SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 18
Download to read offline
1
The Company Car’s time and place:
Establishing the spatio-temporal
patterns of a unique form of car
ownership
Scott Le Vine (slevine@imperial.ac.uk)
Peter Jones
John Polak
RGS-IBG Conference
August 2013
2
Relevance
• Car as compensation
taxed at a lower rate
than salary – accident
of history with
substantial inertia
• Transport policy
‘success story’
• Under-appreciated
contributor to broader
trends
3
Motivating questions
• Company car use is
reducing – is it shifting
to personal car use?
• Does another family
member having a
company car mean
you drive less?
• How, when and where
are company cars
used?
-4,000
-3,500
-3,000
-2,500
-2,000
-1,500
-1,000
-500
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
-3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
Changeinaverageannualcompanycardrivingmileage(from1995/7)
Change in average annual personal car driving mileage (from 1995/7)
Men aged 30 to 59, in full-time employment
Average for all SEG classes
Employer/manager
Professional
Non-manual
Personal service
Manual
Self-employed non-professional
Other
2000/2
2005/7
2008/10
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Averageannualcompanycardrivingmileage
Age (5-year-of-age moving average)
Men, 1995/7
Men, 2000/2
Men, 2005/7
Men, 2008/10
Women, 1995/7
Women, 2000/2
Women, 2005/7
Women, 2008/10
4
A middle-aged, male phenomenon
-
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Averageannualcompanycardrivingmileage
Age (5-year-of-age moving average)
Men, 1995/7
Men, 2000/2
Men, 2005/7
Men, 2008/10
Women, 1995/7
Women, 2000/2
Women, 2005/7
Women, 2008/10
5
Limited evidence of substitution
-4,000
-3,500
-3,000
-2,500
-2,000
-1,500
-1,000
-500
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
-3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
Changeinaverageannualcompanycardrivingmileage(from1995/7)
Change in average annual personal car driving mileage (from 1995/7)
Men aged 30 to 59, in full-time employment
Average for all SEG classes
Employer/manager
Professional
Non-manual
Personal service
Manual
Self-employed non-professional
Other
2000/2
2005/7
2008/10
6
Further investigation of substitution
• Multivariate regression
(with controls for
confounding effects)
of driving mileage
by British adults (‘95-
’10)
• n=201K; r2 = 0.36
• Individual-year
dummy variables to
capture exogenous
shifts
-250
0
250
500
750
1,000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Milesperyear
Year-specific errorterms
-2,500
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
Keeps a company car Keeps a company car &
receives free fuel
Does not keep a
company car, but
another household
member does
Does not keep a
company car and
receive free fuel, but
another household
member does
Milesperyear
Effectsof interest
7
Further investigation of substitution (2)
-2,500
0
2,500
5,000
7,500
10,000
12,500
Keeps a company car Keeps a company car &
receives free fuel
Does not keep a
company car, but
another household
member does
Does not keep a
company car and
receive free fuel, but
another household
member does
Milesperyear
Effectsof interest
8
Changing profile of CC drivers
Average
income of
company car
drivers
1995/7 £41.5K
2000/2 £42.7K
2005/7 £39.7K
2008/10 £37.5K
(2010 prices, RPI-adjusted)
9
When are company cars used?
Distribution of journeys by journey start time
10
How are company cars used? (1)
11
How are company cars used? (2)
Company
car
Personal
car
All other
purposes
10 miles 7 miles
Business 35 miles 16 miles
Commuting 17 miles 9 miles
Average journey length
12
How are company cars used? (3)
13
Where are company cars?
• More prevalent in
Greater South East
than rest of GB in
1990s; less so
today
• We analysed
personal car and
company car
movements using 5
concentric
geographies
A: Central London
(within Inner Ring Road)
B: Rest of Inner London
C: Outer London
D: Greater South East
(SE and Eastern GORs)
E. Rest of GB
A B CDE
14
Where are company cars kept?
15
Where are company cars used?
• More likely than
personal cars to
travel radially
• Company cars are
9% of car-trips
in/out of Central
London;
8% of all radial trips;
4% of others
16
Where are company cars used? (2)
17
Where are company cars used? (3)
• Half (48%) of London
personal car trips are
O.L. to/from O.L.
• 35% of company car
trips are O.L.-O.L.
• But a greater
proportion of company
car travel is between
O.L. and Home
Counties
18
Summary
• Some evidence that company car mileage is
‘excess’ – i.e. not a perfect substitute for
personal car mileage
• No evidence of a company car driver’s presence
in HH suppressing other HH members’ driving
mileage
− But we looked at people, not vehicles
• Company car trips are disproportionately radial,
in peak periods, in peak direction

More Related Content

Viewers also liked

2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual
2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual
2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manualahmed rizk
 
Inf completa 2500
Inf completa 2500Inf completa 2500
Inf completa 25001 2d
 
herbalife ppt
herbalife pptherbalife ppt
herbalife pptaabhiram
 
04 Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий
04   Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий04   Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий
04 Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданийЧехова Лиана
 
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей России
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей РоссииMAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей России
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей РоссииMAYKOR
 
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR LOAN BY BANK
EXPERT SYSTEM  FOR LOAN BY BANKEXPERT SYSTEM  FOR LOAN BY BANK
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR LOAN BY BANKalraee
 
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazan
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazanSmile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazan
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazanekbpromo
 

Viewers also liked (12)

2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual
2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual
2500 tb074Health, Safety and Environmental Manual
 
2500 Paranirvana del Buda
2500 Paranirvana del Buda2500 Paranirvana del Buda
2500 Paranirvana del Buda
 
Inf completa 2500
Inf completa 2500Inf completa 2500
Inf completa 2500
 
herbalife ppt
herbalife pptherbalife ppt
herbalife ppt
 
Hr policies
Hr policiesHr policies
Hr policies
 
04 Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий
04   Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий04   Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий
04 Компания Melston - Обслуживание торгово-офисных зданий
 
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей России
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей РоссииMAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей России
MAYKOR: обслуживание банков по всей России
 
Stuttgart
StuttgartStuttgart
Stuttgart
 
Fate zero
Fate zeroFate zero
Fate zero
 
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR LOAN BY BANK
EXPERT SYSTEM  FOR LOAN BY BANKEXPERT SYSTEM  FOR LOAN BY BANK
EXPERT SYSTEM FOR LOAN BY BANK
 
2015 RAM 2500 3500 Details. El Paso - Albuquerque Dealers Jack Key New Mexico...
2015 RAM 2500 3500 Details. El Paso - Albuquerque Dealers Jack Key New Mexico...2015 RAM 2500 3500 Details. El Paso - Albuquerque Dealers Jack Key New Mexico...
2015 RAM 2500 3500 Details. El Paso - Albuquerque Dealers Jack Key New Mexico...
 
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazan
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazanSmile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazan
Smile logistix ovsyannikov ekbpromo_kazan
 

Similar to S le vine - the time and place of the company car (rgs aug 2013) (2)

Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...
Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...
Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...Guy Lansley
 
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2Sumukh Rao
 
Geely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationGeely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationhaithamo
 
Geely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationGeely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationhaithamo
 
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)Soumyarka De
 
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market Frost &a...
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market   Frost &a...2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market   Frost &a...
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market Frost &a...Alvin Chua
 
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010William Blaze
 
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conference
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conferenceLkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conference
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conferencecorporationlkq
 
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conference
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock ConferenceWilliam Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conference
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conferencecorporationlkq
 
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summary
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summaryIan allen motor industry management and turnaround summary
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summaryIan Allen
 
Bluebook of Maruti Suzuki
Bluebook of Maruti SuzukiBluebook of Maruti Suzuki
Bluebook of Maruti SuzukiAakash Gupta
 
Reducing Carbon Footprints
Reducing Carbon FootprintsReducing Carbon Footprints
Reducing Carbon FootprintsMave Goh
 
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManus
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManusTesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManus
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManusPierce McManus
 
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019CIE2019
 
Marketing presentation re Nissan Leaf
Marketing presentation re Nissan LeafMarketing presentation re Nissan Leaf
Marketing presentation re Nissan LeafOmar O'Sullivan
 

Similar to S le vine - the time and place of the company car (rgs aug 2013) (2) (20)

Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...
Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...
Exploring the geography of the registered addresses of car models through a b...
 
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2
Apna Bike - Unsuccessful Business Idea - 2
 
Cars on the Go - Project
Cars on the Go - ProjectCars on the Go - Project
Cars on the Go - Project
 
Fleet Hero Awards 2014 Brochure
Fleet Hero Awards 2014 BrochureFleet Hero Awards 2014 Brochure
Fleet Hero Awards 2014 Brochure
 
Tesla
TeslaTesla
Tesla
 
Geely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationGeely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentation
 
Geely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentationGeely introduction presentation
Geely introduction presentation
 
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)
TVS JUPITER (SECTOR, COMPANY & PRODUCT ANALYSIS)
 
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market Frost &a...
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market   Frost &a...2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market   Frost &a...
2009 03 Eco Car Policy In Thailand Impact On The Global Car Market Frost &a...
 
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010
TSLA Buy Recommendation October 2010
 
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conference
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conferenceLkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conference
Lkq corporation bairds 2017 global consumer technology and services conference
 
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conference
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock ConferenceWilliam Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conference
William Blair 2017 Growth Stock Conference
 
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summary
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summaryIan allen motor industry management and turnaround summary
Ian allen motor industry management and turnaround summary
 
Bluebook of Maruti Suzuki
Bluebook of Maruti SuzukiBluebook of Maruti Suzuki
Bluebook of Maruti Suzuki
 
Reducing Carbon Footprints
Reducing Carbon FootprintsReducing Carbon Footprints
Reducing Carbon Footprints
 
Toyota Prius EV: Marketing Management
Toyota Prius EV: Marketing ManagementToyota Prius EV: Marketing Management
Toyota Prius EV: Marketing Management
 
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManus
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManusTesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManus
Tesla PPT, Sec focused accounting, Pierce McManus
 
Ampl company profile
Ampl company profileAmpl company profile
Ampl company profile
 
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019
Kevin Mayne presentation_Cargo Bike Expert Group_15.10.2019
 
Marketing presentation re Nissan Leaf
Marketing presentation re Nissan LeafMarketing presentation re Nissan Leaf
Marketing presentation re Nissan Leaf
 

Recently uploaded

Power point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance managementPower point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance managementVaishnaviGunji
 
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan CytotecJual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan CytotecZurliaSoop
 
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxPutting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxCynthia Clay
 
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdf
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdfBeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdf
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdfDerekIwanaka1
 
Lucknow Housewife Escorts by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165
Lucknow Housewife Escorts  by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165Lucknow Housewife Escorts  by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165
Lucknow Housewife Escorts by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165meghakumariji156
 
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Oman
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in OmanMifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Oman
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Omaninstagramfab782445
 
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdfArti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdfwill854175
 
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All TimeCall 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Timegargpaaro
 
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 UpdatedCannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 UpdatedCannaBusinessPlans
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investorsFalcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investorsFalcon Invoice Discounting
 
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024Marel
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business Growth
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business GrowthFalcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business Growth
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business GrowthFalcon investment
 
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptxPre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptxRoofing Contractor
 
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 MonthsSEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 MonthsIndeedSEO
 
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizhar
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al MizharAl Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizhar
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizharallensay1
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business PotentialFalcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business PotentialFalcon investment
 
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGParadip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGpr788182
 
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...ssuserf63bd7
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Power point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance managementPower point presentation on enterprise performance management
Power point presentation on enterprise performance management
 
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan CytotecJual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
Jual Obat Aborsi ( Asli No.1 ) 085657271886 Obat Penggugur Kandungan Cytotec
 
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptxPutting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
Putting the SPARK into Virtual Training.pptx
 
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdf
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdfBeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdf
BeMetals Investor Presentation_May 3, 2024.pdf
 
Lucknow Housewife Escorts by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165
Lucknow Housewife Escorts  by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165Lucknow Housewife Escorts  by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165
Lucknow Housewife Escorts by Sexy Bhabhi Service 8250092165
 
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pillsMifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
Mifty kit IN Salmiya (+918133066128) Abortion pills IN Salmiyah Cytotec pills
 
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Oman
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in OmanMifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Oman
Mifepristone Available in Muscat +918761049707^^ €€ Buy Abortion Pills in Oman
 
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdfArti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
Arti Languages Pre Seed Teaser Deck 2024.pdf
 
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All TimeCall 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
Call 7737669865 Vadodara Call Girls Service at your Door Step Available All Time
 
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 UpdatedCannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
Cannabis Legalization World Map: 2024 Updated
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investorsFalcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
Falcon Invoice Discounting: The best investment platform in india for investors
 
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
Marel Q1 2024 Investor Presentation from May 8, 2024
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business Growth
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business GrowthFalcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business Growth
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Empowering Your Business Growth
 
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptxPre Engineered  Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
Pre Engineered Building Manufacturers Hyderabad.pptx
 
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 MonthsSEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60%  in 6 Months
SEO Case Study: How I Increased SEO Traffic & Ranking by 50-60% in 6 Months
 
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizhar
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al MizharAl Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizhar
Al Mizhar Dubai Escorts +971561403006 Escorts Service In Al Mizhar
 
!~+971581248768>> SAFE AND ORIGINAL ABORTION PILLS FOR SALE IN DUBAI AND ABUD...
!~+971581248768>> SAFE AND ORIGINAL ABORTION PILLS FOR SALE IN DUBAI AND ABUD...!~+971581248768>> SAFE AND ORIGINAL ABORTION PILLS FOR SALE IN DUBAI AND ABUD...
!~+971581248768>> SAFE AND ORIGINAL ABORTION PILLS FOR SALE IN DUBAI AND ABUD...
 
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business PotentialFalcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
Falcon Invoice Discounting: Unlock Your Business Potential
 
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDINGParadip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
Paradip CALL GIRL❤7091819311❤CALL GIRLS IN ESCORT SERVICE WE ARE PROVIDING
 
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...
Horngren’s Cost Accounting A Managerial Emphasis, Canadian 9th edition soluti...
 

S le vine - the time and place of the company car (rgs aug 2013) (2)

  • 1. 1 The Company Car’s time and place: Establishing the spatio-temporal patterns of a unique form of car ownership Scott Le Vine (slevine@imperial.ac.uk) Peter Jones John Polak RGS-IBG Conference August 2013
  • 2. 2 Relevance • Car as compensation taxed at a lower rate than salary – accident of history with substantial inertia • Transport policy ‘success story’ • Under-appreciated contributor to broader trends
  • 3. 3 Motivating questions • Company car use is reducing – is it shifting to personal car use? • Does another family member having a company car mean you drive less? • How, when and where are company cars used? -4,000 -3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 -3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 Changeinaverageannualcompanycardrivingmileage(from1995/7) Change in average annual personal car driving mileage (from 1995/7) Men aged 30 to 59, in full-time employment Average for all SEG classes Employer/manager Professional Non-manual Personal service Manual Self-employed non-professional Other 2000/2 2005/7 2008/10 - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 Averageannualcompanycardrivingmileage Age (5-year-of-age moving average) Men, 1995/7 Men, 2000/2 Men, 2005/7 Men, 2008/10 Women, 1995/7 Women, 2000/2 Women, 2005/7 Women, 2008/10
  • 4. 4 A middle-aged, male phenomenon - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 Averageannualcompanycardrivingmileage Age (5-year-of-age moving average) Men, 1995/7 Men, 2000/2 Men, 2005/7 Men, 2008/10 Women, 1995/7 Women, 2000/2 Women, 2005/7 Women, 2008/10
  • 5. 5 Limited evidence of substitution -4,000 -3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 -3,500 -3,000 -2,500 -2,000 -1,500 -1,000 -500 0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 Changeinaverageannualcompanycardrivingmileage(from1995/7) Change in average annual personal car driving mileage (from 1995/7) Men aged 30 to 59, in full-time employment Average for all SEG classes Employer/manager Professional Non-manual Personal service Manual Self-employed non-professional Other 2000/2 2005/7 2008/10
  • 6. 6 Further investigation of substitution • Multivariate regression (with controls for confounding effects) of driving mileage by British adults (‘95- ’10) • n=201K; r2 = 0.36 • Individual-year dummy variables to capture exogenous shifts -250 0 250 500 750 1,000 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Milesperyear Year-specific errorterms -2,500 0 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 Keeps a company car Keeps a company car & receives free fuel Does not keep a company car, but another household member does Does not keep a company car and receive free fuel, but another household member does Milesperyear Effectsof interest
  • 7. 7 Further investigation of substitution (2) -2,500 0 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 Keeps a company car Keeps a company car & receives free fuel Does not keep a company car, but another household member does Does not keep a company car and receive free fuel, but another household member does Milesperyear Effectsof interest
  • 8. 8 Changing profile of CC drivers Average income of company car drivers 1995/7 £41.5K 2000/2 £42.7K 2005/7 £39.7K 2008/10 £37.5K (2010 prices, RPI-adjusted)
  • 9. 9 When are company cars used? Distribution of journeys by journey start time
  • 10. 10 How are company cars used? (1)
  • 11. 11 How are company cars used? (2) Company car Personal car All other purposes 10 miles 7 miles Business 35 miles 16 miles Commuting 17 miles 9 miles Average journey length
  • 12. 12 How are company cars used? (3)
  • 13. 13 Where are company cars? • More prevalent in Greater South East than rest of GB in 1990s; less so today • We analysed personal car and company car movements using 5 concentric geographies A: Central London (within Inner Ring Road) B: Rest of Inner London C: Outer London D: Greater South East (SE and Eastern GORs) E. Rest of GB A B CDE
  • 14. 14 Where are company cars kept?
  • 15. 15 Where are company cars used? • More likely than personal cars to travel radially • Company cars are 9% of car-trips in/out of Central London; 8% of all radial trips; 4% of others
  • 16. 16 Where are company cars used? (2)
  • 17. 17 Where are company cars used? (3) • Half (48%) of London personal car trips are O.L. to/from O.L. • 35% of company car trips are O.L.-O.L. • But a greater proportion of company car travel is between O.L. and Home Counties
  • 18. 18 Summary • Some evidence that company car mileage is ‘excess’ – i.e. not a perfect substitute for personal car mileage • No evidence of a company car driver’s presence in HH suppressing other HH members’ driving mileage − But we looked at people, not vehicles • Company car trips are disproportionately radial, in peak periods, in peak direction