1. “JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS” (jsA)
A form of composite risk management
Purpose:
1) The JSA is a Breakdown of the Plant “HAZARD ANALYSIS” relative to certain: (MEEPS)
a) Material: liquids, solids and gases that can be hazardous to employees.
i) Liquid and solid chemicals (such as acids, bases, solvents, explosives, etc.) can produce harmful effects.
ii) Raw materials (solids like metal, wood, and plastic) used to manufacture products are usually bought in large
quantities and can cause injuries or fatalities in many ways.
iii) Gases, like hydrogen sulfide and methane, may be extremely hazardous if leaked into the atmosphere
b) Equipment: machinery and tools used to produce or process goods.
i) Hazardous equipment that is improperly guarded and places workers in a danger zone around moving parts could
cause injury or death.
ii) Lack-of a preventive maintenance program will make it difficult to ensure equipment operates properly.
iii) If there is no corrective maintenance program, then equipment that is broken or causing a safety hazard may not be
fixed immediately and cause workers harm.
iv) Tools that are not in good working order, improperly repaired, or not used for their intended purpose only is an
accident waiting to happen. Any maintenance person will tell you that an accident can easily occur if tools are not
used correctly. Tools that are used while broken are also very dangerous
c) Environment: general area that employees are working in.
i) Poor facility design, hazardous atmospheres, temperature and/or noise can cause stress.
ii) If areas in your workplace are too hot, cold, dusty, dirty, messy or wet, then measures should be taken to minimize
the adverse conditions.
iii) Extreme noise that can damage hearing should not be present.
iv) Workstations may be designed improperly (short people working at workstations designed for tall people),
contributing to an unsafe environment.
d) People: employees, management and others in the workplace.
i) Unsafe employee behaviors include taking short cuts or not using personal protective equipment.
ii) Employees who are working while fatigued, under of influences of drugs or alcohol, distracted for any reason or in a
hurry cause walking and working hazards.
e) System: the processes and rules put into place to manage safety, also known as the safety
management system.
i) Management may unintentionally promote unsafe behaviors.
ii) Ineffective policies, procedures, rules (written and unwritten), practices and plans (also known as “Administrative
Controls”) that ignore safe behaviors or direct unsafe work practices ultimately represent the causes for about 98% of
all workplace accidents.
2) The JSA is a Job Procedure in a STEP BY STEP format with or without depictive pictures.
3) The JSA lists the associated Hazards for tasks that are Industry Wide and Site/Shop Specific.
4) The JSA Is a Priority for addressing any Recordable Accident, Incident, Near Miss, Injury, Employee
expression of concern, or failures by Employees to accurately follow procedures required pertaining
to Controls, Safe Work Methods, or PPE use and care.
5) The JSA Provides ID and Assessment of Hazards (OSHA Requirement/Company Hazard Analysis)
6) The JSA Provides clear and easily understood Communication from Safety Personnel and
Supervisors to Employees regarding:
a) Step By Step Procedure,
b) Associated Hazards, and
c) Recommended Actions to reduce or eliminate those Hazards (w/ emphasis on most Hazardous,
and recent Incidents)
7) The JSA Provides Training Requirements as mandated by OSHA

2. 8) The JSA Provides an invaluable resource for:
a) Accident Investigation
b) Recommended Action
c) Follow Up
9) The JSA Provides for documented Retraining following:
a) Accidents : unexpected events leading to injury
b) Incidents: unexpected events leading to property damage (usually over $500),*with no injury.
c) Near Misses: unexpected events which had no injury or property damage, but could have resulted in a
catastrophic event.
d) Non-Compliance Infractions.
10) The JSA Produces Employment Involvement/ Ownership of Hazard ID/Reduction/Elimination.
11) The JSA Sign Off between Supervisor and Employees provides for automatic
review/reanalysis/revision whenever new Equipment, Material, Processes or newly Hired Employees
arrives at the shop.
12) The JSA is Documentation of Supervisory Controls in Place.
13) The JSA lists all Engineering Controls Developed and Implemented by Company, with Equipment and
Tool Manufacturer recommendations.
14) The JSA lists all Regulatory, Engineering, Administrative, Operational, Procedural, Supervisory, and
Training Controls in Place.
15) The JSA is the Number 1 Source for reduction/elimination of Hazards and associated Incidents.
NECESSARY ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTATION FOR IMPLEMENTATION
 Sign Off Sheet per Shop/Job Position
 Audit of JSA
 JSA Audit/Employee Contact Form.
Scope:
All Department/Employees
Responsible Parties:
 Safety Team
 Supervisors
 Lead Men
 Employees (Subject Matter Experts)
All Job tasks should have a “PLAN A”, “SOP” (standard operating procedure), or “SWMP” (standard work
method/plan) already in place. These are step by step guidelines on how employees are to
perform/accomplish the task.
Usually the JSA is constructed by observing employees performing the tasks compared to the PLAN A.
The JSA Author will observe as many times as needed and:
1.) List each step in order with
2.) List any known or possible Hazards. And finally,
3.) List all recommended Actions for avoiding Accident, Incident or Injury.
The Recommended Actions should include any:
1.) Engineering Controls in place and how to apply them as Safeguards,
2.) Safe Work Methods, and as a last resort,
3.) Personal Protective Equipment Provided/Required if exposure to the Hazard is necessary.
Kelly Weaver