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Experiments with the Emulated NDN Testbed in ONL
Ze’ev Lailari†, Hila Ben Abraham†, Ben Aronberg‡, Jackie Hudepohl§, Haowei Yuan†,
John DeHart†, Jyoti Parwatikar†, Patrick Crowley†
†Washington University in St. Louis ‡University of Miami §Carnegie Mellon University
{lailariz, hila, hyuan, jdd, jp, pcrowley}@wustl.edu b.aronberg@umiami.edu
jhudepohl@cmu.edu
ABSTRACT
Named Data Networking (NDN) is a recently proposed infor-
mation-centric network architecture. The NDN Testbed is
a global infrastructure that enables real-world NDN demon-
strations. However, deploying new applications directly on
the NDN Testbed requires considerable operational support
and may introduce instability to shared testbed infrastruc-
ture. What’s more, network performance parameters cannot
be easily modified on the NDN Testbed to study application
behaviors. As a result, an emulated NDN testbed, and one
over which developers have full control, can benefit testing,
debugging, and evaluating new NDN applications and ser-
vices as a complement and precursor to testbed deployment.
In this demonstration, we present the emulated NDN testbed
that runs in the Open Network Laboratory (ONL). The em-
ulated testbed runs on real servers (there is no simulation)
and uses the same NDN forwarding daemon, NFD, and the
same routing software, NLSR, that are used in the NDN
Testbed; this minimizes the efforts required of developers
to evaluate their applications. We show how the flexibility
of ONL enables the study of application behaviors in vary-
ing network environments and conditions. We also use a
data collection application to demonstrate the effectiveness
of using the emulated testbed to support application devel-
opment.
Categories and Subject Descriptors
C.2.1 [Network Architecture and Design]: Network com-
munications
Keywords
Named Data Networking; NDN Testbed; Open Network
Laboratory
1. INTRODUCTION
Real-world demonstrations have been regularly performed
to show the advantages of the NDN architecture and pro-
Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or
classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed
for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full cita-
tion on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be
honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author(s). Copyright is held by the
owner/author(s).
ICN’15, Sept.30–Oct. 2, 2015, San Francisco, CA, USA.
ACM 978-1-4503-3855-4/15/09.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2810156.2812616.
vide feedback for NDN development. The NDN Testbed [1],
a network of 26 sites around the world as of August 2015
(Figure 1), is a key building block that enables large-scale
demonstrations. The NDN Testbed is remotely managed
by an administrator, and each site has an operator taking
care of events that require physical access, such as power cy-
cling. To reduce the operational overhead of deploying new
applications on the NDN Testbed, an emulated testbed is
needed.
North America
Europe
Asia
Figure 1: The NDN Testbed
In previous work, we have manually configured an NDN
Testbed topology in ONL, which provides an isolated and
user-controlled network environment for experiments [2], to
debug and evaluate NLSR and NFD [3]. Based on our ex-
perience, we believe it would be beneficial to automate the
emulated NDN testbed configuration and make it available
to developers.
2. EMULATED NDN TESTBED
The emulated testbed operates as an IP overlay that re-
quires configuring both the IP and NDN networks.
2.1 IP Topology Configuration
The underlying IP network is configured using the Re-
mote Laboratory Interface (RLI) provided by ONL. Figure 2
shows the emulated testbed topology, where each host rep-
resents an NDN gateway router. The IP software routers
(SWRs), shown as large circles, connect gateway routers.
The SWRs also provide flexibility in modifying link delays,
so that developers can vary network conditions to fully ex-
amine application behaviors. Our demonstration also in-
cludes NDN endhosts, which use virtual machines (VMs),
shown as small circles in Figure 2. VMs require less hard-
219
North America
Europe
Asia
Figure 2: Emulated NDN Testbed in ONL
ware and provide developers greater flexibility, allowing for
larger and more complex experiments.
2.2 NDN Topology Configuration
The NDN network requires installing forwarding entries
on each node based on the NDN topology described using
configuration files. NDN forwarding entries between gate-
way routers are configured by NLSR. The configuration files
required by NLSR are generated using a flexible template
program. A developer can easily set a master configuration
file and automatically spawn configurations for each router.
These configuration files are processed by the appropriate
routers and describe the status of the network on the rout-
ing layer. The NFD links between endhosts and routers are
stored as a one-to-many list. When NFD is initialized, each
endhost and router creates a face and registers a next-hop
for the applicable prefixes. NFD and NLSR are launched
using the scripts we have developed.
3. DATA COLLECTION APPLICATION
The current data collection application collects bandwidth
usage on testbed links, and it has been deployed on the NDN
Testbed [1]. The application consists of a consumer (the
testbed server) and multiple producers (the testbed nodes).
Periodically, the consumer sends an Interest packet request-
ing the tx/rx counters of the producer’s links. The producer
replies by fetching the statistics of its faces from the NFD,
and then filtering the counters of the relevant links.
We have been working on extending the application to
provide a framework for users to specify the data to be col-
lected, such as NFD process IDs and link RTTs. The on-
going development has been using the emulated testbed for
testing and debugging. Eventually, the extended applica-
tion will be deployed on the NDN Testbed, and we expect a
smooth deployment.
4. DEMONSTRATION
This demonstration presents the emulated testbed and
shows its effectiveness in supporting NDN research.
First, we show how the emulated NDN testbed is config-
ured and launched in ONL. To demonstrate the benefits of
having full control over the testbed, we show how link costs
can be modified so that NLSR and NFD take action and
switch to lower-cost forwarding paths.
Next, we demonstrate the flexibility of modifying network
performance parameters. The extended data collection ap-
plication will be deployed to monitor the link RTTs. Net-
work performance parameters, such as link delays and packet
loss rates, are modified by configuring the SWRs, and we
show how the data collected by the application reflects those
changes.
Lastly, an emulated testbed with link delays configured
the same as the ones of the NDN Testbed is demonstrated.
We collect the link delays to show the network performance
is comparable to the NDN Testbed. Thus, developers could
evaluate end-to-end application performance before evaluat-
ing it in the NDN Testbed.
The source code for the demo is available at https://
github.com/WU-ARL/Emulated_NDN_Testbed_in_ONL.
Acknowledgment
This work has been supported by National Science Founda-
tion grants CNS-1040643 and CNS-1345282.
5. REFERENCES
[1] NDN Testbed. http://ndnmap.arl.wustl.edu.
[2] Charlie Wiseman et al. A Remotely Accessible Network
Processor-Based Router for Network Experimentation.
In Proc. of ANCS’08, 2008.
[3] NDN Team. Named Data Networking (NDN) Project
2013 - 2014 Annual Report. Technical report, 2014.
220

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p219-lailari

  • 1. Experiments with the Emulated NDN Testbed in ONL Ze’ev Lailari†, Hila Ben Abraham†, Ben Aronberg‡, Jackie Hudepohl§, Haowei Yuan†, John DeHart†, Jyoti Parwatikar†, Patrick Crowley† †Washington University in St. Louis ‡University of Miami §Carnegie Mellon University {lailariz, hila, hyuan, jdd, jp, pcrowley}@wustl.edu b.aronberg@umiami.edu jhudepohl@cmu.edu ABSTRACT Named Data Networking (NDN) is a recently proposed infor- mation-centric network architecture. The NDN Testbed is a global infrastructure that enables real-world NDN demon- strations. However, deploying new applications directly on the NDN Testbed requires considerable operational support and may introduce instability to shared testbed infrastruc- ture. What’s more, network performance parameters cannot be easily modified on the NDN Testbed to study application behaviors. As a result, an emulated NDN testbed, and one over which developers have full control, can benefit testing, debugging, and evaluating new NDN applications and ser- vices as a complement and precursor to testbed deployment. In this demonstration, we present the emulated NDN testbed that runs in the Open Network Laboratory (ONL). The em- ulated testbed runs on real servers (there is no simulation) and uses the same NDN forwarding daemon, NFD, and the same routing software, NLSR, that are used in the NDN Testbed; this minimizes the efforts required of developers to evaluate their applications. We show how the flexibility of ONL enables the study of application behaviors in vary- ing network environments and conditions. We also use a data collection application to demonstrate the effectiveness of using the emulated testbed to support application devel- opment. Categories and Subject Descriptors C.2.1 [Network Architecture and Design]: Network com- munications Keywords Named Data Networking; NDN Testbed; Open Network Laboratory 1. INTRODUCTION Real-world demonstrations have been regularly performed to show the advantages of the NDN architecture and pro- Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full cita- tion on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author(s). Copyright is held by the owner/author(s). ICN’15, Sept.30–Oct. 2, 2015, San Francisco, CA, USA. ACM 978-1-4503-3855-4/15/09. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2810156.2812616. vide feedback for NDN development. The NDN Testbed [1], a network of 26 sites around the world as of August 2015 (Figure 1), is a key building block that enables large-scale demonstrations. The NDN Testbed is remotely managed by an administrator, and each site has an operator taking care of events that require physical access, such as power cy- cling. To reduce the operational overhead of deploying new applications on the NDN Testbed, an emulated testbed is needed. North America Europe Asia Figure 1: The NDN Testbed In previous work, we have manually configured an NDN Testbed topology in ONL, which provides an isolated and user-controlled network environment for experiments [2], to debug and evaluate NLSR and NFD [3]. Based on our ex- perience, we believe it would be beneficial to automate the emulated NDN testbed configuration and make it available to developers. 2. EMULATED NDN TESTBED The emulated testbed operates as an IP overlay that re- quires configuring both the IP and NDN networks. 2.1 IP Topology Configuration The underlying IP network is configured using the Re- mote Laboratory Interface (RLI) provided by ONL. Figure 2 shows the emulated testbed topology, where each host rep- resents an NDN gateway router. The IP software routers (SWRs), shown as large circles, connect gateway routers. The SWRs also provide flexibility in modifying link delays, so that developers can vary network conditions to fully ex- amine application behaviors. Our demonstration also in- cludes NDN endhosts, which use virtual machines (VMs), shown as small circles in Figure 2. VMs require less hard- 219
  • 2. North America Europe Asia Figure 2: Emulated NDN Testbed in ONL ware and provide developers greater flexibility, allowing for larger and more complex experiments. 2.2 NDN Topology Configuration The NDN network requires installing forwarding entries on each node based on the NDN topology described using configuration files. NDN forwarding entries between gate- way routers are configured by NLSR. The configuration files required by NLSR are generated using a flexible template program. A developer can easily set a master configuration file and automatically spawn configurations for each router. These configuration files are processed by the appropriate routers and describe the status of the network on the rout- ing layer. The NFD links between endhosts and routers are stored as a one-to-many list. When NFD is initialized, each endhost and router creates a face and registers a next-hop for the applicable prefixes. NFD and NLSR are launched using the scripts we have developed. 3. DATA COLLECTION APPLICATION The current data collection application collects bandwidth usage on testbed links, and it has been deployed on the NDN Testbed [1]. The application consists of a consumer (the testbed server) and multiple producers (the testbed nodes). Periodically, the consumer sends an Interest packet request- ing the tx/rx counters of the producer’s links. The producer replies by fetching the statistics of its faces from the NFD, and then filtering the counters of the relevant links. We have been working on extending the application to provide a framework for users to specify the data to be col- lected, such as NFD process IDs and link RTTs. The on- going development has been using the emulated testbed for testing and debugging. Eventually, the extended applica- tion will be deployed on the NDN Testbed, and we expect a smooth deployment. 4. DEMONSTRATION This demonstration presents the emulated testbed and shows its effectiveness in supporting NDN research. First, we show how the emulated NDN testbed is config- ured and launched in ONL. To demonstrate the benefits of having full control over the testbed, we show how link costs can be modified so that NLSR and NFD take action and switch to lower-cost forwarding paths. Next, we demonstrate the flexibility of modifying network performance parameters. The extended data collection ap- plication will be deployed to monitor the link RTTs. Net- work performance parameters, such as link delays and packet loss rates, are modified by configuring the SWRs, and we show how the data collected by the application reflects those changes. Lastly, an emulated testbed with link delays configured the same as the ones of the NDN Testbed is demonstrated. We collect the link delays to show the network performance is comparable to the NDN Testbed. Thus, developers could evaluate end-to-end application performance before evaluat- ing it in the NDN Testbed. The source code for the demo is available at https:// github.com/WU-ARL/Emulated_NDN_Testbed_in_ONL. Acknowledgment This work has been supported by National Science Founda- tion grants CNS-1040643 and CNS-1345282. 5. REFERENCES [1] NDN Testbed. http://ndnmap.arl.wustl.edu. [2] Charlie Wiseman et al. A Remotely Accessible Network Processor-Based Router for Network Experimentation. In Proc. of ANCS’08, 2008. [3] NDN Team. Named Data Networking (NDN) Project 2013 - 2014 Annual Report. Technical report, 2014. 220