2. Crusades
The Causes
Who called for the Crusades?
• 1095 Pope Urban II asks Europe’s
lords to launch a crusade, or holy
war, against the Muslim Turks
• Why? 2 Reasons:
Why did Christians start the
Crusades?
1. Christian pilgrims to the holy
land were being attacked. Putting
holy land in Christian control
would help defend Christians.
2. Prevent Muslim Turks from
conquering the Byzantine Empire
3. Crusades
The Fight
How long did the Crusades last?
• The Crusades lasted over a period
of nearly 200 years, and took
place in many locations.
• The First Crusade was a huge
success for the Christians.
What was the result of the First
Crusade?
• They setup 4 Christian kingdoms
from captured lands and
Jerusalem was the biggest prize of
them all.
4. Crusades
The Fight
What was the Muslim response
to the Crusades?
What did King Richard
accomplish during the Third
Crusade?
• After the first Crusade the Muslim
communities surrounding the 4
Christian kingdoms wanted revenge.
• Several more crusades took place,
and overtime the Muslims would
recapture all the Christian kingdoms,
including Jerusalem.
• The Third Crusade saw King Richard
fail at recapturing Jerusalem for the
Christians, but he did strike a deal
with Saladin (leader of the Muslims)
who agreed to allow Christians to
travel to the Holy Land safely.
5.
6. Crusades
The Effects
• The Effects of the Crusades:
1. Failed to accomplish goals longterm
2. Weakened feudalism
What were the four main
effects of the Crusades?
3. Decreased the influence of the
Catholic Church; weakened the
power of the Pope.
4. Increased trade
7. Crusades
First Effect
The Crusades largely failed.
How could one say the
Crusades partly succeeded?
• The Crusades mostly failed to
accomplish its goals.
• The Crusades and Reconquista in
Spain (the recapturing of Spain for
Christian control) were successful
in stopping the spread of Islam
into Europe, at least for a while.
8. Crusades
Second Effect
How did the Crusades lead to
the weakening of feudalism?
• Nobles spent much of their money
on the crusades, and many lords
never returned from the wars.
• This allowed kings to gain more
power, which would weaken
feudalism and lead to more
centralization.
9. Crusades
Third Effect
• The Crusades were called for by
the Pope. He claimed the
Crusades were holy and any who
What kind of claims did the
Pope make about the Crusades?
fought would go straight to
heaven.
Why did people begin to
question the power of the
Catholic Church?
• If this were true then why did it
fail? The failure of the Crusades
led some to question the political
authority and power of the
Church.
10. Crusades
Fouth Effect
What did Christians discover as
a result of the Crusades?
• The Christians discovered new ideas,
technologies and luxury in the Holy
Land.
• Many wanted to bring these things
home with them, and a new desire
for trade grew in Europe.
What was the effect of
increased trade outside of
Europe?
• This increased trade led to the
growth of cities in Italy which
developed a trade-based economy
(instead of a manor).
11. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Who called for the Crusades?
Why did Christians start the Crusades?
How long did the Crusades last?
What was the result of the First Crusade?
What was the Muslim response to the Crusades?
The Crusades largely failed. How could one say the Crusades partly
succeeded?
7. How did the Crusades lead to the weakening of feudalism?
8. What kind of claims did the Pope make about the Crusades?
9. Why did people begin to question the power of the Catholic Church?
10. What was the effect of increased trade outside of Europe?
12. Write about your Crusade!
1. Select a partner
2. Make a choice! Knight or Serf
3. You will be writing a letter to each other about
your journey and the result of your Crusade.
4. Include details from your notes and your
textbook (pages 528-531)
5. At the end of your letter you must say;
Knight: you have captured Jerusalem!
Serf: you are mortally wounded and the
Muslims have killed all the peasants.
