3. DEFINITION OF TEACHING
In my mind teaching is not merely
a life work, a profession, an occupation, a
struggle , it is passion.
William Lyon
Teaching refers to activities that
are designed and performed to produce
change in student behavior
Clarke

4. VIEWS

5. P
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O
C
E
E
D

6. P
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O
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D

7. STRUCTURE OF TEACHING

9. LECTURING
Presentation of the content
by the teacher to the students usually
accompanied by some type of visual
aid or hand out.

10. GUIDELINES
GENERAL :
• Try to motivate your students for attending to
your lecture not only in the beginning but to
maintain it throughout.
• Try to make use of the skill of stimulus
variation by introducing the elements like
pausing , changing voice tone , using
gestures and physical movements, adopting
multimedia approach etc.

11. GUIDELINES……
• Don’t waste your time in irrelvant facts and
unrequired detailed explanation
• Don’t turn your lecturing into mere paper
reading or notes dictating task.
• Try to summarize the key points of the
presented material at the end of your lecture.
• Evaluation task at end of the lesson or in mid
course.

12. GUIDELINES……
MOVEMENTS:
• Take centre stage – do not get stuck
in a corner or behind a desk
• Face the audience – do not face the board or
screen when speaking
• Make eye contact with the students in all
sections of the audience.
• Use natural gestures and facial expression -
but try to avoid mannerism

13. GUIDELINES……
• Move around the room – approach people to
get their attention and response
• Avoid blocking the audience’s view - watch
for craning necks

14. GUIDELINES……
SPEECH:
• Slow and clear , and loud enough of
everyone to hear naturally and lively – varied
• Write difficult new words on the board ,
pronounce and explain them

15. GUIDELINES……
INTERACTION:
• Try to interact with all participants – use
name as appropriate
• Ask the question suggested in the text- ask
different participants
• Allow time for the participant to answer- don’t
give answer too quickly –drop hints
• Respond encouragingly and positively to all
answer – correct errors gently

16. GUIDELINES……
• Involve all students- include quiet ones –
control talkative ones
• Avoid discussion which are off point or
distracting – postpone them if necessary
• Try to give satisfactory answers to questions
from participants

17. GUIDELINES……
VISUAL AIDS:
• Have the required aids and equipment ready
– check and arrange them before the session
• Make sure that everyone can see clearly-
arrange the room so that they can point to
what you are taking about on the projector, or
on the screen cover
• Write large and clear on the board

18. GUIDELINES……
USE OF MATERIALS:
• Do not introduce too much extra material –
but give local examples.
• Emphasize important points – do not leave
important point out
• Try to avoid repetition unless really useful
• If you find it necessary to read from the guide
look at the audience sometimes

19. GUIDELINES……
• Consult useful reference books, current
journals.
• In support of your lecturing , you may need to
apply various tactics and techniques like
question and answer, demonstration, use of
black board , use of proper display material
and Av aids .

20. GUIDELINES……
TIME MANAGEMENT:
• Keep to time – not too fast or nor too
slow

21. ADVANTAGES
• Lecture is a method familiar to most teachers
because it was typically the way they were
taught .
• Lecturing is a straightforward way to impart
knowledge to students quickly
• Instructors also have a greater control over
what is being taught in the class room
because they are the sole source of
information

22. ADVANTAGES ……
• A large number of students can be
accommodated at one time.
• It stimulates thinking to open discussion.
• Multiple resources persons, knowledgeable
and with different points of view can interact
with students.
• Allows information of facts ,information and
concepts in a relatively short span of time.

23. CHARACTERISTIC
Educator-student interaction No interaction
Two-way communication One-way communication
Educator-student questions Few questions
Variety of supporting media No supporting media
Shared responsibility for active No student activities
learning
Small group, problem-solving Student depends on educator for all
activities information
Limited note taking required (students Extensive note taking required
have copies of lecture notes)

25. TIPS : To Reduce Presentation Anxiety
• Avoid eating a big meal before the lecture.
• Arrive early to make sure that everything is ready
before the first student arrives.
• Make sure all of the media equipment is working.
• Locate and check the lighting
• Decide where the lecture notes will be placed (e.g.,
on desk, table) when they are not being held.

26. MORE TIPS
• Have a glass of water available during the lecture.
• Go for a short walk just before the lecture.
• Look over your lecture notes one last time.
• Take a few deep breaths to relax before beginning
the lecture.

27. SUMMARY
• The first few minutes of a lecturer are important
plan them well.
• Verbal communication skills are critical.
• Nonverbal communication skills also are very
important. these include eye contact , positive facial
expression ,gestures and movement.
• Effective questioning and interaction.
• Evaluation(video recording or an observer can assist)