1.
1

2.
Topic:
2

3.
3
Concept of Plankton and
Concept of Zooplankton
 Polyculture
 Aquaculture

4.
4
Plankton comes from the Greek word
“planktos” which means drifter.
All aquatic microscopic or macroscopic
drifting plants and animals are called plankton
such as- Diatoms, Copepods, Dinoflagellates
All of the floating or drifting life in aquatic
ecology
Drifting or having weak swimming power but
not against current.

5.
5
 Picoplankton (.2-2 µm) bacterioplankton
 Nanoplankton (2 - 20 µm) protozoans
 Microplankton (20-200 µm) diatoms, eggs,
larvae
 Macroplankton (200-2,000 µm) some eggs,
juvenile fish
 Megaplankton (> 2,000 µm) includes
jellyfish, ctenophores, Mola mola

6.
6
Different Size of Plankton

7.
There are two types of plankton:-
1) Phytoplankton - which are
autotrophs (plant-like) Volvox.
2) Zooplankton –
which are heterotrophs
(animal-like) Diaptomus.
1) Phytoplankton
Aquatic microscopic or macroscopic drifting
plants such as Diatoms, Volvox, Anabaena,
Pinnularia, Dinoflagellates, Navicula etc.7
Types of lankton
Phytoplankton is the base of the food chain

8.
Nutrients
at surface
Spring
Diatom
Increase
Zooplankton
Available
sunlight
Winter Spring Summer Fall Winter
ations on the Phytoplankton and Zooplankton in Spring and Sum

9.
Arctic
Temperate
Tropical
Phytoplankton
Phytoplankton
Herbivore
zooplankton
Phytoplankton
Herbivore
zooplankton
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Month

10.
Fig: Diatoms
10

11.
Fig: Volvox
11

12.
Fig: Anabaena
12

13.
Fig: Scenedesmus
13

14.
Fig: Spirulina
14

15.
Aquatic microscopic or macroscopic drifting
animals e.g. Amphlipod, Copepods, Daphnia,
Rotifera, Diaptomus, Nauplus etc.
Nutritional modes of zooplankton:
Herbivores: feed primarily on phytoplankton
Carnivores: feed primarily on other
zooplankton (animals)
Detrivores: feed primarily on dead organic
matter (detritus)
Omnivores: feed on mixed diet of plants and
animals and detritus15

16.
Fig: Amphlipod
16

17.
Fig: Daphnia
17

18.
Fig: Copepod
18

19.
Fig: Diaptomus
19

20.
Fig: Nauplus
20

21.
Fig: Bosmina
21

22.
Polyculture
 Polyculture is the practice of culturing more than one
species of fish in the same pond.
 The basic principal of polyculture is that the cultivation of
various fish species having different food habits.
 To maximize the total production per unit area with the
proper utilization of available food in a pond.
 There should be a compatible combination of species with
diversified feeding habit that should include
surface/column feeders to bottom feeders as well as
omnivorous to macrovegetation feeding fish species.
22

23.
Fig: Illustration of polyculture system in a pond23

24.
24
Aquaculture also known as Aquafarming
It is the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish,
mollusc and aquatic plants.
It involves cultivating freshwater and saltwater
populations under controlled conditions.
Aquaculture refers to the breeding, rearing, and
harvesting of plants and animals in all types of water
environments.

25.
25
Aquaculture fresh water fishes Aquaculture in Marine
fishes
Mollusc Aquatic plants

26.
26

27.
27