1. HAUSA
 BY:
 LESLIE C. PLANDO
 VERONICA
MORALES
 RUZZEL JANE
PATAG
 NERELYN
MAGPANTAY

2.  Predominantly Hausa communities are
scattered throughout West Africa and on the
traditional Hajj route across the Sahara
Desert, especially around the town of
Agadez. A few Hausa have moved to large
coastal cities in the region such as Lagos,
Accra, Kumasi and Cotonou, as well as to
countries such as Libya.

3.  The Hausa are one of the largest ethnic groups
in West Africa. They are a Sahelian people
chiefly located in northern Nigeria and
southeastern Niger, but having significant
numbers living in regions of Cameroon,
Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, Chad and Sudan.
 However, most Hausa remain in small villages
and towns, where they grow crops and raise
livestock, including cattle. They speak the
Hausa language, an Afro-Asiatic language of
the Chadic group.

5. History and culture
 Kano, north Nigeria is considered the center of
Hausa trade and culture. In terms of cultural
relations to other peoples of West Africa, the Hausa
are culturally and historically close to the Fulani,
Zarma, Kanuri, Gwari and Tuareg, as well as other
Afro-Asiatic and Nilo-Saharan groups spreading from
eastern Mali to southern Libya and east into Chad
and Sudan.
 Many Hausa have intermixed with other groups
such as the Yoruba, Dagomba and Shuwa. Islamic
Shari’a law is loosely the law of the land and is
understood by any full time practitioner of Islam,
known in Hausa as a Ma'allam.

6.  Between 500 CE and 700 CE Hausa people, who
had been slowly moving west from Nubia and
mixing in with the local Northern and Central
Nigerian population, established a number of
strong states in what is now Northern and Central
Nigeria and Eastern Niger. With the decline of
the Nok culture and Sokoto, who had previously
controlled Central and Northern Nigeria between
800 BCE and 200 CE, the Hausa were able to
emerge as the new power in the region. Closely
linked with the Kanuri people of Kanem-
Bornu (Lake Chad), the Hausa aristocracy
adopted Islam in the 11th century CE.

7. Nok culture
The Nok culture appeared
in Nigeria around 1000 B.C. and
vanished under unknown
circumstances around 500 AD in the
region of West Africa. This region lies
in Northern and Central Nigeria.
Its social system is thought to have
been highly advanced. The Nok
culture was considered to be the
earliest sub-Saharan producer of life-
sized Terracotta. It has been
suggested that the Nok civilization
eventually evolved into the
later Yoruba civilization of Ife based on
similarities seen in the artwork from Nok sculpture, terracotta,
Louvre
these two cultures

8. NOK SCULPTURES

10. SOKOTO
 The name Sokoto (which is the
modern/anglicised version of the
local name, Sakkwato) is of Arabic
origin, representing suk, 'market'. It
is also known as Sakkwato, Birnin
Shaihu da Bello or "Sokoto, Capital
of Shaihu and Bello").
 Being the seat of the Sokoto
Caliphate, the city is predominantly
Muslim and an important seat of
Islamic learning in Nigeria. The
Sultan who heads the caliphate is
effectively the spiritual leader of Sultan's Palace
Nigerian Muslims.

12.  In 1810 the Fulani, another Islamic African
ethnic group that spanned across West
Africa, invaded the Hausa states. Their
cultural similarities however allowed for
significant integration between the two
groups, who in modern times are often
demarcated as "Hausa-Fulani" rather than
as individuated groups, and many Fulani in
the region do not distinguish themselves
from the Hausa.

13.  The Hausa remain preeminent in Niger and
Northern Nigeria. Their impact in Nigeria is
paramount, as the Hausa-Fulani
amalgamation has controlled Nigerian
politics for much of its independent history.
They remain one of the largest and most
historically grounded civilizations in West
Africa.

14. The Hausa-Fulani Kingdom
The Hausa cultures, which as early
as the 7th century A.D were
smelting iron ore, arose in what is
today northwestern and north
central Nigeria, to Bornu’s west. The
origin of these cultures, however, is
a mystery.
Legend holds that Bayajidda, a
traveler from the Middle East,
married the queen of Daura, from
whom came seven sons. Each son is
reputed to have founded one of the
seven Hausa kingdoms: Kano, Rano,
Katsina, Zazzau (Zaria), Gobir,
Kebbi, and Auyo.

15. RELIGION
 Hausa have an ancient Chadic/Sahelian culture
that had an extensive coverage area, and have
long ties to the Tuareg, Berbers, and other
peoples in West Africa, such as the Mandé,
Fulani and the Wolof of Senegambia, through
extended long-distance trade. Islam has been
present in Hausaland since the 14th century,
but it was largely restricted to the region's
rulers and their courts until 18th and 19th
century jihads led by Uthman Dan Fodio and
others led to the forced conversion,
enslavement or killing of traditional believers

16. SAHEL CULTURE
 The Sahel is the ecoclimatic and biogeographic zone
of transition between the Sahara desert in the North
and the Sudanian Savannas in the south. It stretches
across the north of the African continent between the
Atlantic Ocean and the Red Sea. The Arabic word
sāḥil ‫ ساحل‬literally means "shore, coast", describing
the appearance of the vegetation of the Sahel as a
coastline delimiting the sand of the Sahara.
 The Sahel covers parts of the territory of (from west to
east) Senegal, southern Mauritania, Mali, Burkina
Faso, southern Algeria, Niger, northern Nigeria, Chad,
Sudan (including Darfur and the southern part of
Sudan), northern Cameroon and Eritrea.

17. The Sahel forms a belt up to 1,000 km
wide, spanning Africa from
the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea.

18. CHADIC
 The Chadic languages
constitute a language
family of perhaps 200
languages spoken
across northern Nigeria,
Niger, Chad, Central
African Republic and
Cameroon, belonging to
the Afroasiatic phylum.
The most widely spoken
Chadic language is
Hausa, a lingua franca
of much of inland West
Africa.

19. HAUSA CLOTHING
 The Hausa people have a very restricted
dressing code due to the fact of religious
beliefs. The men are easily recognizable
because of their elaborate dress which is a
large flowing gown known as Babban
riga and a robe called a jalabia and juanni,
see Senegalese kaftan. These large flowing
gowns usually feature some elaborate
embroidery designs around the neck.

20.  Men also wear colorful embroidered caps
known as fula, and depending on location
and occupation, may wear a Tuareg-style
turban around this to veil the face (known
as Alasho or Tagelmust). The females can
be identified by their dressing codes in
which they wear wrappers called abaya
made with colorful cloth with a matching
blouse, head tie and shawl.