Selaginella: features, morphology ,anatomy and reproduction.
Mice as an experimental animal
1. Mice as an Experimental
Animal
Dr Manish Mohan
2nd year post graduate student
Department of pharmacology
SGMCRF
2. MOUSE (Mus musculus )
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class :
Mammalia
Order:
Rodentia
3. Why Mouse Matters?
Genome sequence published in 2002
Mouse and human genomes ---- 3.1 billion
base pairs
Protein-coding -----85 percent identical
4. History as a biological model
Sir William Harvey Joseph Priestley
5. Why it is researcher’s favorite ???
Genomic
similarity
Cost effective small animal short lifespan
6. Biological data
Typical adult weight 20-40 g
Average life span 1.5-2.5 yrs.
Gestation period 19-21 days
Average litter size 5-7
Estrous cycle 4-5 days
7. Physiological data
Heart rate – 330-780 beats /min
Resp rate – 84-230/min
Blood volume -6-7% of B.Wt
Daily food intake – 4-5 g
Daily water intake -4-5 ml
8. Age - Classification
Neonatal :0 - 21 days
Juvenile: 3 weeks - 2 months
Adult :3 months to 12 months
Middle aged: 9-12 months
Aged: 13 months to 24 months
16. Cont……
Screening of analgesic and anticonvulsant
Screening of chemotherapeutic agents
Studies related to genetics and cancer research
Antibody production
They are the most commonly used mammalian research model and are used for research in genetics, psychology, medicine and other scientific disciplines
17th Century when William Harvey used them for his studies on reproduction and blood circulation
18th century----- used mice to study respiration
cost effective because they are cheap and easy to look after.
The mouse is small, so convenient to house
scientists can easily measure the effects of ageing.
S m- 1.5-2 months
one mouse year equaling about 30 human years. Therefore, their entire life cycle can be studied within only two or three years.
inbred mice are referred as strains, whereas outbred mice are referred to as stocks
making them a useful model for cardiovascular research
The nude mouse is valuable to research because it can receive many different types of tissue and tumor grafts, as it mounts no rejection response.
foreign genes inserted into their genome
where a specific gene was made inoperable by a technique known as gene knockout
