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Surveillance System, CCTV, BMS
- 1. CCTV (Closed circuit Television) Closed-circuit television (CCTV) is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors. It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links.
- 2. Why Use CCTV • CCTV should not be perceived as a magic wand for preventing crime - it is just another crime prevention tool from a long list available to a business. There are many reasons why CCTV is the most cost effective security solution. In our experience we have found that most businesses suffer from the same few security problems. -. Industrial Safety Premises Monitoring Theft Shop Lifting Monitoring of high secured Zone Monitoring of Public Areas Worker Management Staff Collusion Staff Protection Car Park Security Deterrence Etc ……
- 3. Why Use CCTV • Statistics point to major reductions in the amount of crime being committed where there are cameras installed. An article in 'New Scientist' magazine showed that simply installing a system can reduce crime, in the areas covered, by over 95%. • Generally, once a Camera system is installed, it will only be fools who attempt to perpetrate offences within its field of view. These are often caught but for the majority it will provide a very high level of deterrence.A professionally installed camera systemcan reduce shoplifting by up to 90%. • Most people considering the installation of a CCTV system have the main objective of trying to prevent crime • A properly installed and managed CCTV system can dramatically reduce crime levels. Drops as high as 90% have been recorded where a highly visible CCTV system has been installed in certain locations, i.e. in shopping centers and car parks • In small to medium-sized businesses, CCTV cameras acts as a deterrent. However, the initial cost and complexity of good quality systems have been barriers for many businesses. The cost of equipment has fallen steadily over the years. Today, good quality systems can be much cheaper and still provide exceptional operational simplicity
- 4. Components of CCTV System • Analog System • Camera • DVR • Hard Disk for recording • Wiring – for Video - Coaxial or CAT 5(with video balun) • Wiring – for power (not required iv video balun is used) • Power Supply • Connector – BNC or RJ45 (in case of video balun)
- 5. Components of CCTV System • IP System • Camera • NVR with video analytics • Hard Disk raid enable. • Wiring – for Video – CAT 5/CAT 5E / CAT6 • Wiring – for power • Power Supply not required if POE switch used • Switch / POE switch in case of POE used • Connector – RJ45
- 8. Outdoor Indoor Enclosure + Indoor Camera Weather proof Vandal proof Heater Vandal proof
- 11. Video showing effect of WDR
- 12. Type of camera and their Use • Dome Camera Dome cameras typically are best choices whenever possible • When the camera is within someone’s reach domes cannot be easily manipulated or vandalized • Domes Installs easy in drop ceilings – usually 2 screws • Since a dome has a covered lens the direction the camera is pointing is hidden • Dome can accommodate infra-red for night vision • Dome are not always weather proof camera so these are not suited for outside peripherals. • As the dome camera themselves are typically small the lens size are limited, Although some dome camera comes with vari-focal lens but the size are limited
- 13. Type of camera and their Use • Box Camera Box camera are to be considered when • When mounting to a wall or any vertical area • When viewing distance where a long lens is required which would not fit inside a dome or bullet camera • When extreme low light (moon light, or a very far street light) are not a consideration • Box camera comes with WDR and Day Night technology • Can incorporate various lens like Auto IRIS, Manual IRIS and Fixed IRIS etc. • Requires a housing for weather proofing and vandal proofing • When considering this camera accessories like lens, housing, stand etc are to be considered
- 14. Type of camera and their Use • Infra Red or IR Bullet Camera IR Bullet camera are to be considered when • When the lights are extremely low or pitch dark • When the camera are not within someone reach • The distance infra red can see are based upon its illumination capacity. Infra red camera have LED which cast out into darkness. • The biggest disadvantage of Infra red led do have a limited life and led burns out in some time. • When ever a infra red led is illuminated it turns the picture to black and white hence reducing the ability of recognition. • These came have an advantage of in build IP 66 rated housing and comes with stand.
- 16. Type of camera and their Use • Pan Tilt & Zoom or PTZ camera PTZ camera are to be considered when • Best suited for patrol duty and open area application – Like border, Airport, Parking lot etc. • When we want live control of the camera and adjusting the manual pan, tilt or zoom on a fixed camera is not practical • When a tour of the premises is required. • When several angle is required to be viewed from a single camera • The cost of a PTZ camera can varies 5-10 times of a fixed camera • PTZ camera cannot see or record area where it is not looking.
- 21. Lens Comparison
- 23. Fixed Lens ü Fixed lens are those lenses Where lens size doesn’t change, all we can do is focus, we cant zoom in or zoom out ü Common sizes are ü 12mm ü 08mm ü 06mm ü 04mm ü 3.6mm ü 2.8mm
- 24. Varifocal Lens ü In Varifocal lens size can be changed during the installation process & Zoom in and Zoom out is possible ü Common Sizes available are Ø 2.5mm~8mm Ø 3.0mm~12mm Ø 5.0mm~50mm Focal length can be adjusted by 3 methods: * Manual (No Cable) To be used only indoors and where the lighting condition is always the same * Auto Iris (With a Cable) Adjusts automatically to allow more or less light to be received by the CCD Chip in the Camera Motor Zoom (With cable and & telemetry receiver is needed) To be found mostly with Pant and Tilt systems, The zoom & Focus can be manually controlled
- 25. How Camera Works
- 30. IP and Analog Pros and Cons IP Camera Analog Camera Video Quality Better as Megapixel TVL lines / Interlace Play Back zoom Megapixel no issue will pixilate Cable Infrastructure Can Use existing networking cable Legacy cabling Cable Distance Need switch if distance more than 80 meter 80 meter of standard coaxial for longer OFC is recommended 150 meter on RG 6 till 3000 meter using video balun Video Transmission Requires a good amount of bandwidth No network issue Fault tolerance in case of network failure the whole system can go down Limited to failure of individual component Security Data Encrypted at camera so threat minimum Data Encryption done at DVR so less secure system Maintenance Required Skilled IT Staff Any body can Manage No of camera Less compared to Analog as more compared to IP Megapixel camera have more FOV See video Wireless Very easily compatible but bandwidth is a issue Have to use convertor Installation Required some skilled manpower Little to do network so anybody can do Compatibility Compatibility of camera and NVR will require some research Any camera is compatible with DVR Scalability Very easy only plug and play will require May require additional hardware Cost about 5 times Analog about 1/5 cost of IP
- 35. Wiring Types