaria
2. Chronic spontaneous urticaria
B. Physical urticaria
1. Cold content urticaria
2. Delayed pressure urticaria
3. Heat contact urticaria
4. Solar urticaria
5. Dermographic urticaria.
C. Other types
1. Contact urticaria
2. Hypersensitivity

13. Acute Hives
▪ Hives lasting less than 6
weeks.
▪ Common in both children
and adults

14. Chronic Hives
The condition is considered
chronic hives if the welts
appear for more than six
weeks and recur frequently
over months or years.
Chronic hives has a peak prevalence in
the middle aged population. Specially
females.
With a Female to male ratio of 4:1

15. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Immunologic Urticaria: antigen binds to IgE on the mast
cell surface causing degranulation, which results in
release of histamine.
• Histamine binds to H1 and H2 receptors to cause
arteriolar dilatation, venous constriction and increased capillary
permeability.
The mast cell is the major effector cell in urticaria

17.  Non-Immunologic Urticaria: not dependent on the
binding of IgE receptors.
• For example, aspirin may induce histamine release
through a pharmacologic mechanism where its effect
on arachidonic acid metabolism causes a release of
histamine from mast cells.
• Physical stimuli may induce histamine release
through direct mast cell degranulation

19. • Brand name – Benadryl
• Generic name- Diphenhydramine
• Formulation-
• Each 5 mL contains 12.5 mg of Diphenhydramine
hydrochloride and alcohol 14% for oral administration.
• Inactive Ingredients: Citric acid, D&C Red No. 33, FD&C
Red No. 40, flavoring, purified water, sodium citrate, and
sucrose.

20. • Brand Name – calamine
• Formulation- (100ml)
• Calamine 15gm
• Zinc oxide and ferric oxide 5gm
• Glycerin 5mg
• Water

22. • Benadryl (diphenhydramine) is an
antihistamine;
• It works by blocking the effects of
the naturally occurring chemical
histamine in the body.
• Diphenhydramine is used to treat
sneezing, runny nose, itching,
watery eyes, hives etc
• Inhibits Ach by binding to H1
receptors and prevent cholinergic
simulation in the vestibular and
reticular areas

23. Calamine and zinc oxide works as anti-itching agents.
They have skin protecting and astringent properties that relieve
itching.
They also seem to slow down bacterial growth, preventing infections
from worsening.
Calamine works by its counter-irritant effect.

24. • shake the bottle well before use, as the ingredients separate
when the bottle is left standing.
• Dab the cream or lotion onto the affected area of skin using
cotton wool.
• Take care to avoid getting it in your eyes.
• You can re-apply calamine as often as needed.
• If your skin condition gets worse after using calamine, or if
you develop a rash, stop using calamine and speak to your
doctor or pharmacist.
How to use Calamine -

25. Statistical Data Analysis

26. Quality of life in Chronic urticaria: A survey at a public university
outpatient clinic, Botucatu (Brazil)
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of chronic urticaria on quality of life.
METHODS: Survey of the impact on quality of life caused by chronic urticaria,Patients were interviewed during
visits to a specialized outpatient clinic between May 2009 and May 2010 at a Brazilian public service (Botucatu-
SP). DLQI scores were analyzed according to the following subgroups: age, gender, education, disease duration,
and presence of angioedema.
RESULTS: We interviewed 100 patients with chronic urticaria. There was a female predominance (86%), mean age
41.8 years, mean disease duration of 6 years, and angioedema occurrence in 82% of patients. The mean DLQI
score was 13.5, characterized by serious impact on quality of life, higher than Hansen's disease, psoriasis, atopic
eczema, and basal cell carcinoma. The presence of angioedema was associated with higher scores: 14.5 x 9.9 (p <
0.01). Female patients reported greater impact on clothing, while male patients reported treatment interference
with work and study (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Chronic urticaria seriously compromises the quality of life of patients.

27. Vicki Lawrence
 She Lives with Urticaria for long 6 years.

28. Living With Chronic Hives: Sierra’s Story
 Sierra Ehrliech, dealing with chronic hives
 Women are twice as likely as men to develop
chronic idiopathic urticaria, and most cases
appear between the ages of 20 and 40.

30. References
 https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/guide/hives-urticaria-angioedema#1
 https://acaai.org/allergies/types-allergies/hives-urticaria
 https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/hives.html
 https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hives/
References used for making this presentation

31. Any Question ???
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