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Jong Bagay
De La Salle University Dasmarinas
From The Nature of Philosophical Inquiry, by Robert O Johann,
Readings in Philosophy of Man,Vol 1 Ateneo de Manila University,
1984
Ontological- because in philosophy knowing does
not only imply the veil between us and reality, but
a progressive discerning of its nature.
Pragmatism- because philosophy views thematic
knowledge as an instrumental function of
experience aimed at the transformation of
knowledge through testing via consequence and
validity by their success.
What does inquiry mean?
It is man’s effort to integrate his experience as
responsible agent. By experience we mean the
interactive process itself, that is, the human self
in dynamic relation with the whole range of the
other.
1. Man must react and respond to
the external problems around
him, keeping in mind that his
responses will have impact to
both the present as well as to the
future.
2.Man must be aware of the
inadequacies of past habits
which give rise to hesitancy and
uncertainty.
3. Man must be aware of uncertainty.
The uncertainty is a positive and
pervasive quality of the interactive
process itself. It is this incoherence
which calls for inquiry.The
unsureness of an action is not private
and subjective, nor is it merely
negative. It is an all-embracing
situation between man and his
environment.
Communal Life: the responsible self exists and
responds only in a community of selves. Thus
philosophical inquiry includes:
1. Shared experiences. There is cooperative
activity in inquiry. As man lives in a
community he is affected by his culture, thus it
affects the way he sees his problem and his
choice of a solution.
2. A shared experience which creates a
community. Though ones’ experience may be
enough for him to survive, once it is shared,
such experience evolves into a tradition thus
enriching humanity.
3.Considerations beyond common sense. Sooner
or later, man recognizes that common sense(set
of regulative meanings and ways applied to
particular instance) is not enough, hence he
needs to transcend conventionalities to effect
change.
Philosophical inquiry then looks to all
meanings in the experiences of man and his
community, both on their relationships and
quality of life.
It emerges in response to tensions and conflicts
inherent in human life itself.
It lifts life to a level of integrity and coherence
that cannot be reached without it.
Thus Philosophy cannot divorce itself from
the ongoing course of human life and the
actual concerns of man. Because it bears the
quality of life itself, it must begin there and end
there.
But how does one cope with the fact that
culture shapes ones’ outlook in life? Haven’t
philosophers since time immemorial disgareed
with each other due mainly to their differing
cultural miliue? Where have man gone by the
help of philosophical inquiry?
Though it is a fact that no two men are alike in
conviction and points of view, such difference
is the decisive factor in shaping philosophical
convictions.
The ideal of course is the ultimate integration in
universal communion, but man still has a long
way to go with this.
For now, we can only grope towards
communion through dialogue and discussion
in an effort to purify our separate visions.
1.LOGIC: Inquiry should be structured coherently.
One must make sense of what his self-
awareness unfolds of his environment to him.
This means making a logical whole to make sense
of them on the level of thought. This brings about
self-consistency.
2.PHENOMENOLOGY: Logical theoretical
coherence may not be enough and should be
continually tested by what is called
phenomenological adequacy. This means that one
must live his thought. In addition to self-
consistency, an adequate philosophic stance
must also conform with what is disclosed in
direct experience, which a man has and can
become aware of in union with others in the
community.
3.META-PRAGMATICS: philosophical inquiry
must be planned towards the context and
service to human life by controlling its own
conduct of inquiry and by measuring the
adequacy of results. It must formulate an ideal
of human wholeness and should work for
continuous criticism guided by its vision.
 How do you respond to a particular happening
around you?
 Think through your own life: My experience is
a shared experience.
 Why is said that a thinker or a philosopher is
shaped by his own cultural milieu? Is it
inevitable?
 Do you think there really is a need for
philosophical inquiry?

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The nature.of philosophical inquiry

  • 1. Jong Bagay De La Salle University Dasmarinas
  • 2. From The Nature of Philosophical Inquiry, by Robert O Johann, Readings in Philosophy of Man,Vol 1 Ateneo de Manila University, 1984 Ontological- because in philosophy knowing does not only imply the veil between us and reality, but a progressive discerning of its nature. Pragmatism- because philosophy views thematic knowledge as an instrumental function of experience aimed at the transformation of knowledge through testing via consequence and validity by their success.
  • 3. What does inquiry mean? It is man’s effort to integrate his experience as responsible agent. By experience we mean the interactive process itself, that is, the human self in dynamic relation with the whole range of the other.
  • 4. 1. Man must react and respond to the external problems around him, keeping in mind that his responses will have impact to both the present as well as to the future.
  • 5. 2.Man must be aware of the inadequacies of past habits which give rise to hesitancy and uncertainty.
  • 6. 3. Man must be aware of uncertainty. The uncertainty is a positive and pervasive quality of the interactive process itself. It is this incoherence which calls for inquiry.The unsureness of an action is not private and subjective, nor is it merely negative. It is an all-embracing situation between man and his environment.
  • 7. Communal Life: the responsible self exists and responds only in a community of selves. Thus philosophical inquiry includes: 1. Shared experiences. There is cooperative activity in inquiry. As man lives in a community he is affected by his culture, thus it affects the way he sees his problem and his choice of a solution.
  • 8. 2. A shared experience which creates a community. Though ones’ experience may be enough for him to survive, once it is shared, such experience evolves into a tradition thus enriching humanity. 3.Considerations beyond common sense. Sooner or later, man recognizes that common sense(set of regulative meanings and ways applied to particular instance) is not enough, hence he needs to transcend conventionalities to effect change.
  • 9. Philosophical inquiry then looks to all meanings in the experiences of man and his community, both on their relationships and quality of life. It emerges in response to tensions and conflicts inherent in human life itself. It lifts life to a level of integrity and coherence that cannot be reached without it.
  • 10. Thus Philosophy cannot divorce itself from the ongoing course of human life and the actual concerns of man. Because it bears the quality of life itself, it must begin there and end there.
  • 11. But how does one cope with the fact that culture shapes ones’ outlook in life? Haven’t philosophers since time immemorial disgareed with each other due mainly to their differing cultural miliue? Where have man gone by the help of philosophical inquiry?
  • 12. Though it is a fact that no two men are alike in conviction and points of view, such difference is the decisive factor in shaping philosophical convictions. The ideal of course is the ultimate integration in universal communion, but man still has a long way to go with this. For now, we can only grope towards communion through dialogue and discussion in an effort to purify our separate visions.
  • 13. 1.LOGIC: Inquiry should be structured coherently. One must make sense of what his self- awareness unfolds of his environment to him. This means making a logical whole to make sense of them on the level of thought. This brings about self-consistency.
  • 14. 2.PHENOMENOLOGY: Logical theoretical coherence may not be enough and should be continually tested by what is called phenomenological adequacy. This means that one must live his thought. In addition to self- consistency, an adequate philosophic stance must also conform with what is disclosed in direct experience, which a man has and can become aware of in union with others in the community.
  • 15. 3.META-PRAGMATICS: philosophical inquiry must be planned towards the context and service to human life by controlling its own conduct of inquiry and by measuring the adequacy of results. It must formulate an ideal of human wholeness and should work for continuous criticism guided by its vision.
  • 16.  How do you respond to a particular happening around you?  Think through your own life: My experience is a shared experience.  Why is said that a thinker or a philosopher is shaped by his own cultural milieu? Is it inevitable?  Do you think there really is a need for philosophical inquiry?