Consecutive 2.0: How to use your tablet for consecutive interpreting (IAPTI Presentation, 2015)

Consecu(ve*2.0!!
How!to!use!your!tablet!for!
consecu1ve!interpre1ng!!
Josh!Goldsmith!
@Goldsmith_Josh!
September!6,!2015!
3rd!IAPTI!Conference,!Bordeaux!

FACULTÉ DE TRADUCTION
ET D’INTERPRÉTATION
A!few!ques1ons!
Have!you!ever!used!a!tablet?!
!
Who!uses!a!tablet!regularly?!
!What!do!you!use!it!for?!
!
Who!uses!a!tablet!in!their!
interpre1ng!work!in!some!way?!
!(Prepara1on,!in!the!
!booth,!etc.)!

A!few!ques1ons!
Who!uses!a!tablet!for!preparing!
conferences?!
!How?!
!
Who!uses!a!tablet!in!the!booth?!
!How?!
!
Who!has!used!a!tablet!for!
consecu1ve!interpre1ng?!
!How?!

Your!average!notepad!
What!features!are!you!looking!for!in!a!consec!notepad?!
!
!
•  Size?!
•  Ver1cal!or!horizontal?!
•  Lined!or!unlined?!
•  Margin!line?!
!

Your!average!wri1ng!utensil!
What!features!are!you!looking!for!in!the!wri1ng!utensil(s)!?!
!
!
•  What!wri1ng!utensils!do!you!use?!
•  Speed?!
•  Color?!
•  Smudging?!
!
!

Some!recommenda1ons!Reproduced from Gillies (2005, pp. 15-16)
Reporter's notepad
10 x 15cm* A convenient size. Big enough for
clear notes, small enough to carry
around.
Spiral bound from top Pages turn easily and never get lost,
dropped or mixed up.
Firm sheet of card as the back page You will often have to take notes and
speak standing up. Try doing either
of these with a floppy notepad!
Plain pages, or with lines or squares
as feint [sic] as possible
What you write must be clearly
visible on the paper you are using.
Write on one side of the paper only. The order of the pages gets very
confusing if you don't
Biro
Writes quickly, smoothly, clearly and
quietly.
Some interpreters use pencils but
fountain pens, felt tips and roller
balls are a No-No. They are slow to
write with, and prone to running out
and smudging.
Several spares If it can run out it will. Bring a spare,
or two!
The ink must be clearly visible on
the paper you are using.

Your!thoughts!on!going!2.0!
And!if!we!were!to!use!tablets!
for!noteXtaking…!
!
What!can!you!imagine!the!pros!
might!be?!
!
What!concerns!might!you!have?!

Time!for!a!volunteer…!

My!favorites!

But!there!are!lots!of!op1ons…!

Research!Methodology!
•  EXPLORATORY,!MULTIXPHASE!MIXED!METHODS!RESEARCH!to!
•  Map!the!field!of!those!using!tablets!for!consecu1ve!interpre1ng!
•  Develop!an!instrument!for!assessing!different!tools!(Creswell!&!Clark!2006)!
•  SAMPLE!
•  members!of!professional!interpre1ng!associa1ons!
•  snowball!sampling:!locate!members!of!hardXtoXfind!popula1ons!(Burke!
Johnson!&!Christensen,!2013).!!
•  SEMIXSTRUCTURED!INXDEPTH!INTERVIEWS!
•  Develop!detailed!descrip1ons,!present!mul1ple!perspec1ves,!describe!
process,!understand!a!situa1on!from!the!inside!(Weiss,!1994).!!
•  Answers!“are!rich!and!thick!with!qualita1ve!data”!(Turner,!2010,!p.!756).!!
•  Skype™,!Google!Hangouts™,!Ecamm!Call!Recorder!for!Skype™,!Voice!Record!
•  Informed!consent!
•  INDUCTIVE!THEMATIC!ANALYSIS!
•  Transcribe!interviews!and!induc1vely!derive!categories!(Kvale,!1996)!
•  Coded!with!NVivo™!(CAQDAS!program)!

Respondents!
•  6!respondents,!all!members!of!one!of!more!professional!
associa1ons!
•  Age:!30!–!56!
•  Professional!domicile:!Europe!and!United!States!
•  Professional!markets:!Europe,!U.S.A.,!Mexico!
•  All!had!retour,!some!had!addi1onal!passive!languages!
•  5!freelance,!1!staﬀ!interpreter!
•  Experience:!8!–!30!years!(avg.!18.5!years)!
•  Consecu1ve!days!per!month:!0.25!–!22!(avg.!15!days*)!
•  Tablet!interpre1ng!experience:!1!–!4!years!(avg.!2!years)!
•  Number!of!assignments!used:!1!X!1000!(avg.!86*)!

Interpreters!are!using!tablets!for!
consecu1ve!in!a!variety!of!sepngs!
Settings (Categories based on Mikkelson!(2009),!Torikai,!2006,!2009;!Thiery,!2000)!
Respondent 1 2 3 4 5 6
Conference*interpre(ng x x x x
Legal*/*court*interpre(ng x x x x
Medical*interpre(ng x x
Media*interpre(ng x x
Business*interpre(ng x x
Diploma(c*interpre(ng x x
Community*interpre(ng x
Interpreter*training x x x x x

They’re!using!a!variety!of!devices…!
Tablets and other devices used
Respondent Tablet(s) WiFiKenabled 3G/4GKenabled
1 iPad®!2 yes yes
2 iPad!Air® yes yes
3 iPad!Air® yes no
7"!Android™!tablet yes no
4 Samsung!Galaxy!Note®!10.1 yes no
5 Samsung!Galaxy!Note®!8 yes no
6 Galaxy!phone yes yes
iPad®! yes yes
iPad!!mini™ yes yes
Surface™!Pro yes yes

applica1ons…!
Applications used
Respondent Applica(on Tablet*/*Environment
1 Bamboo™!Paper iPad®!/!iOS
Penul1mate!(Evernote®) iPad®!/!iOS
Paper!by!FiwyThree™!(*tes1ng) iPad®!/!iOS
2 TopNotes iPad®!/!iOS
3 Penul1mate!(Evernote®) iPad®!/!iOS
4 S!Note Samsung!/!Android™
OneNote® Surface™!/!Windows®
Penul1mate!(Evernote®) iPad®!/!iOS
Notability® iPad®!/!iOS
AudioNote iPad®!/!iOS

…and!styluses!
Styluses used
Respondent Stylus Tablet*/*Environment BluetoothKenabled?
1 Bamboo™ iPad®!/!iOS no
2 Bamboo™ iPad®!/!iOS no
* BoxWave iPad®!/!iOS no
3 Cosmonaut iPad®!/!iOS no
Pencil!by!FiwyThree™ iPad®!/!iOS yes
4 S!Pen Samsung!/!Android™ no
Aponyo!Click iPad®!/!iOS no
Cosmonaut iPad®!/!iOS no
Bamboo™ iPad®!/!iOS no
Surface™!Pen Surface™!/!Windows® yes

Interpreters!find!tablet!interpre1ng!effec1ve!
Effectiveness of tablets
Respondent Less*effec(ve Equally*effec(ve More*effec(ve
1 x
2 x
3 x
4 x
5 x
6 x

Though!they!do!have!some!concerns…!
Interpreters' concerns about tablet interpreting
1 2 3 4 5 6
Reluctant/afraid!to!try!something!new x x
Learning!curve x x x x
Fear!of!damaging!tablet x x
Cost x
Slower!wri1ng!speed x
More!stressful! x
Fear!of!technological!failure! x x x
Baxery!life x x x
Technology!s1ll!immature x

Preference!for!trusty!pen!and!paper…!
SeTngKspecific*reasons*to*prefer*pen*and*paper*over*tablets
Ergonomics
Technology*
moving equipment!not!prepared
standing reliability!and!baxery!life
cumbersome!/!uncomfortable!to!hold worried!about!breaking!tablet
Difficulty*/*stakes Environment
high!stakes crowds!of!people
at!a!trial!/!in!court outdoors
very!difficult poor!visibility!/!!glare
very!fast less!formal!sepng!where!fewer!notes!needed
*****************************************************************************************Clients*
fear!of!adverse!client!reac1ons clients!unfamiliar!with!technology
clients!already!mistrust!other!languages working!with!unknown!client
confiden1ality!/!clients!request!notes!or!pad!

And!clients!like!it,!too…for!the!most!part!!
Client reactions to tablet interpreting
posi1ve!reac1on!/!impressed
excellent!reac1on
looks!cool!/!novelty
looks!(more)!professional
sets!interpreter!aside!as!memorable
curious
do!not!ques1on!it
less!complaints!than!before
logical:!they!use!it!too
less!educated/techXsavvy!clients!might!take!it!the!wrong!way
do!not!realize!interpreter!is!taking!notes
fear!about!conﬁden1ality
fear!interpreter!is!unfocused!/!chea1ng

Pros!and!cons!of!tablet!interpre1ng!
Pros and cons of tablet interpreting
Technical*advantages Technical*disadvantages
Access!to!reference!materials Baxery!life
Buxon!with!extra!features!in!stylus Crashes
Cloud!backup!and!accessibility Inadvertently!hit!menu!buxons?
Cut!and!paste Mul1ple!cables!needed
Email!and!print!notes Need!to!prepare!equipment
Embed!notes
Eraser
Internet!connec1vity
Password!protec1on
Split!screen
Unlimited!ink!and!paper

Pros!and!cons!of!tablet!interpre1ng!(2)!
Visual*advantages Visual*disadvantages
Custom!paper Difficult!to!find!place!when!scrolling
Mul1ple!ink!colors!+!pen!styles!in!one!stylus Hard!to!see!in!some!environmental!condi1ons
Variety!of!paper!types Inaccurate/imprecise!wri1ng
Ver1cal!scrolling Unwanted!marks
Zoom!(increase!wri1ng!size)
Zoom!(see!mul1ple!pages!at!once)
Physical*advantages Physical*disadvantages
Less!cumbersome Cumbersome!when!standing,!moving
Lightweight!and!small Different!wri1ng!posi1on

Pros!and!cons!of!tablet!interpre1ng!(3)!
Client*rela(ons*K*advantages Client*rela(ons*K*disadvantages
Impresses!clients Conﬁden1ality!concerns
Sets!interpreter!aside!as!memorable Clients!mistrust/unfamiliar!with!technology
Looks!more!professional Clients!fear!interpreter!is!unfocused!/!chea1ng
Less!no1ceable!page!turns
Quieter!than!paper
Other*advantages Other*disadvantages
Environmentally!friendly Addi1onal!stress!(fear!of!crashing!/!breaking)
Facilitates!prepara1on Cost
Storage!and!organiza1on!of!notes Lack!of!training!courses
Learning!curve
Possible!distrac1on

A!few!more!demonstra1ons!

Time!for!another!volunteer…!

So!you!want!to!buy!a!tablet…!
Features to consider when assessing a tablet
Ability!to!disable!mul1tasking!gestures Not!likely!to!crash!
Appropriate!size Portable
Baxery!life Professional!appearance
Boot!1me! Quick!learning!curve
BuiltXin!wrist!protec1on Reliable
Comfort Runs!smoothly!and!quickly
Compa1bility!with!reference!materials Smooth!wri1ng
Cost Split!screen!func1onality
Durability Suﬃcient!memory
Filing!and!organizing!capabili1es USB!port
Internet!access!/!3G!/!4G Visible!screen
Limited!number!of!cables Weight

Or!pick!out!an!app…!
Features to consider when assessing a note-taking application
Bookmarks!/!inXapp!naviga1on Pairs!with!stylus
Clear!and!easy!to!read Palm!rejec1on/wrist!protec1on
Cloud!backup!available Quality!of!handwri1ng!recogni1on
Comfortable!to!use Quick!color!/!thickness!changes
Connec1vity!with!other!applica1ons Reliability
Conversion!to!text Smooth!wri1ng
Cost Speed!of!page!turns
Custom!paper Split!screen!func1onality
Cut!and!paste Stable!build!/!limited!crashing
Easy!erasing Variable!stroke!thickness
Easy!ﬁling,!reference,!and!organiza1on Variety!of!ink!colors
Embed!other!ﬁles!into!notepad Ver1cal!scrolling
Experience!mirrors!wri1ng!on!paper Visualize!mul1ple!pages!simultaneously
Horizontal!page!turns Wri1ng!speed
InXapp!access!to!dic1onaries!/!reference!
materials!/!internet! Zoom

Or!a!stylus!
Features to consider when assessing a stylus
Buxon!with!added!func1ons Natural!hand!posi1on
!Charges!via!USB Pairs!with!special!apps
!Clip Professional!look
!Comfortable!to!hold Replaceable!baxeries
Compa1ble!with!all!apps Replacement!nibs!available?
Cost Size!mirrors!pen?
Durability Sower/rubbery!nib?
FineX1pped!nib? "Spring"!on!screen
Glides!well Wri1ng!speed
Hew Wri1ng!feel!(natural)
Integra1on!with!tablet Wri1ng!volume!(silent)
Lodges!inside!tablet

Other!interes1ng!technology!
!!!Tablet!interpreter!manual! Digital!pen!/!SimXConsec™!
!
!!!!!!!Rocket!book!–!microwavable!
notebook!
!
iSketchnote!–!digi1zes!notes!as!you!
write!
!

Ques1ons?!
jg@joshgoldsmith.com!
Joshua.Goldsmith@unige.ch!
@Goldsmith_Josh!
!
!

!References!
Burke!Johnson,!R.!&!Christensen,!L.B.!(2013).!Educa&onal*research:*Quan&ta&ve,*qualita&ve,*and*mixed*approaches!(3rd!ed.).!
Thousand!Oaks,!CA:!Sage.!
Creswell,!J.!W.,!&!Clark,!V.!L.!P.!(2006).!Designing*and*conduc&ng*mixed*methods*research!(1st!ed.).!Thousand!Oaks,!California:!SAGE!
Publica1ons.!
Drechsel,!A.!(2013).!The!tablet!interpreter.!Retrieved!from!hxp://vkdblog.files.wordpress.com/2013/03/table1nterpreterXpublic.pdf!
Gillies,!A.!(2005).!Note<taking*for*consecu&ve*interpre&ng:*A*short*course.!Oxford:!Alden!Press.!
Kvale,!S.!(1996).!InterViews:*An*introduc&on*to*qualita&ve*research*methodology.*Thousand!Oaks,!CA:!Sage.!
Mikkelson,!H.!(2009).!Interpre1ng!is!interpre1ng:!Or!is!it?!The*AIIC*Webzine*(52).!Retrieved!from!
hxp://aiic.net/page/3356/interpre1ngXisXinterpre1ngXorXisXit/lang/1.!!
NavarroXHall,!E.!(2013,!November!3).!SimXConsecTM!Workshops.![Video!file].!Retrieved!from!
hxps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DDyi1keov8A.!
NavarroXHall,!E.!(2014,!June!25).!Esther*Navarro<Hall*:*Sim<Consec™*con*smartpen![Audio!podcast].!Retrieved!from!
hxp://www.ivoox.com/estherXnavarroXhallXsimXconsecXsmartpenXaudiosXmp3_rf_3254210_1.html.!
Orlando,!M.!(2013).!Interpre1ng!training!and!digital!pen!technology.!Interpreter*Stories:*The*AIIC*Webzine!(62).!Retrieved!from!
hxp://aiic.net/issues/310/2013/interpretersXrealityXandXfic1onX62.!
Thiery,!C.!(2010).!La!carrière!d’interprète!vous!tenteXtXelle!?*The*AIIC*Webzine.*Retrieved!from!
hxp://aiic.net/page/214/laXcarriereXdXinterpreteXvousXtenteXtXelle/lang/2.!
Torikai,!K.!(2006).!Diploma1c!interpreters!in!the!PostXWorld!War!II!Japan:!Voices!of!the!invisible!presence!in!foreign!rela1ons.!
(Unpublished!doctoral!disserta1on).!University!of!Southampton.!
Torikai,!K.!(2009).!Voices*of*the*invisible*presence.!Amsterdam/Philadelphia:!John!Benjamins.!!
Turner,!D.W.,!III.!(2010).!Qualita1ve!interview!design:!A!prac1cal!guide!for!novice!inves1gators.!The*Qualita&ve*Report,!(15.3),!
754X760.!
Weiss,!N.!(1994).!Learning*from*strangers:*The*art*and*method*of*qualita&ve*interview*studies.!New!York:!Free!Press.!

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