Reported speech definitive

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2
Why do we use it ?
1. To tell people what other people have said.
2. To repeat information that somebody didn’t
hear or didn’t quite understand.

3
HowHow do we use it ?
When we report something which is alwaysalways
truetrue or what someone is saying or thinking
nownow, we use indirect speech after “says”,
“thinks”, “hopes”, etc., without changingwithout changing
the verb tense.the verb tense.

He says he
loves rock
music
4
“I love rock
music!”

They have said
they are flying
to Ibiza
5
“We are flying to Ibiza”

6
Grandpa - How are you, Tim?
Tim - I am fine.
Grandpa - What did you say?
Tim - I said I am fine.
Grandpa - What did he say, dear?
Grandma - He said he is fine.
In this situation, we’re not really talking
about the past, so there is no need to
change the verb tense.

7
When we want to report what someone said to us
in the past, then we need to introduce some
changes involving…
Verb tenses
Pronouns
Time expressions
Demonstratives
Adverbs of place

Changes in verb tenses
8
 Statements are usually reported with a past
tense verb (said, told,…)
 The form of the verb that follows
“moves back ” in time.

9
Direct speech Indirect speech
Present Simple
Present Continuous
Present Perfect
Past Simple
be going to
will
can
Past Simple
Past Continuous
Past Perfect
Past perfect or Past
Simple
Was / were going to
would
could

Other changes…
10
Personal pronouns
I I / He / she
we they
me Me / him / her
us them
you him / her / us / them

Other changes…
11
Time expressions
now
today / tonight
yesterday
tomorrow
last year
then
that day / that night
the day before
the following day
the year before

Other changes…
12
Demonstratives and
adverbs of place
this
here
that
there

He said (that)
he would see
her the
following month
13
I’ll see you
next month
He said…

He said (that)
he had lost his
keys
14
I’ve lost my
keys!
He said…

and turn to page
148
15

Complete the sentences using reported
speech
1. “I can’t remember which exit it is”.
She said (that) she couldn’t remember
which exit it was.
16

speech
2. “I can’t find my mobile”. He said…
He said (that) he couldn’t find his mobile.
17

speech
3. “We probably won’t get the message”.
They said…
They said (that) they probably wouldn’t get
the message.
18

speech
4. “I’ve finished my exams!” She said…
She said (that) she’d finished her exams.
19

speech
5. “The film will be on tomorrow.” They told
us…
They told us (that) the film would be on the
next day / the following day.
20

speech
6. “I can’t stay here very long.” He told
me…
He told me (that) he couldn’t stay there very
long.
21

speech
7. “I must leave at 6.30.” She said…
She said (that) she had to leave at 6.30.
22

speech
8. “We’ve never forgotten our visit.” They
told me…
They told me (that) they’d never forgotten
their visit.
23

speech
9. “I saw a man hiding in the bushes.” He
said…
He said (that) he saw / had seen a man
hiding in the bushes
24

speech
10.“I don’t really want to see him.” she told
me…
She told me (that) she didn’t really want to
see him.
25

26

Reporting questions
27
 We can report questions with verbs like askask,, wonderwonder, and
want to knowwant to know.
 In WH-questions we keep the interrogative pronoun.
 The order of the subject and the verbsubject and the verb is like in
affirmative sentences.affirmative sentences.
 We report “Yes/No questionsYes/No questions” using if / whether.if / whether.

They wanted
to know
where the zoo
was
28
Where is
the zoo?
They asked…

She asked if /
whether the
London train
stopped there.
29
He asked…
Does the
London train
stop here?

Complete sentences
number 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9
on exercise B (page
148)
30

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Where do you live?”
• He asked me…
He asked me where I lived.
Reporting questions
31

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “How many children do
you have?”
• She asked him…
She asked him how many
children he had.
Reporting questions
32

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Could you take a photo
of us?”
• They asked the
woman…
They asked the woman if /
whether she could take a
photo of them.
Reporting questions
33

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Will you be able to visit
us?”
• They asked us…
They asked us if / whether
we would be able to visit
them.
Reporting questions
34

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Did you arrive on time?”
• He asked her…
He asked her if / whether
she had arrived on time.
Reporting questions
35

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Can you help me with
the cooking?”
• She asked me…
She asked me if / whether
I could help her with the
cooking.
Reporting questions
36

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “How long have you
been waiting?”
• He asked them…
He asked them how long
they had been waiting.
Reporting questions
37

Complete the
sentences using
reported speech
• “Can you confirm your
date of birth?”
• He asked her…
He asked her if / whether
she could confirm her
date of birth.
Reporting questions
38

39

Reporting commands and requests
40
 Commands are reported with tell +tell + toto infinitiveinfinitive
 Requests are reported with ask +ask + toto infinitiveinfinitive
Notice that the negative form of an infinitive is “not to + infinitive”

He told me to
wait.
41
He…
WAIT !!

My computer
asked me to wait
42
My computer …

The authorities
recommend
not to use your
mobile phone
while driving
43
The authorities
recommend…

We’re almost done!
Now let’s complete sentences 4, 6, 10
from the last activity.
44

• “Please fill in the application form.”
• He told me…
He told me to fill in the application form.
45

• “Make sure you buy enough food.”
• She told us…
She told us to make sure we bought enough
food.
46

• “Don’t forget to bring your laptops.”
• They told us…
They told us not to forget to bring our
laptops.
47

Other reporting verbs
We often use other verbs that give a
clearer idea of why someone said
something (e.g. to apologize, to advise,…)
These verbs can follow different patternsdifferent patterns…

Verb + to + infinitive
agree decide offer promise refuse threaten
49

50
“OK, I’ll give you a lift”, said Jenny
Jenny agreed to give her a lift

51

He threatened to kill us

52
He offered to help
“Shall I help you?”, he said

Verb + person + to + infinitive
ask invite advise encourage remind
warn tell convince persuade beg
53

54
“If I were you, I wouldn’t
have any more piercings”,
she said
She advised him not to
have any more piercings

55
“Be careful and don’t drink too
much at the party”, my mum
told me
She warned me not to
drink too much

56
“Come on! You can play the
piano!”, his parents have
always told him.
His parents have always
encouraged him to playencouraged him to play the
piano

Verb + (preposition) + gerund
deny suggest recommend regret accuse
admit apologize for insist
on
thank
someone
for
57

58
“I’m so sorry! I didn’t mean to smash your
computer”, he said
He apologized for smashing my computer
admit apologize for insist on thank s/o for

59
“I just want to know the thruth!
Tell me the truth!”, he said
He insisted on knowinginsisted on knowing
the truth

60
“I wasn’t even there ! I didn’t take it !”, he replied
He denied taking it

Let’s
check!
61

“I’m terribly
sorry. I’ve
broken the
vase”
She
apologized
for breaking
the vase
62

“I’ll pay for
the drinks”
Harry
offered to
pay for the
drinks
63

“Sally, I think
you should get
a new job”
Sarah
advised Sally
to get a new
job
64

“Peter, don’t
forget to take
the dog to the
vet”
She reminded
Peter to take
the dog to
the vet.
65

“It wasn’t
me. I didn’t
shoot him”
He denied
shooting him.
66

“Please, could
you open the
window,
Helen?”
She asked
Helen to open
the window.
67

“Shall we
get a taxi?”
She
suggested
getting a
taxi.
68

“I stole the
money”.
She admitted
stealing the
money.
69

Reported speech definitive

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Reported speech definitive