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WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
SERIES
Types of Small Scale Fading
Lecture Videos are available for this slides
at
www.youtube.com/gurukula
Support by Subscribing to my
Channel
Based on
Time Delay
Spread
Based on
Doppler
Spread
Leads to
TIME
Dispersion
Leads to
FREQUENCY
Dispersion
FLAT FADING
FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE
FADING
FAST FADING
SLOW FADING
 BW of signal < BW of Channel
 Delay Spread < Symbol Period
 BW of signal > BW of Channel
 Delay Spread > Symbol Period
 High Doppler Spread
 Coherence Time < Symbol Period
 BW of Channel Varies FASTER than BW of signal
 Low Doppler Spread
 Coherence Time > Symbol Period
 BW of Channel Varies SLOWER than the BW of Signal
Bs << Bc
𝝈 𝝉 ≪ Ts
Bs >> Bc
𝝈 𝝉 ≫ Ts
Tc << Ts
Bs << BD
Tc >> Ts
Bs >> BD
Based on
Time Delay
Spread
Based on
Doppler
Spread
FLAT FADING
FREQUENCY
SELECCTIVE
FADING
FAST FADING
SLOW FADING
Bs << Bc
𝝈 𝝉 ≪ Ts
Bs >> Bc
𝝈 𝝉 ≫ Ts
Tc << Ts
Bs << BD
Tc >> Ts
Bs >> BD
Ts
Ts
Bs
Bs
𝜎𝜏
Tc
Bc
BD
FLAT FLAT
SLOW FAST
SLOW FAST
FREQ. SEL FREQ. SEL
FAST
FREQ. SEL
SLOW
FREQ. SEL
FLAT
FAST
FLAT
SLOW
MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF FADING
AS A FUNCTION OF SYMBOL PERIOD
MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF FADING
AS A FUNCTION OF SIGNAL BW
FADING
SMALL SCALE
FADING
MULTIPATH
DELAY
SPREAD
FLAT FADING
FREQUENCY
SELECTIVE
FADING
DOPPLER
SPREAD
FAST FADING SLOW FADING
LARGE SCALE
FADING
PATH LOSS SHADOWING
Summary of Module – 1
Wireless Channels
• Large scale path loss
• Path loss models:
• Free Space
• Two-Ray models
• Link Budget design
• Log Distance Path Loss Model
• Log Normal Shadowing Model
• Small scale fading
• Parameters of mobile multipath
channels
• Time dispersion parameters
• Coherence bandwidth
• Doppler spread & Coherence
time,
• fading due to Multipath time delay
spread
• flat fading
• frequency selective fading
• Fading due to Doppler spread
• fast fading
• slow fading.

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10. types of small scale fading

  • 2. Lecture Videos are available for this slides at www.youtube.com/gurukula Support by Subscribing to my Channel
  • 3. Based on Time Delay Spread Based on Doppler Spread Leads to TIME Dispersion Leads to FREQUENCY Dispersion FLAT FADING FREQUENCY SELECTIVE FADING FAST FADING SLOW FADING  BW of signal < BW of Channel  Delay Spread < Symbol Period  BW of signal > BW of Channel  Delay Spread > Symbol Period  High Doppler Spread  Coherence Time < Symbol Period  BW of Channel Varies FASTER than BW of signal  Low Doppler Spread  Coherence Time > Symbol Period  BW of Channel Varies SLOWER than the BW of Signal Bs << Bc 𝝈 𝝉 ≪ Ts Bs >> Bc 𝝈 𝝉 ≫ Ts Tc << Ts Bs << BD Tc >> Ts Bs >> BD
  • 4. Based on Time Delay Spread Based on Doppler Spread FLAT FADING FREQUENCY SELECCTIVE FADING FAST FADING SLOW FADING Bs << Bc 𝝈 𝝉 ≪ Ts Bs >> Bc 𝝈 𝝉 ≫ Ts Tc << Ts Bs << BD Tc >> Ts Bs >> BD Ts Ts Bs Bs 𝜎𝜏 Tc Bc BD FLAT FLAT SLOW FAST SLOW FAST FREQ. SEL FREQ. SEL FAST FREQ. SEL SLOW FREQ. SEL FLAT FAST FLAT SLOW MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF FADING AS A FUNCTION OF SYMBOL PERIOD MATRIX REPRESENTATION OF FADING AS A FUNCTION OF SIGNAL BW
  • 6. Summary of Module – 1 Wireless Channels • Large scale path loss • Path loss models: • Free Space • Two-Ray models • Link Budget design • Log Distance Path Loss Model • Log Normal Shadowing Model • Small scale fading • Parameters of mobile multipath channels • Time dispersion parameters • Coherence bandwidth • Doppler spread & Coherence time, • fading due to Multipath time delay spread • flat fading • frequency selective fading • Fading due to Doppler spread • fast fading • slow fading.