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Presentation skills
Notes By
Junaid Amjed
Lect. Junaid Amjed
IMIT College, Faisalabad
junaidamjed@gmail.com
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Presentation:
A presentation is a means of communication
which can be adapted to various speaking situations,
such as talking to a group, addressing a meeting or
briefing a team.
A presentation can also be used as a broad
term that encompasses other ‘speaking engagements’
such as making a speech at a wedding, or getting a
point across in a video conference.
To be effective, step-by-step preparation and the
method and means of presenting the information
should be carefully considered.
A presentation requires you to get a message
across to the listeners and will often contain a
'persuasive' element. It may, for example, be a talk
about the positive work of your organization, what you
could offer an employer, or why you should receive
additional funding for a project.
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Presentation Skills
As we know a presentation is the process of speaking or
delivering a topic to an audience. It is typically a demonstration,
introduction, lecture, or speech meant to inform, persuade, or build
good will. One must learn some skills to give great presentations.
Following are the steps include in preparing effective presentation:
• Plan/Agenda
• Prepare
• Practice
• Present
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Plan and Agenda
•Preparation and Practice
•Tone and Body Language
•Perfect PowerPoint
•Flipcharts and Whiteboards
•Dealing with questions and interruptions
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Preparation and Practice
• Practicing your speech is essential
For this, you need to master essential public speaking skills and build
up experience doing so.
So, while practice you won’t necessarily make you perfect, you will
reap significant benefits by practicing your speech at least a couple times
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• Gauge your energy level
Does delivering this speech fire you up? Or are you bored with
it? Find out the best topic that inspires and boosts your own mood.
• Gauge your timing
Once you get more experienced, you will learn how many words
can fit in a 10-minute time slot. Until then, however, practicing the
complete speech is the best way to know if you are under or over time.
• Reduce nervousness
Rehearsing even one time will improve your confidence in your
material.
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Remember

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Tone and Body Language
• Movement and gestures
When it comes to using body language, you should be asking yourself: "How
can I use movement and gestures to be effective in my presentation?" Here's an
easy formula to remember, one that will help you avoid sleepy audience
NODS: Neutral, Open, Defined, and Strong.
You should begin in a neutral position with hands at your sides (it may feel awkward at first, but
it looks fine). That keeps you open to your audience, so that influence flows freely in both
directions. Gesture sparingly, using defined or "clean" hand movements; and make them strong.
Follow the NODS formula and your upper body movement will always support and amplify what
you say.
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Perfect PowerPoint
Dealing with Objects and technology.
Good presenters use props, and bad ones are used by their props. This isn't
just a joke. Inexperienced performers are embarrassed by a property—a pen, a
glass, even a pointer stick. Solid professionals, on the other hand, understand
that the prop exists to help them define their character for the audience. So
they use it in a way only that character would.
When you deal with objects in a presentation, from a remote clicker to a
handout to the slide screen itself, find a way to help that object further your
message and its impact. The object is there for a reason.
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Flipcharts and Whiteboards
If available, whiteboards are good for developing an explanation, diagrams
and simple headings, and for recording interaction with, and comments from, the
audience during brainstorming sessions.
Remember that writing on a whiteboard takes time and that you will have to
turn your back to the audience to do so. If using a whiteboard, you should ensure
that your handwriting is legible, aligned horizontally, and is sufficiently large to be
seen by all the audience.
A flip chart is a popular, low cost, low tech solution to recording interactive
meetings and brainstorming sessions.
A flip chart can be prepared in advance and is portable, it requires no power
source and no technical expertise. Flip charts are ideal for collecting ideas and
responses from the audience and are good for spontaneous summaries. However,
if the audience is large, a flip chart will be too small to be seen by everyone.
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Dealing With Interruptions and Questions
As a professional speaker, you’ll inevitably face interruptions during your
presentations. They won’t happen every time, but they will happen. Whatever the
case, you must know how to handle interruptions on the fly when they occur—
without letting anything stop you in your tracks. Keep these tips in mind:
• Know your vulnerabilities and prepare for them. Anticipate the five or six most difficult
questions you may face, and know how to counter them concisely.
• If possible, meet several audience members before the presentation to establish a human
connection. This makes them less likely to interrupt later, especially with hostile questions.
• At the beginning of your presentation, ask your host to ask the audience to please turn off their
cell phones and explain how questions will be handled (during, periodically, or at the end).
• Try to use humor to defuse the situation. A lighthearted, witty retort works better than losing
your temper or refusing to answer.
• Stick to your guns. Don’t let anyone divert you, make you look uncertain or clueless, or steal
the show.
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11.
Prepare
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Remember that without preparation you cant do anything. When it comes to
presenting in front of people keep these things in mind.
• Structure
• Visual Aids
• Voice
• Appearance
• Questions

12.
Structure
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Write your presentation in this order.
• Objective
• Beginning or introduction
• Main content
• Summary, conclusion and recommendations
• Questions
Introduction
Grab the
Audience
Attention
Main Theme
Content Should
be Relevant
to Topic
Summary/ Conclusion
Key Message / Questions

13.
Visual Aids
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• Use simple fonts, colors and graphs
• Use images and clipart.
• 3 to 7 bullets per slide.
• Don’t over crowd your slides, it will not look professional.
• New or different visual aids wake people up.

14.
Voice
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• Louder and clear than your normal pitch.
• Vary pitch and volume.
• Over emphasis

15.
Appearance
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• Dark colors read as businesslike.
• Wear comfortable shoes to weight your feet evenly.
• Allow yourself to move a bit.
• Look confident.

16.
Question
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• Sketch an idea that what kind of questions
audience may ask.
• Prepare Yourself.

17.
Practice
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• Rehearse all points what you prepare.
• Rehearse with all visual aids and
handouts.
• Practice again and again to manage time.
• Rehearse in front of mirror or a friend.

18.
Present
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• Make a strong start.
• Engage the audience in first 2-3 minutes.
• Show your passion through your movements and gestures.
• Make an eye contact.
• Don’t forget to smile as well, unless your topic is very grim.