Web Tech Presentation Essentials

Presented To:
Md. Sharif Hossen
Lecturer,
Dept. of ICT
Comilla University
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Presented By:
4
Name ID Session
Noor Uddin
Mazumder
1109033 2011-2012
Tania Kaoser 1109035 2011-2012
Md Shohag Mia 1109036 2011-2012
Sharmin Akter Rima 1109037 2011-2012
Md. Arefin Islam 1109038 2011-2012

OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Languages that used in web technology
HTML and CSS
JavaScript
JQuery
PHP and MySQL
 Some common mistakes we should avoid
 Conclusion
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WHAT IS WEB TECHNOLOGY?
Web technology is the development of the
mechanism that allows two or more computer
devices to communicate over a network.
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WHICH LANGUAGES SHOULD BE
INCLUDED IN WEB TECHNOLOGY
 HTML and CSS
 JavaScript
 JQuery
 PHP and MySQL
7

HTML
HTML refers to Hypertext Markup Language. It is
the set of markup symbols or codes inserted in a
file intended for display on a World Wide Web
browser page. The markup tells the Web browser
how to display a Web page's words and images for
the user.
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HTML
H T M L M E A N S H Y P E R T E X T M A R K U P L A N G U A G E .
 A W E B PA G E S TA R T W I T H < H T M L > A N D E N D
W I T H < / H T M L >
C R E AT I N G A W E B PA G E U S I N G H T M L , T H E R E I S
T W O PA R T H E A D A N D B O D Y
S I M I L A R LY W E S TA R T A H E A D W I T H < H E A D >
A N D E N D W I T H < / H E A D > , W E S TA R T T H E B O D Y
W I T H < B O D Y > A N D E N D W I T H < / B O D Y >
W E U S E I T F O R D E S C R I B I N G A W E B
D O C U M E N T S ( W E B PA G E S ) .
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HTML TAG
HTML consists of different HTML tag. Some of tag are here:
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Tag Description
<html></html> Define the root of an HTML document
<body></body> Defines the document’s body
<a></a> Defines a hyperlink
<p></p> Defines a paragraph
<h1>to <h6> Defines HTML heading
<ul></ul> Defines an unordered list
<li></li> Define list item
<b></b> Define bold text

CSS
CSS refers to Cascading Style Sheets. It
is a style sheet language used for
describing the look and formatting of a
document written in a markup
language.
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CSS
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheet.
We use it for describing a web documents(web
pages)
Style define how to display HTML elements.
We can design web page by using CSS.
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WHAT IS PHP?
PHP is a server-side scripting language designed
specifically for the Web.
An open source language
PHP code can be embedded within an HTML
page, which will be executed each time that
page is visited.
Example code (all equivalent):
Short Style: <? echo “Hello World!”; ?>
XML Style: <?php echo “Hello World!”; ?>
Script Style: <SCRIPT LANGUAGE=‘php’> echo
“Hello World!”; </SCRIPT>
ASP Style: <% echo “Hello World!”; %>

FEATURES OF PHP
Very Efficient – Can serve millions of hits per day.
Database Integration – Supports many databases, such
as mySQL and Oracle. Also has excellent XML support as of
PHP 5.
Built-in Libraries – Tailored to web development, one can
connect to other network services, send email, work with
cookies, generate PDF documents, and make GIF images on
the fly all with a few lines of code.
It’s Free – Available on http://www.php.net
Easy to Learn – Very similar in syntax to C/C++/Java and
Perl.
Portable – Works on Unix based operating systems, on Mac
OS X, as well as on versions of Microsoft Windows. Your PHP
code will often work without modification on a different system
running PHP.

DATABASE SUPPORT
The following is a list of supported databases in
PHP 5:
Adabas D
InterBase
PostgreSQL
dBase
FrontBase
SQLite
Empress
mSQL
FilePro (read-only)
Solid
Direct MS-SQL
Sybase
Hyperwave
MySQL
Velocis
ODBC
Unix dbm
Informix
Oracle (OCI7 and OCI8)
Ingres
Ovrimos
IBM DB2

WHAT IS PHP GOOD FOR?
E-commerce sites with heavy traffic (ex.
Amazon)
Complex bulletin boards and forums (ex. phpBB)
Secure websites (ex. Novasis)
Email web hosts (ex. Gmail)
Working with and integrating XML into your
webpage
Database management and search (ex.
theFaceBook)

What is SQL?
– When a user wants to get some
information from a database file, he can
issue a query.
– A query is a user–request to retrieve
data or information with a certain
condition.
– SQL is a query language that allows user
to specify the conditions. (instead of
algorithms)

Concept of SQL
– The user specifies a certain condition.
– The result of the query will then be
stored in form of a table.
– Statistical information of the data.
– The program will go through all the records
in the database file and select those
records that satisfy the
condition.(searching).

BASIC STRUCTURE OF AN SQL
QUERY
General
Structure
SELECT, ALL / DISTINCT, *,
AS, FROM, WHERE
Comparison IN, BETWEEN, LIKE "% _"
Grouping GROUP BY, HAVING,
COUNT( ), SUM( ), AVG( ), MAX( ), MIN( )
Display Order ORDER BY, ASC / DESC
Logical
Operators
AND, OR, NOT
Output INTO TABLE / CURSOR
TO FILE [ADDITIVE], TO PRINTER, TO SCREEN
Union UNION

GENERAL STRUCTURE
SELECT [ALL / DISTINCT] expr1 [AS col1], expr2 [AS col2] ;
FROM tablename WHERE condition
SELECT ...... FROM ......
WHERE ......

DISADVANTAGES OF SQL:
* Difficulty in Interfacing:
Interfacing an SQL database is more complex
than
adding a few lines of code.
* More Features Implemented in Proprietary
way:
Although SQL databases conform to ANSI &
ISO
standards, some databases go for proprietary
extensions to standard SQL to ensure vendor
lock-in.
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JAVASCRIPT
JavaScript is a scripting language, which
facilitates a disciplined approach to
designing computer programs that enhance
the functionality and appearance of web
pages.
It is a client- side scripting language use-d for
web-based application.
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WHAT IS JAVASCRIPT?
-- a lightweight programming language ("scripting
language")
used to make web pages interactive
insert dynamic text into HTML (ex: user name)
react to events (ex: page load user click)
get information about a user's computer (ex:
browser type)
perform calculations on user's computer (ex: form
validation)
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WHAT SHOULD NOT BE PROGRAMMED ON THE WEB
Fear and self-doubt
Messy code formatting
Inconsistence use of uppercase and lower case
Bad variable and function names
Over-commenting
Not knowing the full expressive power of your
language
Confusion between languages, frameworks, platforms
.
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FEAR AND SELF-DOUBT
 The number one mistake we can make as a
beginner programmer is to think we are not
good enough, not smart enough. That we
have the wrong type of brain, and we will
just never get it. It is believe that any one
can learn to program to at list a basic level ,
if they stick with.
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MESSY CODE FORMATTING
 One way an experienced programmer can
almost instantly spot code written by a
beginner is messy formatting, such as not
indenting code properly or having
inconsistent use of new lines and white
space.
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INCONSISTENCE USE OF UPPERCASE AND
LOWER CASE
Some languages are case sensitive,
others are not, but whatever language we
are writing , we should be consistent in how
we use upper case and lower case
characters in our variable and functions.
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BAD VARIABLE AND FUNCTION NAMES
In Javascript , where file size is an issue ,
there mores of an argument for shorter variable
names but even there we should not be
abbreviating to the point of losing all meaning and
we can always use a minifier to get the size down.
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NOT KNOWING THE FULL EXPRESSIVE POWER
OF YOUR LANGUAGE
%- Called modulo, the % operator is nothing to do
with percentages. Instead, it returns the reminder
we would be left with after dividing one number by
another.
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CONFUSION BETWEEN LANGUAGES, FRAMEWORKS,
PLATFORMS
Without wanting to be pedantice HTML and CSS are
not programming languages. HTML is mark-up
language and CSS is styling language. They are
great skills to have, but when one writing HTML and
CSS do not technically programming .
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CONCLUSION
From the above discussion, we understand that web
technology is the most important thing in modern
technology. Web technology is interpreted with more
scripting languages, i.e. if the web developer writes a
code which is easily understandable by the web
browsers.
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Web Tech Presentation Essentials

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