2nd Quarter 6th grade

2. 1. Natural – This is nature’s
way of providing water for
plants through the rain.
2. Manual – This is the use
of a water pail and dipper
or water sprinkler.

3. 3. Artificial – Water supply is artificially
produced from a deep well, dams, and river with
the help of motors.

4. Under artificial method, are the following:
a. Surface/Furrow Irrigation b. Sprinkler Irrigation

5. Under artificial method, are the following:
c. Drip/Trickle Irrigation d. Sub-irrigation

6. 1. Off-barring – cultivating
the soil in rows.
2. Hilling-up – cultivating
the soil towards the base
of the plant.

7.  Water the plants twice a day.
 Apply fertilizer in the soil.
 Cultivate the soil.
 Exterminate pests or insects.
 Pull the grasses/weeds surrounding the plants.
 Remove dried leaves and cut carefully the dried o infected
branches.
 Monitor the growth of the plants.

8. Fertilizers – is any substance added to the soil that
promotes the healthy growth of plants.
They are classified into two types:
a. Inorganic – artificial fertilizers made from chemicals
(liquid, soluble, and granular form)
b. Organic – natural fertilizer from decayed matter,
animals, and other natural sources.

9. Advantages Disadvantages
Odorless and handy.
Always available in the
market.
Fast production.
Made of chemicals.
Hazardous to animals
Expensive
Makes the soil unfertile
(dependent to it)

10. Advantages Disadvantages
 Natural
 Easy to produce
 Promote the growth of
beneficial organism
Adds more nutrients to the
soil
Very high inproduction
 Foul odor
 It takes time to prepare

11. Humus – comes from decayed matters from plants and
animals mixed with soil.
Manure – comes from animal waste such as livestock
and poultry waste.
Green manure – comes from decayed plants.
Compost – comes from decompose biodegradable waste
in a pit.

12. Vermi compost – comes from the waste of vermi
(earthworm)
Liquid fertilizer – made from the juice of plants and
vermi compost through the process of concoction
(allows the juice to decompose with red sugar/molasses
in a container)

13. a. Broadcast – Fertilizers are
scattered by hand to the field
wherein it is harrowed under
the soil. Fertilizers are evenly
applied in the area.

14. b. Band Application – Fertilizers
are applied around the soil of the
plants. The soil absorbs the
fertilizers when watering the
plants.

15. c. Foliar Application – The
fertilizer is mixed with water
before spraying it directly to the
plants.

16. d. Top Dressing – Fertilizers are
spread evenly to both the growing
plants and the soil.

17. Read page 78 of EPP book.
Question:
What benefit does a compost pit give?

18. Read page 79 of EPP book.
Video Clip
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q7LnBpJkuhs
How to Make Your Own Compost at Home

20. Following are some of the advantages and benefits of
using pesticides:
• Insect pest life cycle will be stopped.
• Infestation will be lessened.
• Prevents the spread of plant diseases
• The growth of plant will continue to progress.
• Higher yield is expected.

21. It can change its body
color to match the plant
parts and turn eventually
from nymph to adult.
They develop wings and
fly to other hosts in the
same plant family.

22. It is a classification of
larva of moths and
butterflies. They usually
hatch under the leaves
of trees. They are also
called caterpillars.

23. They eat, grow, and
hatch inside plant parts
like caterpillars. Borers
are cousins of cutworms.

24. They lay their eggs in white
cottony masses. When young,
bugs crawl like scale insects.
They excrete large amounts of
honeydew that is why they are
being followed by ants and
mold fungus.

25. They eat all the leaves of its
host plants. Fly lives on the
underside of leaves and it is
the cousin of white fly.

26. It is also called Katydid. It
always stays in the garden
particularly in the dry season.
It defoliates plants and also
strips the bark of young trees
and shrubs.

27. They can move from one host
to another. In adulthood, they
do not move and stay with the
host plant.

28. It is the most destructive
insect pests that attack sweet
potato crops.

29. It is the most destructive
insect pests that attack sweet
potato crops.

30. They have two small oval spots
on the undersurface that emit
a foul odor.

31. They live in slimy trails. In the
daytime, you can find them
under rocks and leaves. Slugs
are busy looking for food at
night.

32. They have 16 black spots and
have yellow and brown covers.
They feed on the leaves of
bean plants.

34.  Always wear the personal protective equipment.
 Always read the instruction before doing the activity.
 Follow the guide for proper posture.
 Check the working condition of tools.
 Never leave your work unattended.
 Measure all ingredients properly & follow the
correct procedures.
 Always focus on work at hand.
 Avoid exposure to pesticides.
 Maintain a clean working place.
 Never forget to take a bath after working.

36. Harvesting – gathering the fruits of trees and crops.
It is the most enjoyable time in planting.
Marketing – is one of the most challenging activities
in orchard gardening. One of the first steps in this
undertaking is to make sure your products are
maketable.

37.  Cut only the ripe bunches with ultimate care so as not to
include the raw ones.
 Some fruits are harvested relatively earlier than
expected. (e.g. mango, pineapple, and papaya)
 Handle the fruits very carefully.
 Fruits are best harvested in the morning.

38.  Sort out the fruits according to size and appearance.
 Pack them in appropriate containers with adequate
cushioning materials at the bottom and all sides.
 If fruits are intended for export, they are usually graded
and fumigated before they are packed and stored in the
right temperature.

39. a. By means of retailer – selling by small quantities by kilos
or pieces.
b. By means of wholesaler or contractor – selling newly
flowered plants to contractors, wholesalers, bidders, and
marketing agents. In this type of transaction, the
contractor shoulders all expenses and assumes all the risk
until the fruits are harvested.

40. c. By means of broker – the agent between the buyer and a
seller. This is done by transporting products by truck, ship,
or airplane.
d. Bulk selling – the product is loaded in cartons, crates, and
wooden boxes.
e. Cooperatives – this is run by a group of people or farmers

41. a. Curing – it toughen and heals the marks on the skin areas.
b. Waxing – a thin film of coating on the surface of fruits is
applied to delay decay.
c. Refrigerated Storage – it maintains the freshness of
fruits.

42. d. Quarantine – the following process can be observed
during treatment of fruits:
 Fumigation
 Refrigerating
 Dust or Spray Treatment
 Dipping fruits for 10 minutes in water

43.  The stem is strong,
thick, and healthy.
 It has five or more
leaves.
 Established healthy
roots.

44.  Conduct survey to find the needs of the community.
 Prepare and distribute pamphlet, flyers, brochures –
containing information about the location and the
picture of products.
 Use online marketing tools.
 Post contact numbers for clients who want to order or
inquire about the product.
 Keeping a record of sales.