11. WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCY!
Source
ReducCons
&
Reuse
Recycling
/
ComposCng
Energy
Recovery
Treatment
&
Disposal
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Source:
EPA
2011
12. WASTE MANAGEMENT HIERARCY!
Source
ReducCons
&
Reuse
1.3
%
Recycling
/
ComposCng
33.7%
Energy
Recovery
11.4%
Treatment
&
Disposal
53.6%
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of
Waste
My
Study
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Source:
EPA
2011
14.
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of
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Recycling!AS A!
Solution!
Recycling
Rate
=
tons
recycled/total
recycled
+
trashed
•
flexible
for
comparison
Benefits
of
using
rate:
•
easily
communicated
•
show
trends
14
15. What drives rates?!
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RECYCLING
RATE
Social/
Economic
SpaCal
Program
Convenience
Program
Cost
15
16. METHODS!
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17.
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Exploratory Analysis!
17
R
StaCsCcal
CompuCng
So^ware,
Excel,
and
StatPlus
used
for
exploratory
analysis
18.
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Multiple Linear Regression!
R
StaCsCcal
CompuCng
So^ware
used
for
analysis
19.
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Stepwise Model Selection!
19
R
StaCsCcal
CompuCng
So^ware
used
for
analysis
20.
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Interpreting Variables Effects!
20
R
StaCsCcal
CompuCng
So^ware
used
for
analysis
21. RESULTS!
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21
VARIABLE
EFFECT
ON
RECYCLING
RATE
#
OF
YEARS
SIGNIFICANT
All
PosiPve
Effects
Pay
As
You
Throw
≈
10%
13
EducaCon
≈
0.4%
13
Age
≈
0.4%
7
Mandatory
≈
4%
2
22. RESULTS!
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22
VARIABLE
EFFECT
ON
RECYCLING
RATE
#
OF
YEARS
SIGNIFICANT
All
NegaPve
Effects
PoliCcal
≈
1.5%
8
Region
(North)
≈
10%
8
Region
(South)
≈
6%
7
Persons/Household
≈
7%
7
Region
(Central)
≈
7%
5
SubscripCon
≈
9%
4
23. RESULTS!
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Study
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23
VARIABLE
EFFECT
ON
RECYCLING
RATE
#
OF
YEARS
SIGNIFICANT
Mixed
PosiPve
Effects
Curbside
Pickup
≈
5%
6
Density
(log)
≈
0.02%
2
Unemployment
≈
0.9%
1
Mixed
NegaPve
Effects
Unemployment
≈
0.9%
3
Density
(log)
≈
0.02%
3
Curbside
Pickup
≈
6%
1
24. RESULTS!
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0
1
2
3
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75
Recycling Rate
Density
payt
NO PAYT
PAYT
Distribution of Recycling Rate by PAYT 2000 − 2008
25. RESULTS!
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Study
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0
1
2
3
0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75
Recycling Rate
Density
region
Central
North East
South East
West
Distribution of Recycling Rate by Region 2000 − 2008
26. What
factors
do
NOT
seem
significant:
• Single
Stream
• Income
• Mandatory
Recycling
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Policy Recommendations!
27.
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Policy Recommendations!
27
?
28.
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Policy Recommendations!
Commonwealth
of
MassachuseWs
Municipal
Solid
Waste
Master
Plan
2010:
“Increase
the
popula0on
served
by
Pay
As
You
Throw
to
50%
of
the
state’s
popula0on
by
2020
(currently
at
24%)”
(page
24)
28
29.
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Next Steps!
29
30. Dr.
Craig
Nicolson
Department
of
Environmental
ProtecCon
University
of
Massachuse2s
Amherst
Acknowledgments!
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30