1. Atlantic Continuum:A Look at DNA & Ancient Human Migration Patterns - by Karl Hoenke for AAPS 6th Annual International Conference on Ancient America C A D X X X B X B B B B October 11, 2010 1
2. Atlantic Continuum Presented by Karl Hoenke to Ancient Artifact Preservation Society 17 September 2010 Marquette, Michigan
3. Overview High-level observations about DNA Revisit Haplogroup X Assemble some interesting scraps Suggest hypothesis to fit these together Duck
4. Usefulness of DNA Determine relationships Estimate timing of divergences Estimate locations of divergences mtDNA = Mitochondrial DNA follows female line Y chromosome DNA = follows male line
13. Haplogroup X Note 1: Inland “footprints” of X absent in both Asia and Europe. It is present in populations associated with coastal regions and history Note 2: Haplotype X occurs as X1 and X2. X1 only in North Africa. X2 dispersed ~20,000 ybp. X2 not in Asia. X2a & X2g in North America, not Central America. X2 in Sioux (15%), Navajo (7%), Yakima (5%), Nuu-Chah-Nulth (12%) Note 3: Haplotype X is 12-36,000 years old, must be among founding populations of North America
14. Outlier Haplotypes in Cherokees52-member study group Sampling of Central Band of Cherokees; published in Ancient American
16. BASQUE mtDNA FREQUENCIES mtDNA “J” originated in Mid-East mtdDNA “K” originated in Levant ~10,000 ybp mtDNA “V” believed to be recent SW Europe development
32. Evolved into traders of Mediterranean (who visited North America for 5,000 years)
33.
Editor's Notes
DriftBottlenecks
Farming arrived Balkans ~7,950 ybp, stalled 800 years, reached coast ~1,000 years laterHaplogroup J brought farming to EuropeRed Paint Culture on coast 7,500 ybp to 3,500 ybpBritish Isles settled from Iberia via Normandy over 7,000 ybpPattern same for genes and farming; this is presumptive pattern for Basque marginalization
Ancient Basques consistent with Eastern Mediterranean peoples, as shown by X, K and J.Modern Basques consistent with current Europeans, prior DNA very diluted
Barry Cunliffe advocates the “circum-Atlantic” culture; Jay Wakefield and Renoud de Jongue have produced ample supporting evidence.“Red Paint People” (7,000 to 3,000 ybp) both sides of AtlanticAdvance of farmers into Europe stopped short of coastAtlantic coastal trading culture consistent with artifacts and geneticsMegaliths of Atlantic coast were precedents to Minoan/Mediterranean megalithic culturesMinoans were major Mediterranean maritime traders; then Phoenicians, Greeks, et alia
Before the PyramidsCracking Archaeology’s Greatest MysteryBy Christopher Knight & Alan Butler
Before the PyramidsCracking Archaeology’s Greatest MysteryBy Christopher Knight & Alan ButlerRocks and RowsJay Wakefield and Reinoud de Jonghe
