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Systems Architecture Products
             Capturing SCaN Legacy Networks in
            Architecture Diagrams and Documents

               Constellation Orion-to-ISS Mission

         NASA Lunar Mission and Communication
                       Networks

                       SCaN Future Architecture
“Architecture is a creative art, even if it is based on an existing legacy system. It is not only
for engineering or construction guidance, but it also has to provide insight, intent, and
vision, so that it can guide the system in moving forward through continual evolution.”
                                                                                     Dr. Yan Zhao; CGI Federal
                                                            Director for Enterprise and Solutions Architecture




                                                                                                                 1
Capturing SCaN Legacy Networks in
Architecture Diagrams and Documents




                                      2
SCaN “As Is” Architecture
   All-View Diagram




                            3
Deep Space Network (DSN)
Operational Node Connectivity (OV-2)
Deep Space Network (DSN)
Operational Information Exchange Matrix (OV-3)
  Need-line    Informa-tion   Information Element                                                 Producer                                                 Consumer
  Identifier   Exchange       Name
               Identifier




                                                                                                                             Sending OpActivity Name and




                                                                                                                                                           Receiving Op Node Name and
                                                                                                  Sending Op Node Name and




                                                                                                                                                                                        Receiving Op Activity Name
                                                                                                                                                                                        and Identifier
                                                                                       Language
                                                                            Accuracy




                                                                                                                             Identifier




                                                                                                                                                           Identifier
                                                                                                  Identifier
                                                      Scope
  1            1a             Customer Spacecraft Analysis of                                     Customer                   Support Service               DSN Operations Support Service
                              Data                Customer                                        Mission                    Planning &                    Center         Preparation (3)
                                                  Requirements                                    Operations                 Scheduling (2)




  1            1b             Planning &              Conflict                                    Customer                   Support Service               DSN Operations Support Service
                              Scheduling Request      Resolution, DSN                             Mission                    Planning &                    Center         Preparation (3)
                                                      Resource                                    Operations                 Scheduling (2)
                                                      Allocation




  1            1c             Service Schedule        Conflict resolution                         Customer                   Support Service               DSN Operations Support Service
                              Updates                 and realtime DSN                            Mission                    Planning &                    Center         Preparation (3)
                                                      operations                                  Operations                 Scheduling (2)




  2            2a             Resource Specs,         Customer gains                              DSN Operations Support Service                           Customer                     Support Service
                              Availability & Status   understanding of                            Center         Planning &                                Mission                      Preparation (3)
                                                      DSN assets and                                             Scheduling (2)                            Operations
                                                      services

  2            2b             DSN Schedules           Long Range                                  DSN Operations Support Service                           Customer                     Support Service
                                                      (years), Mid                                Center         Planning &                                Mission                      Preparation (3)
                                                      Range (8-weeks)                                            Scheduling (2)                            Operations
                                                      and Short Range
                                                      (7-day)
  2            2c             Accountability          All customer                                DSN Operations Assess Quality &                          Customer
                              Reports                 deliverables                                Center         Performance (5)                           Mission
                                                      including real-                                                                                      Operations
                                                      time and post-
                                                      pass deliverable
Near Earth Network (NEN)
Systems Communications Description (SV-2)
Space Network (SN)
Systems Functional Flow (SV-4)




                                 7
Constellation Orion-to-ISS Mission




                                     8
SCaN Concept of Operations
                        CEV-ISS Missions


• Prelaunch

• Launch/Ascent

• Low Earth Orbit
  (LEO)

• ISS Operations

• Return to Earth

• Recovery


                                                 9
System Communications Description (SV-2)
CEV-ISS Mission, Rendezvous-Docking Phase




                                            10
SCaN Network Navigation Architecture
CEV-ISS Mission, Rendezvous-Docking Phase




                                            11
End-to-End IP Network Architecture
The Constellation Project has established the initiative to extend communication infrastructures based on
IP protocol from ground segment to flight/space segment to achieve interoperability among its elements.
SCaN Networks can accommodate IP Service Interfaces to CxP systems.




         Orion                                                                          MS

                                             IP service interface

      Applications                                Cx Router                         Applications
                               SCaN                                   NISN

                                                                    NISN Earth
     Data Exchange                                                  Networks      Data Exchange

       Transport                   SN                                                Transport

       Network IP                                 Network IP        Network IP      Network IP

        Data Link             DL        DL        DL     DL         DL       DL      Data Link

          PHY                PHY        PHY      PHY    PHY     PHY       PHY           PHY



                                                                                                            12
NASA Lunar Mission and
Communication Networks




                         13
LRS
                                                          ISRU
                                 Rover                           Power
                                                Science          Station

                                         EVAs                                        EVAs
                           Beacons




                          LSAM                                             Habitat

                   CEV
                                                   LSAM
                   EVAs
                                                                 LCT




                          LRS
   MCC
                                                                                      LRS



NCC & LMOC
                                     Lunar Communication and
                                       Navigation Systems
   LGTs
                                         All-View Diagram


                                                                                            14
Lunar Communication and Navigation Systems (LCNS)
                          Operational Node Connectivity (OV-2)

                                                                                                                                 Traverse
         Monitors,
                                                Voice                                                      CEV                 to/from Moon
                                                Video
        Coordinates         MCC                 Data
         Directs &                             Control                                     LSAM                    Land on
          Archive                             Monitoring                                                            Moon
                                              Telemetry
               Schedules                      Tracking
              Ephemerides                      Status
                 Data                                                  Rovers                                    Tracking         Navigation
                                                                                         Tour                                     Beacons
      Manage
      Networks
                          ENCC                                             EVA                                                       Provide
Provide Analysis &
ephemeris services                                                         Astronauts.          Status, Voice,
                                                                                                                    Robot           Astronaut
                                                                                                 Video, Data                        Support &
                                        Data                 Data                                                                    Explore
             Schedules                Telemetry             Control
            Ephemerides                                     Status
               Data                                        Telemetry             Habitat                    Provide
                                                                                                          Centralized
                                                                                                           Habitation
     Manage links           LMOC                                                                           Facilities
                                                     Status
                                                  Ephemerides                              LCNS C/N                          Provide Local
                                                   Directives                                                                Lunar Surface
                                                    Tracking                               Terminal
     Directives        Status                                                                                               Communication
        Data            Data                         Timing                                                                 And LRS Access
      Control                                      Telemetry
                      Telemetry                       Data

                                                                                                Science                Analyze
            Lunar Ground                                                                    ISRU
                                                                                                                      Make Fuel
            Antenna Terminals                                                              Power
                                                                LCNS Lunar                                             Provide
                                                                Relay System                                            Power
                  LCNS             Internal
                  Other            Users
                  LCNS Users
Lunar Communication and Navigation Systems (LCNS)
                          System Communications Description (SV-2)
        Earth                                              Space                                                                                        Lunar Surface
     «operations»
                                                                                                                                                                                                         «human»
          MCC                                                        «human»                                                     «system»                                  «human»
                                  «system»                                                                                                                                                        35*      EVAs
  • SMD                                                                EVAs                                                       Vehicles   32*
                                    CEV                14 - S                                                                  • pressurized
                                                                                                                                                                             EVAs
  • Gov Agencies
  • Int’l Partners                                                                                           «system»          • open
                                                                                                              Beacon                                                                                    36*
                                                                                                           • 3 or more                                    33*
                                                 13
                                                                                             4   -S                                                                                       37*
        1                                             -S                                 4                    units
                                                                                      3,
                                                                                 ,4                                                                            34*
    «operations»                                                            42                                                                                                                       «system»
       LMOC                                           «system»                                                                                                                                        Robots




                                                                                                                                    24 - 802.1
                                                        LSAM                                                                                                                                      • science




                                                                                                                                                                  , .16,
                         Optical                                                                                                                                                                  • construction




                                                                                                       S
                         Surface




                                                                                                                                                             02.11
                                                                                                       a,
                                                                                                      -K
           2             Networks                                                                                                                                                                             38*




                                                                                                                                              1, .16,
                                                                                                                -




                                                                                                  15
                                                                                                             16




                                                                                                                                                         25 - 8
                                                                                                                                                                                          6,
                                                                12


    «operations                                                                                                       a,   S                                                         , .1
                                    11 - Ka, S




                                                                 -K


                                                                                                                  7-K                                                            . 11




                                                                                                                               39
                                                                     a,


         »                                                                                                    1                                                                02




                                                                                                                                 ,4
                                                                                                                                                                                                         «system»
                                                                        S


                                                                                                                                                                       -   8




                                                                                                                                  0,
       LCNS                                                     «system»                                                                                            26                                     LSAM




                                                                                                                                   41
      Network                                                                                          18 - Ka, S




                                                                                                                                      -S
                                                                  LRS
    3                  Ka, S                                                                                10 - K                                                                     -S
           4                                                                                                          a, S                  «system»                              27        29*
                                                      u




                5                                                                                                                             LCT                                                 30*
                                                  9-K




«system»                                                                                                                                                                         28*                    31*
  LGT 1
                                                                                                      19



                                    «system»
                                                                                                       -S



                         6                                                                                          «system»
                                      LRS                                                                                                               23
                         7                                                                                           ISRU(s)                                 -1                   «systems»
                                                                                                      20




                                                                                                                                  2 1*                            0G
                                                                                                                                                                       E            Wired
                                                                                                       -S




        «system»                                            Crosslink
                             8                                                                                    «system»
          LGT 2                                                                                                                                                                      Habitat
                                                                                                                                     *
                       «system»                                                                                    Power           22
                         LGT 3                                                                                                                            Wire
                                                                                                                                                                                *802.11, .16
                                                                                                                                                                                *802.11, .16                        16
Moon/Earth Space Network OV-2 diagrams
       networked together to form a System View (SV-4)
 Lunar Orbit
Nodal Region




                                                Lunar Surface
                                                Nodal Region



                                        Scenario: Human on EVA on Moon
                                        Conversing with Scientist at GSFC


                                  GN Ground Station
                                    Nodal Region

                                                                            17
Crew Exploration Vehicle
System to System Connections (SV-2)




                                      18
Crew Exploration Vehicle Science Capture
                  Functional Description (SV-4)

                DV          Still      Headsets    Microphones
              Camera       Camera
  Sensor                                    Analog Audio
      Data          Control
             MPEG              JPEG        VoIP
                                         Conversion
                  Route                                      Space
 Control                                                                    Earth
                Wireless             VoIP
                                                             Relay
on 802.15
               Data (WLAN)              802.11

  Routing              1G Ethernet      Wall
  Tables                              Displays
                Ethernet
                Routing                                          RF
                                              RF              Transmit
  Science
                                          Processing
 Collection
Requirements
                  Data
               Processing                                  Science Data Collection
                                                           Science Data Transport
    Storage                 Science
                            Sequence
                                                                                     19
SCaN Future Architecture




                           20
SCaN Integrated Communication Architecture
                               All-View Diagram
                                                              Titan
                                                                                           Neptune


                                                                      Saturn
                                                                                         Uranus




                                                                                                             Pluto
                                                                                                           Charon

                                                                               Jupiter




                                   SCaN                   ¸                                                  Mars
                                Integrated 
                              Service  Portal   ISS MCC

                                        NISN


                                                Cx MCC
                   Antenna 
                    Array




Venus
                                                                                                     SCaN µwave
                                                                                                     SCaN Optical
                                                                                                     NISN
Sun     Mercury
                                                                                                                     21
Future SCaN Network
System Interfaces Diagram




                            22
Future SCaN Network
Customer/Systems Operational Relationship
Future SCaN Network
Operational Activities Flow (OV-5)




                                     24
Looking Forward

•   System Interoperability

•   Cross-Organizational Interfaces and Decision Making Processes

•   Software Architecture and Lifecycle

•   Horizontal Technical Coordination and Integration

•   Architecture Cost-benefit Analysis

•   Developing NASA-Wide Architecting Process
     – Levels and Stages (Definition, Description and Design)

•   Architecture Performance and Evaluation

•   Integration of Architecture with Requirements and ConOps

•   Implementation Follow-up
Credits



   Thanks to System Concepts Integration and
    Planning (SCIP) Project Management for
         allowing this work to flourish



Credit to Wes Eddy, Katy Kafantaris, Jeffrey Hayden, and Eric
       Knoblock for supporting this presentation package

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How to Architect Family of Complex Space Systems and Networks?

  • 1. Systems Architecture Products Capturing SCaN Legacy Networks in Architecture Diagrams and Documents Constellation Orion-to-ISS Mission NASA Lunar Mission and Communication Networks SCaN Future Architecture “Architecture is a creative art, even if it is based on an existing legacy system. It is not only for engineering or construction guidance, but it also has to provide insight, intent, and vision, so that it can guide the system in moving forward through continual evolution.” Dr. Yan Zhao; CGI Federal Director for Enterprise and Solutions Architecture 1
  • 2. Capturing SCaN Legacy Networks in Architecture Diagrams and Documents 2
  • 3. SCaN “As Is” Architecture All-View Diagram 3
  • 4. Deep Space Network (DSN) Operational Node Connectivity (OV-2)
  • 5. Deep Space Network (DSN) Operational Information Exchange Matrix (OV-3) Need-line Informa-tion Information Element Producer Consumer Identifier Exchange Name Identifier Sending OpActivity Name and Receiving Op Node Name and Sending Op Node Name and Receiving Op Activity Name and Identifier Language Accuracy Identifier Identifier Identifier Scope 1 1a Customer Spacecraft Analysis of Customer Support Service DSN Operations Support Service Data Customer Mission Planning & Center Preparation (3) Requirements Operations Scheduling (2) 1 1b Planning & Conflict Customer Support Service DSN Operations Support Service Scheduling Request Resolution, DSN Mission Planning & Center Preparation (3) Resource Operations Scheduling (2) Allocation 1 1c Service Schedule Conflict resolution Customer Support Service DSN Operations Support Service Updates and realtime DSN Mission Planning & Center Preparation (3) operations Operations Scheduling (2) 2 2a Resource Specs, Customer gains DSN Operations Support Service Customer Support Service Availability & Status understanding of Center Planning & Mission Preparation (3) DSN assets and Scheduling (2) Operations services 2 2b DSN Schedules Long Range DSN Operations Support Service Customer Support Service (years), Mid Center Planning & Mission Preparation (3) Range (8-weeks) Scheduling (2) Operations and Short Range (7-day) 2 2c Accountability All customer DSN Operations Assess Quality & Customer Reports deliverables Center Performance (5) Mission including real- Operations time and post- pass deliverable
  • 6. Near Earth Network (NEN) Systems Communications Description (SV-2)
  • 7. Space Network (SN) Systems Functional Flow (SV-4) 7
  • 9. SCaN Concept of Operations CEV-ISS Missions • Prelaunch • Launch/Ascent • Low Earth Orbit (LEO) • ISS Operations • Return to Earth • Recovery 9
  • 10. System Communications Description (SV-2) CEV-ISS Mission, Rendezvous-Docking Phase 10
  • 11. SCaN Network Navigation Architecture CEV-ISS Mission, Rendezvous-Docking Phase 11
  • 12. End-to-End IP Network Architecture The Constellation Project has established the initiative to extend communication infrastructures based on IP protocol from ground segment to flight/space segment to achieve interoperability among its elements. SCaN Networks can accommodate IP Service Interfaces to CxP systems. Orion MS IP service interface Applications Cx Router Applications SCaN NISN NISN Earth Data Exchange Networks Data Exchange Transport SN Transport Network IP Network IP Network IP Network IP Data Link DL DL DL DL DL DL Data Link PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY 12
  • 13. NASA Lunar Mission and Communication Networks 13
  • 14. LRS ISRU Rover Power Science Station EVAs EVAs Beacons LSAM Habitat CEV LSAM EVAs LCT LRS MCC LRS NCC & LMOC Lunar Communication and Navigation Systems LGTs All-View Diagram 14
  • 15. Lunar Communication and Navigation Systems (LCNS) Operational Node Connectivity (OV-2) Traverse Monitors, Voice CEV to/from Moon Video Coordinates MCC Data Directs & Control LSAM Land on Archive Monitoring Moon Telemetry Schedules Tracking Ephemerides Status Data Rovers Tracking Navigation Tour Beacons Manage Networks ENCC EVA Provide Provide Analysis & ephemeris services Astronauts. Status, Voice, Robot Astronaut Video, Data Support & Data Data Explore Schedules Telemetry Control Ephemerides Status Data Telemetry Habitat Provide Centralized Habitation Manage links LMOC Facilities Status Ephemerides LCNS C/N Provide Local Directives Lunar Surface Tracking Terminal Directives Status Communication Data Data Timing And LRS Access Control Telemetry Telemetry Data Science Analyze Lunar Ground ISRU Make Fuel Antenna Terminals Power LCNS Lunar Provide Relay System Power LCNS Internal Other Users LCNS Users
  • 16. Lunar Communication and Navigation Systems (LCNS) System Communications Description (SV-2) Earth Space Lunar Surface «operations» «human» MCC «human» «system» «human» «system» 35* EVAs • SMD EVAs Vehicles 32* CEV 14 - S • pressurized EVAs • Gov Agencies • Int’l Partners «system» • open Beacon 36* • 3 or more 33* 13 4 -S 37* 1 -S 4 units 3, ,4 34* «operations» 42 «system» LMOC «system» Robots 24 - 802.1 LSAM • science , .16, Optical • construction S Surface 02.11 a, -K 2 Networks 38* 1, .16, - 15 16 25 - 8 6, 12 «operations a, S , .1 11 - Ka, S -K 7-K . 11 39 a, » 1 02 ,4 «system» S - 8 0, LCNS «system» 26 LSAM 41 Network 18 - Ka, S -S LRS 3 Ka, S 10 - K -S 4 a, S «system» 27 29* u 5 LCT 30* 9-K «system» 28* 31* LGT 1 19 «system» -S 6 «system» LRS 23 7 ISRU(s) -1 «systems» 20 2 1* 0G E Wired -S «system» Crosslink 8 «system» LGT 2 Habitat * «system» Power 22 LGT 3 Wire *802.11, .16 *802.11, .16 16
  • 17. Moon/Earth Space Network OV-2 diagrams networked together to form a System View (SV-4) Lunar Orbit Nodal Region Lunar Surface Nodal Region Scenario: Human on EVA on Moon Conversing with Scientist at GSFC GN Ground Station Nodal Region 17
  • 18. Crew Exploration Vehicle System to System Connections (SV-2) 18
  • 19. Crew Exploration Vehicle Science Capture Functional Description (SV-4) DV Still Headsets Microphones Camera Camera Sensor Analog Audio Data Control MPEG JPEG VoIP Conversion Route Space Control Earth Wireless VoIP Relay on 802.15 Data (WLAN) 802.11 Routing 1G Ethernet Wall Tables Displays Ethernet Routing RF RF Transmit Science Processing Collection Requirements Data Processing Science Data Collection Science Data Transport Storage Science Sequence 19
  • 21. SCaN Integrated Communication Architecture All-View Diagram Titan Neptune Saturn Uranus Pluto Charon Jupiter SCaN  ¸ Mars Integrated  Service  Portal ISS MCC NISN Cx MCC Antenna  Array Venus SCaN µwave SCaN Optical NISN Sun Mercury 21
  • 22. Future SCaN Network System Interfaces Diagram 22
  • 23. Future SCaN Network Customer/Systems Operational Relationship
  • 24. Future SCaN Network Operational Activities Flow (OV-5) 24
  • 25. Looking Forward • System Interoperability • Cross-Organizational Interfaces and Decision Making Processes • Software Architecture and Lifecycle • Horizontal Technical Coordination and Integration • Architecture Cost-benefit Analysis • Developing NASA-Wide Architecting Process – Levels and Stages (Definition, Description and Design) • Architecture Performance and Evaluation • Integration of Architecture with Requirements and ConOps • Implementation Follow-up
  • 26. Credits Thanks to System Concepts Integration and Planning (SCIP) Project Management for allowing this work to flourish Credit to Wes Eddy, Katy Kafantaris, Jeffrey Hayden, and Eric Knoblock for supporting this presentation package