ingles 1

3. In this module you will learn useful vocabulary and communication strategies to
talk about interesting places and give directions. The module aims to give you
enough language for you to express desires, make invitations, make suggestions,
express obligation and accept or decline invitations to go to places.
Unit 5. Going out
5.1. Accepting and declining
invitations
5.1.1.Let’s: Positive and Negative
form
5.1.2.Infinitives
5.2. Traveling
5.2.1.Tourist attractions
5.2.2.Giving directions
5.2.3.Prepositions of time and place

4. Read the conversation:
Peter: Hi Anna! Would you like to go out for dinner tonight?
Anna: I’d love to go, but I can’t.
Peter: Oh no! Why not? I want to try this new Indian restaurant.
Anna: I’m sorry! I have to work tonight, maybe some other time.
Peter: Oh! That’s too bad. Well, how about tomorrow night?
Anna: Sure, sounds great. Let’s try that new Indian restaurant.
Peter: How about at eight? I have to run some errands for my mother at seven.
Anna: No problem. Eight is fine. But, you have to pick me up at my father’s house.
Peter: It’s fine. Where does he live?
Anna: He lives in Fallbrook, on English street, in front of the gas station.
Peter: No problem. It’s a date.
Discover the grammar. Try to answer the following questions:
1. What word does the contraction ’d represent in the
conversation? A or B?
A. would
B. had
2. What form of the verb is used after let’s, want, have, like, and I’d
love? A or B?
A. Base form (example: go, try, run)
B. Infinitive (to + base form, example: to go, to try, to run)

5. People use these phrases to express desires, make invitations, make suggestions,
express obligation and accept or decline invitations.
Make
Invitations
Make
Suggestions
Accept
Invitations
Decline
Invitations
Express
Desires
Express
Obligation/
Necessity
Would you like
to go out …?
How about …? I would love to
...
I’d love to ...
I’d love to go,
but I can’t.
I would like
to…
I’d like to…
I have to…
Do you want to
have dinner…? Let’s try ...
See you at… Maybe some
other time.
I would love
to…
I’d love to …
I need to…
Are you
free/busy on
…?
Sure. Sounds
great.
Sorry. I can’t. I
have to …
I want to …
Notes:
We use the modal “would” to express desires. The contraction ’d can mean “I would” or “I had”
(past perfect).
I would love to go with you.
I'd like to go with you.
We use have to or has to + base form of a verb for
obligation.
I have to work late tonight.
He has to meet her at her mother’s house.
Do you have to work tomorrow?
(Yes, I do. / No. I don’t.)
We use would + like (‘d like) to invite people to do
something or for offers.
Would you like to come to my house for
dinner?
Would you like some wine?
 Correct: Would you like to go out tonight?
 Incorrect: Do you like to go out tonight?

6. We make suggestions when we decide to do
something with other people. It is very common to
use let’s (let us) to make suggestions about doing
something with someone.
Form:
Positive form: Let's + Base form of a verb
Examples:
 Let's go to the movies.
 Let's try that new Indian restaurant.
Negative form: Let's + not + Base form of a verb
Examples:
 Let's not go to that restaurant.
 Let's not eat out tonight.
An infinitive is a verb form that can be used as a noun, adjective or adverb. We can
identify an infinitive when we see for the word “to” followed by the base form of a
verb.
Form:
To + Base form of a verb = Infinitive
Examples: to try, to go, to learn, to pick
 You have to pick me up at my mother’s house.
 I need to go to Albrook Mall to buy some clothes.
 I want to learn English.
We often use infinitive after certain verbs. Some of the verbs commonly followed by
infinitives are: like, want, have, need, love, expect, and agree.

7. Examples:
 I have to buy some clothes.
 You need to run some errands.
 She wants to go to the movies.
 My husband likes to wear comfortable shoes.
 I expect to learn a lot in this course.
Sometimes we take time off work and decide to travel somewhere new and exciting
on vacation. It’s important to be aware of the following terms whenever you plan to
travel to a foreign country, especially to an English speaking country.
Travel vocabulary
Flight
The action of flying through the air on
an aircraft.
Plane
ticket
A ticket that enables you to travel on an
aircraft.

8. Vacation
It’s time off from work to rest at home
or to travel somewhere else.
Currency
It’s the accepted form of money in a
country. Example: The Indian rupee is
the official currency of the Republic of
India.
Passport
A document issued by the government
of a country to one of its citizens that is
necessary to travel abroad and return
again.
Tourist
attractions
It’s a place that attracts tourists to visit
and stay due to its cultural or natural
value. Example: the Milan Cathedral in
Italy.
Tourist
A person who is visiting a place for a
small period of time to have fun and
experience something different from
his/her hometown.

9. Sightseeing
It’s the act of visiting places that
tourists find interesting in a specific
location.
Luggage
A collection of suitcases or bags where
you pack the things you want to carry
for traveling.
Carry on A small piece of luggage that is suitable
for being carried with you onto an
airplane.
Here are some of the most popular tourist attractions in the world.
Which one would you like to visit? Why?
The Taj Mahal, Agra, India Machu Picchu, Peru

10. Eiffel Tower, Paris, France Hagia Sophia, Istanbul, Turkey
Great Wall at Mutianyu, China Panama Canal, Panama
Cristo Redentor, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco, California

11. You will find these English expressions useful if you ever get lost or whenever you
want to get to a particular place or give directions to others.
Asking for location
Excuse me. Is there a bank near here?
Where is the museum?
Can you help me? Could you tell me the way to the police station?
Could you tell me how to get to the post office?
How do I get to the hospital?
How can I get to the zoo?
I’m looking for a gas station. Is there one near this place?
Is it far/near?
Giving a location
It’s next to the… (bank, post office, etc.)
It’s across from/in front of/opposite… (the pharmacy, book store, etc.)
It’s on the right.
It’s on the left.
It’s around the corner.
It’s at the corner of …street and …street.
It’s behind the museum.
It’s between the mall and the airport.
Turn
right
Turn left Go straight ahead Go back
At the corner of…
A
Cross Opposite
A
B
Next to
A B
Between
A B C

12. Giving directions
Place and time phrases usually begin with prepositions. They help you answer the
questions “when, what time, and where”. The following chart gives examples on
how to use the prepositions of time and place: in, on and at.
Prepositions of time:
When’s the concert? What time’s the party? It’s
in on at
 in 2017
 in the morning
 in July
 in the summer
 in two weeks
on Saturday
on the weekend
on New Year’s Eve
on July, 4th
on Sundays
at 8:30
at dawn
at noon
at midnight
Prepositions of place:
Where’s the restaurant? It’s
in on at
 in Clayton
 in Spain
 in Lima
 in Australia
 in the ocean
 on Ricardo Arias
Street
 on the corner of
English Street and
Spanish Street
 on Washington Street
at work
at home
at school
at the supermarket
at 25 Washington Street
Notes:
Time (in, on, at)
 Use in with years, seasons, months, and periods of the day (the morning).
 Use on with days of the week or dates (Christmas).
 Use at with a specific time of the day and with the nouns noon, night and
midnight.
Place (in, on, at)
 Use in with the names of towns, cities, states, provinces, countries, continents
or large areas.
 Use on with the name of roads or streets.
 Use at with specific addresses and buildings.
Go/continue straight ahead for one/two… blocks
Walk/Drive until you see…
Turn right/left
Take this road.
Go along/continue down this road
Cross...
Go/turn back

13. Don’t use at for addresses without house or building numbers:
 Incorrect: My mother lives at Washington Street.
 Correct: My mother lives at 25 Washington Street. (25 is the number of the
house).
Contractions
When’s= When is
What time’s = What time is
Where’s= Where is

14. Basic
 Barrett, G. (2016). Perfect English grammar: the indispensable guide to
excellent writing and speaking. Berkeley, CA: Zephyros Press.
 Altenberg, E. and Vago, R. (2010). English grammar. Understanding the
basics. Cambridge University. Press.
 Kirn, E. and Jack, D. (2008). Interactions 1. A Communicative Grammar.
4th Edition. Maidenhead, England, U.K.: McGraw-Hill.
 Fuchs, M., Bonner, M. & Westheimer, M. (2012) Focus on Grammar. 4th
Edition.Pearson Education ELT.
 Scrivener, J. (2010). Teaching English Grammar: What to Teach and how to
Teach it. Oxford: Macmillan Education.
 McCarthy, M. &McCarten, J. (2014). Touchstone 1. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Complementary
 Richards, J & Hull, J. (2012). Interchange 1. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
 Learn English | British Council. (2017). English Grammar. [online] Available
at: http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar [Accessed 24
May 2017].
 Linguapress.com. (2017). English Grammar. [online] Available at:
http://linguapress.com/grammar/index.htm [Accessed 24 May 2017].
 Images source: https://pixabay.com/ CC Public Domain.
 Videos source: https://videos.pexels.com/. CC Public Domain.