3. What is National Development?
⦁ It is the all-round and
balanced development of
different aspects and
facets of the nation viz.
political, economic,
social, cultural, scientific
and material.
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5. Large scale
unemployement and
under-employment
• Philippines unemployment rate for 2021
was 2.41%, a 0.11% decline from 2020.
• Philippines unemployment rate for 2020
was 2.52%, a 0.28% increase from 2019.
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6. Large pool of illiteracy.
According to our estimates 70,679,148 persons or 96.29% of
adult population (aged 15 years and above) in Philippines
are able to read and write. Accordingly about 2,724,396
adults are illiterate.
Literacy rate for adult male population is 95.78% (34,841,856
persons). 1,535,867 are illiterate.
Literacy rate for adult female population is 96.79%
(35,837,292 persons). 1,188,529 are illiterate.
Youth literacy rates are 96.98% and 98.94% for males and
females accordingly. The overall youth literacy rate is
97.94%. Youth literacy rate definition covers the
population between the ages of 15 to 24 years.
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7. Rapid growth of
population
• The current population of Philippines in 2022
is 115,559,009, a 1.47% increase from 2021.
• The population of Philippines in 2021
was 113,880,328, a 1.51% increase from
2020.
• The population of Philippines in 2020
was 112,190,977, a 1.64% increase from
2019.
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8. Slow process of
Modernization
• Our country is still developing and thus, it lacks
wealth and technology advancement compared to
other countries.
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9. Incidence of Poverty and
Poor standard of living
• The number of people living in poverty in 2021 rose to a total
of almost 20 million or 18.1% of the population from 16.7%
in 2018, the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA)
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27. Stimulus Agent
⦁ A catalyst can provoke or initiate positive changes in
individual or family life thus speeding up the rate of
exchange toward national development.
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28. Home Economists have initiated changes in individual and
family conditions by
a. providing knowledge and skills which can be used by
families to improve living conditions (income, health and
nutrition);
b. improving household technology in order for women to
have opportunities to earn a living; and
c. campaigning for the recognition of the value and
capabilities of women.
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30. Adaptive Agent
⦁ There are instances when the
possibility is in the direction of
adjusting to a changing environment
rather than initiating change.
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31. Home Economists look for ways to help families cope with
the changes.
a. helping individuals and families deal with the growing consumerist world
through consumer education;
b. equipping families to cope with changing family structure with changing
family structure and roles brought about by the increasing of single parent
households;
c. adapting household technology to the needs of families and the effective
utilization of these new high-tech resources (time, money, etc.) saved with the
use of technology;
d. assisting family entrepreneurs adapt to the changes brought about by the
growing internationalization of the economy; and
e. helping rural families cope with industrialization through efficient resource
management.
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33. Stability Agent
⦁ Home Economists need to study carefully
the changes happening in the society and
analyze the repercussions of these changes.
⦁ Home economists strive for a steady supply
of goods and services to meet the basic
needs of the people.
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34. Home economists:
a. stress the prevention of moral values and professional
ethics;
b. emphasize the human and cultural aspects of technology
management;
c. and promote the utilization of appropriate and efficient local
technology (skills and techniques) in daily living.
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