Different settings in counselling

1. Counselling in School
Setting
Basic Counselling in Social Work
Assignment-2
Jwaneeta Marcel P.S
19/USWA/146

2. Among the various services of guidance programme organised by the
educational institutions or schools ‘counselling service’ has a vital role to
play. It is the most prominent aspect of guidance which conveys the
meaning of guidance in different situations for different services. School
counselling is a professional service offered in the school for students,
and their families. School counselling takes place in public and private
school settings in grades K-12. Counselling is designed to facilitate student
achievement, improve student behavior and attendance, and help students
develop socially.
Meaning of School Counselling

3. DEFINITION
According to Brewer, “Educational guidance is
a conscious effort to assist in the intellectual
growth of individual- anything that has to do
with instruction or learning may come under
the term of guidance.”
Jones clarified, “Educational guidance is the
assistance given to the pupils in their choices
and adjustments with relation to schools,
curriculums, courses and school life.”

4. 1917: Specific legislation is drafted to provide funding for vocational guidance programs. Following this,
the school guidance counselling profession grows.
1920s: New York becomes the first state to develop certification requirements for school counselors.
1930s: Urban elementary schools begin to offer school counselling services.
1950s: The humanistic psychology and person-centered psychology movements gaining traction lead
the focus of school counselling to undergo a significant shift.
1970s: School counselling incorporates wider goals of helping students develop socially, personally, and
academically.
1990s: A nationwide shift toward standards-based education and the adoption of legislation such as
the No Child Left Behind Act make it necessary for school counsellors to find increasingly innovative
ways to serve students.
In the early 20th century, as industrial centers grew throughout the United States, secondary schools began
to increase their focus on courses that would help prepare students to enter the workforce. Some teachers
doubled as vocational counsellors in order to assist in these efforts.
HISTORY OF SCHOOL COUNSELLING
HISTORY OF SCHOOL COUNSELLING
HISTORY OF SCHOOL COUNSELLING

5. PROVIDING INSTRUCTION ON PSYCHOLOGICAL
AND SOCIAL ISSUES
School counsellors might teach sex education
classes, provide information to students about
bullying, or offer seminars on study skills.
COUNSELLING
School counselors often help students mediate
conflicts with their peers, teachers, or parents. Many
school counselors also provide short-term counseling
services to students during school hours.
VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE
Many school counselors help students prepare
for college or select careers.
EARLY INTERVENTION.
School counsellors receive training about learning
difficulties and psychological concerns that commonly
manifest in children and adolescents. They may also provide
referrals, recommendations, and education to parents about
mental health concerns.
SPECIAL NEEDS SERVICES
Counselors often help special needs students integrate
into classrooms and may oversee programs that address
requirements for students with special needs or learning
difficulties.
WHAT DO SCHOOL COUNSELLORS DO?

6. To give the student information on matters
important to success
To get information about student which will be of
help in solving his problems
To establish a feeling of mutual understanding
between student and teacher
To help the student work out a plan for solving his
difficulties
To help the student know himself better – his
interests, abilities, aptitudes and opportunities
To encourage and develop special abilities and
right attitudes
To inspire successful endeavor toward attainment
To assist the student in planning for educational
and vocational choices.
OBJECTIVES
OF STUDENT
COUNSELLING

7. Characteristics of guidance
1) It is promotion of the growth of the individual in self-direction.
2) It is the process of helping the individual in effecting changes in him.
3) It helps the individual himself through his own efforts.
4) It assists an individual to find his place.
5) It is helping the individual to establish harmonious relationships.
6) It is assisting the individual to adjust himself.
7) It is helping the individual in making appropriate educational, vocational and personal
choices.
8) Its programme and content is organised.
9) It consists of specialised services – counselling, educational and vocational
information placement and follow up.
10) Its programme is an integral part of the school system.
11) It is helping an individual to identify and develop his potentialities and talent.

8. FUNCTIONS OF EDUCATIONAL COUNSELLING
M A K I N G A G O O D
B E G I N N I N G
This aims at preventing
drop-outs, highlighting
the incentives of good
education, thus paving
way for a good
educational beginning
for the child.
P L A N N I N G
I N T E L L I G E N T L Y
The counselor provides
the opportunity to
children to explore his
abilities, aptitudes and
interests, and relate
them to the courses
available in secondary
school.
S E C O N D A R Y S T A G E
It acquaints students
with the nature and
purpose of senior
secondary school
curriculum through class
talks, and exploratory or
try-out courses when
possible.
I M P R O V E M E N T I N T H E
M E T H O D O F S T U D Y
Wherever required, the
counselor may suggest
important improvements
in the study method of
the individual. These may
include mode of taking
notes, mode of reading,
mode of memorising.

9. Academic
support,
including
organizational,
study, and
test-taking
skills
Goal setting
and decision-
making
Career
awareness,
exploration
and planning
Peer
relationships,
coping
strategies,
and effective
social skills
Communicati
on, problem-
solving, and
conflict
resolution
Sex education
Individual and
small-group
counselling
Individual/family
/school crisis
intervention
Education on
understanding
self and others
Conflict
resolution
Consultation/
collaboration
Referrals
Substance
abuse
education
Professional
development
Consultation,
collaboration
and teaming
Program
management
and operation
School counsellors implement the counselling
program by providing the following

10. PARENTS
TEACHERS
STUDENTS
SCHOOL COUNSELORS
COLLABORATE WITH

11. Parents
Parent education
Communication/networking
Academic planning
Behaviour management
College/career awareness programs
One-on-one parent conferencing
Interpretation of assessment results

12. Teachers
Classroom guidance activities
Behavioral management plans
Identification and implementation of interventions
Administrators
School climate
Behavioral management plans
School-wide needs assessments
Student data and results
Student assistance team building

13. Students
Peer education
Life skills education
Peer support
Academic support
Leadership development
Crisis interventions
Referrals
Support groups
Career education

14. TYPES OF COUNSELLING
IN SCHOOL SETTING
EDUCATIONAL
COUNSELLING
CAREER
COUNSELLING
INDIVIDUAL
COUNSELLING
GROUP
COUNSELLING

15. Students engaging in
Substance Abuse
Students witnessing
Domestic Violence
Students coping with
Divorce/Separation of
Parents
Students with
Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder
Gifted Students Students with
Physical Disabilities
INDIVIDUAL COUNSELING
Despite counseling in groups, there are many specific students who require the undivided
attention and focus of the counselor. These students may include the following groups:

16. Thank you!