The document provides a basic introduction to parts of speech in language including nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. It explains each part of speech concisely and gives examples to illustrate common types within each category. The overall purpose is to give students a foundational understanding of grammar terminology and concepts.

1. Presented By
Lilli Prienka V
Submitted To:
Arul Thirumurugan S

2. This presentation provides a very basic
introduction to the concept of parts of
speech in language. Actually, the study
of parts of speech can be quite
complicated and involved, but the
purpose of this presentation is to give
the students a working vocabulary and
a way to improve their grasp of
grammar.

3.  A set of rules and principles to speak and write
a language in a correct manner.
 The word Grammar derives from greek word
(grammatike) which means “Art of Letters”
 Grammar is also called the backbone of
language

4. Why to use Grammar ?
• To make conversation positive and
impressive.
How to use Grammar ?
• By making correct use of tenses and
speeches of English.

5. 8 Parts of Speech

6. Noun
a word that names
A Person
A Place
A Thing
(The word thing includes all objects that we see, hear, taste,
touch or smell and something that we think of, but cannot
perceive by the senses. e.g., sadness, wisdom,...)

7. *Common Noun
*Proper Noun
*Collective Noun
*Abstract Noun
*Countable & Uncountable Nouns
Types of noun

8. Common Noun:
Is a name given in common to
every person or thing of the
same class or kind.
E.g.
*City, man, car and radio.

9. Proper
Noun
Name of a specific
person, place or thing.
E.g
Eiffel Tower, India,
Mr. Will Smith.

10. Collective Noun
Name of a number ( or collection) of
persons or things taken together and
spoken of as a whole.
E.g.
A Crowd -a collection of people
An Army - collection of soldiers

11. Abstract Noun
Is usually the name of a quality, action,
or state.
E.g.
Quality - kindness, darkness, honesty
Action - laughter, theft
State - sleep, sickness

12. Countable Noun :
(or countables) are the names of objects, people, etc.
that we can count.
E.g. book, pen, apple, boy
Uncountable Noun :
(or uncountables) are the names of things which cannot
count.
E.g. milk, sugar, gold, oil

13. *The sun sheds it’s beams on
rich and poor alike.
*Edward was a great king.
*The rose smells sweet.
*A flock of sheep is passing
by.
*George was a brave
soldier.

14. Fun time: come lets play
Names, Place,Things and animals with a difference
Proper
Noun
Common
Noun
Collective
Noun
Abstract
Noun
Peter Postman Poultry Prayer
DEMO: For letter
Fill the above tabular column using the letters : and

15. is a word used instead of
a noun.
E.g.
* Tim is absent, because he is ill.
* This book is mine.
* It is doubtful whether he will come for the party.
* Bob is a kind boy. He has lent his bicycle to Alice.

16. Types of Pronouns
*Personal Pronoun (I, me, mine)
*Demonstrative Pronoun (This, That , These, Those)
*Interrogative pronoun (Who, which, what)

17. Personal Pronoun
Personal pronoun refers to person who is doing the action or
to whom the action affects
e.g. I, me, He, Him, She, Her, We, Us, They, Them.

18. Demonstrative Pronoun
Which points to a specific thing
This, That, These, Those
They also indicate whether the thing is close or far
"That" (singular) and "Those" (plural) refer to an object or person far AWAY.
Who owns that house? (distant )
Is this John's house? (near)

19. Interrogative Pronoun
Used in order to ask a question
What, Which, Who, Whose, Whom
Who wrote the novel ?

20. Is a word that expresses
some action or
occurance.
E.g.
*The sun shines brightly.
*Harry laughs.
Verb

21. Verb: shows action or
state of being
Action: He was running through
the forest.
State of being: He was sad that
particular morning.

22. Characteristics of Verbs :
*Verbs usually come after the subject of the sentence.
E.g. Chris paints well
*Verbs must agree in person (first, second, etc.) and
number (singular and plural) with the subject of the
sentence.
E.g. She sings sweetly.
They sing sweetly.

23.  An adjective is a word that tells us
more about a noun, pronoun or another
adjective.
 An adjective “qualifies” or “modifies”
a noun..
 We can often use two or more
adjectives together.

24. * before noun: a new car
* can come after verbs: that car looks fast
* can be modified by adverbs: a very expensive car

25. old man, on Tuesday, she said, and you, afternoon
old man
Bill Clinton, the fire spread, got married, very busy, piece of pie
very busy
Which does not contain an adjective?
cold water, until now, rainy day, great idea, gold star
until now
wait here, my friend, is hot, lucky day, that guy
wait here

26. The old dog was tired and dirty?
0 1 2 3 4
3
I ate a piece of cake with my coffee?
0 1 2 3 4
1

27. Modifies and describes a verb, an adjective or any other adverb
How -Tom sings well.
When - I can't meet you today.
Where - They will be here soon.
How much - He usually gets good grades.

28. Adverb: describes a verb
*The little girl walked happily through the
park.
*The orphan hungrily ate the hot stew.

29. Which contains an adverb?
rich man, study hard, one time, easy job, hard life
study hard
How many adverbs are in
I really woke up too early this morning?
0 1 2 3 4
3
really, too, early

30. An Adjectives shows the relation with a Noun
A Slow Car
An Adverb shows the relation with a verb
He drives slowly

31. Slow – Slowly
Angry – Angrily
Easy – Easily
Quiet – Quietly
Careful – Carefully

32. Exercise
1. He ___ reads a book. (quick)
Quickly (Adverb)
2. Mandy is a ___ girl. (pretty)
Pretty (Adjective)
3. The class is ___ loud today. (terrible)
Terribly (Adverb)
4. Max is a ___ singer. (good)
Good (Adjective)
5. You can ___ open this tin. (easy)
Easily (Adverb)

33. The Preposition
All those words which show the relationship between a
noun/pronoun and another word in the sentence.
The proposition never stands alone.
The preposition can be one word or group of words.
E.g.
The cat was on the table.
The dog was under the table.

34. Fun Time
Can you use some of these common
prepositions and make sentences of your own
:
on
in
at
to
from
with
into
by
off
after
under
near
above
across
behind

35. Conjunctions
Conjunctions :
used to join words or sentences
together.
E.g.
*Jack and Jill went up the hill.
*The water was warm but I didn't go
swimming.
F – For
A – And
N – Nor
B – But
O – Or
Y – Yet
S - So

36. *Manuel and Marisol loved to cook.
*You will go to school, or you will
fail.
*I am happy because I just received
my check.
*It has been cloudy since the
morning.

37. Which conjunction fits best in these sentences:
1. I am hungry ___ I don't want to eat.
but , so, after, before , or
but
2. Do you want pizza ___ a hamburger?
Than, so, while, as, or
or
3. He ate ___ he was hungry.
If, so, or, although, because
because

38. After Ben and Sid come, we can leave.
0 1 2 3 4
2

39. Interjection:
Interjections are short exclamations like Hello!,
Bravo!, Alas! or Ah! .
>They have no real grammatical value but we use them
quite often, usually more in speaking than in writing.
>An interjection is followed by an exclamation mark (!)
when written.

40. Interjections: expressive words
*Wow!, you knocked that ball out of
the park.
*Oh!, you really need to take care of
yourself.
*Huh!, what did you say ?
*Ah!, now I understood the problem.

41. E.g.
*"Hey ! look at that!"
(calling attention )
*"Hi ! What's new?"
(expressing greeting )
*"Well ! what did he say?"
(introducing a remark )
Well !
what did
he say?
Hi !
What's
new?

42. Other words which express emotions are
Wow
Goodness
OOPS
Ouch
Oh no
Yeah
Hey
Shh

43. Articles
Articles: are Determiners.
Types Of Articles:
Indefinite – A / AN
Definite – THE

44. Articles
Indefinite Article (A)
A dog is a faithful animal.
A man is known by the company he keeps.

45. Articles
Indefinite Article (AN)
An Apple
An Honest Man

46. Articles
Definite Article ( THE)
*Lets go to the Golf Club.
*The Solar System.

47. Identify each word in the
following sentence:
The beautiful queen was walking slowly on
the cool lawn, and she was reading a
long book about knights and kings which
she enjoyed.

48. The beautiful queen was walking slowly
article adjective noun verb verb adverb
on the cool lawn, and she was reading a
preposition article adjective noun conjunction pronoun verb verb article
long book about knights and kings which
adjective noun preposition noun conjunction noun preposition
she enjoyed.
Pronoun verb

49. Assignment: Identify parts of speech
1. The queen knew that she would be the only pretty woman at the party.
2. The dinner we had at the Tourist Hotel was very nice.
3. An old beggar stood by the gate and looked through the window.
4. The little bird hopoed about and sang sweetly.

51. Every name is called a noun,
As field and fountain, street and town.
In place of noun the pronoun stands,
As he and she can clap their hands.

52. The adjective describes a thing.
As magic wand or bridal ring.
The verb means action, something done,
As read and write and jump and run.

53. How things are done the adverbs tell,
As quickly, slowly, badly, well.
The preposition shows relation,
As in the street or at the station.

54. Conjunctions join, in many ways,
Sentences, words, or phrase and phrase.
The interjection cries out,”Hark!
I need an exclamation mark!”