Delivered in London on 21 November 2014. This presentation was designed to support Jisc Interactive Learning Resources for Skills projects in dealing with the copyright issues associated with the creation of open resources.

1. 21 Nov 2014
London
Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons
- for Interactive Learning Resources for Skills Projects
© Contact Leonardo for reuse
leonardo@vinci

2. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Jason Miles-Campbell
jason.miles-campbell@jisclegal.ac.uk
0141 548 4939
www.jisclegal.ac.uk
2
Jisc Legal Manager

3. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Have you heard of Jisc Legal before?
1. Hello again, Jason
2. Yes, fairly often
3. Yes, used occasionally
4. Vague acquaintance
5. What’s that, then?
3
12%
Hello again, Jason
What’s that, then?
8%
Vague acquaintance
Yes, fairly often
Yes, used occasionally
24%
32%
24%

4. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014

5. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
When it comes to copyright law...
1. I’m confident
2. I’ve a fair idea
3. I dabble
4. I ask others
5. I hide in the toilet
5
I’ve a fair idea
I’m confident
I ask others
I dabble
I hide in the toilet
8%
44%
0%
28%
20%

6. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
What’s IPR all about…
6
Incoming IPR
- stuff that goes into your project
Outgoing IPR
- Making your resources available to others

7. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Copyright in One Slide
7
Are you the owner?
If not, get permission
Or use statutory exception

8. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 8
... the fact that our system of communication,
teaching and entertainment does not grind
to a standstill is in large part due to the fact
that in most cases infringement of copyright
has, historically, been ignored...
“
”

9. Copyright Law for Digital Teaching and Learning Workshop 15 May 2014
»The changing landscape:
› greater awareness
› business model
protection
› pervasive technology,
and access
9
» Motivators
› it’s the law
› confidence
› example
› reputation and trust
› quality
Why comply?
I came, I saw, I right-clicked…

10. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Incoming IPR
Rules with regards to
ownership
Employees
Organisations
Contractors
Re-licensing
10

11. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
How much third party content?
1. The vast majority
2. Lots
3. Some
4. A little
5. None
6. Large variations
7. Don’t know
11
The vast majority
Lots
Some
None
Large variations
A little
Do n’t know
0%
5%
42%
5%
0%
21%
26%

12. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Outgoing IPR
‘Openness’
Creative Commons
Attribution
+/- Derivatives
+/-Commercial
+/- Share Alike
12

13. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 13
Give Me What I Want,
What I Really, Really Want
Your search returned 56,139 media items
- 0 meet your licensing requirements...

14. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 14
Getting to know
(and possibly love)
Creative Commons

15. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creative Commons Licences 1
• Just a licence, like any other
• Standard terms
• Familiarity
• Legal status “debate”
• Other licences are available...

16. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creative Commons Licences 2
• Irrevocable / Perpetual
• Summary / Legal Code / Symbols
• Elements / Components
• Porting and Versions
• When is a CC licence not a CC licence?

17. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
CC Licences Elements
BY – the attribution element
NC – the non-commercial qualification
ND – the non-derivative qualification
SA – the ShareAlike qualification

18. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creative Commons Licences 3
CC 0
CC BY
CC BY-SA
CC BY-ND
CC BY-NC
CC BY-NC-SA
CC BY-NC-ND

19. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Which licence did you specify?
1. CC-0
2. CC BY
3. CC BY-SA
4. CC BY-ND
5. CC BY-NC
6. CC BY-NC-SA
7. CC BY-NC-ND
8. Various / non-CC
9. Don’t know
19
CC-0
CC BY-SA
CC BY-NC
Do n’t know
CC BY-NC-ND
4%
78%
4%
0%
4% 4% 4%
0% 0%

20. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
BY – the Art of Attribution
Who needs to be attributed?
In what form do they have to be attributed?
What if it’s not practical to attribute?
The problem of ‘attribution stacking’

21. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
NC – Cut the Commerce!
What does ‘non commercial’ mean?
Applies to the activity, not the organisation
Remedies for commercial ‘breach’
Control, not prohibition

22. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
ND – Don’t Get Derivative
What is a derivative?
How much change can I make?
Collections
Control, not prohibition

23. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
SA – ShareAlike
Applies to derivatives
New version must be licensed under a
similar licence as the original

24. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Interoperability and Blending
Tools at:
www.web2rights.com/creativecommons
Wizard 1: given materials, which CC licence can I use?
Wizard 2: given a particular CC licence, what can I include?
Open Government Licence (OGL) compatible with CC BY

25. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Some Scenarios for Discussion
1. Alphaville University decides it wishes to make
its courseware available more openly to raise its
profile and attract interest. It chooses a CC BY-NC-
ND licence.
A good choice?

26. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Some Scenarios for Discussion
2. Bucks Fizz College decides it wishes to develop
and promote a community of business tutors
collaboratively creating materials across the FE
sector. It chooses a CC BY-NC-SA licence.
A good choice?

27. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Some Scenarios for Discussion
3. Jisc Legal originally licensed its materials under
a short, bespoke licence, allowing liberal use in
the education context, but restricting
commercial use and requiring permission for
adaptation. It’s now moved to a CC BY licence.
What were we thinking?!

28. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 28
Choosing a
Creative Commons Licence
– the consequences

29. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
The Consequences of the Choice
Irrevocable
But relicensing possible
Choice of licence limits not only use,
but what can be included
Nothing’s barred... but people don’t ask

30. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 30
Including Other People’s
Stuff in Your Resources

31. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Understanding the CC Licences
A learning curve for projects, creators and rights holders
The “not quite CC” syndrome
• Education and changing perceptions
• Understanding CC as permissions
• Understanding CC compatibilities etc

32. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
The Patchwork Quilt
A world of rich content and bright lights...
often means many licences
• Accepting limitations
• Changing approach to development
• Encouraging open, simple licensing

33. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
What’s the expected audience?
1. UK local/regional
2. UK national
3. European
4. English-speaking global
5. Global
6. Very varied
7. Don’t know
33
European
English-speaking global
UK national
UK local/regional
Global
Very varied
Do n’t know
10%
90%
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%

34. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Any Storm in a Port?
Ported v unported licences
Over focus on jurisdiction
• Recognising the audience
• Improved understanding of CC

35. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
What’s Your Attitude to IPR?
1. Anarchist
2. Boundaries need pushed
3. Pragmatic, not pedantic
4. Conservative & cautious
5. Strongly risk averse
6. Not sure
35
70%
Pragmatic, not pedantic
Conservative & cautious
Anarchist
Boundaries need pushed
Strongly risk averse
Not sure
0%
10%
0% 0%
20%

36. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Let’s Get Risqué!
Altruism, anarchy, openness,
transparency, copyright = copywrong
• Recognition of IPR risk in open resources
• A low risk threshold?
• Champion risk-free resources

37. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Organisational attitude to open resources
1. Strong buy-in at all levels
2. Staff buy-in, but senior
management untested
3. Project is testing the waters
4. Some organisational barriers
5. Not sure (yet!)
37
25%
35%
20%
Staff buy-in, but seni..
Project is testing the ...
Strong buy-in at all le...
Not sure (yet!)
Some organisational b...
5%
15%

38. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Yours, Mine, and Minefields
Ownership of IPR in academic work
Denial, and sensitivities
• Senior management buy-in
• Staff and student buy-in
• A diplomatic approach to OER

39. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Asking the World...
Getting third party permissions
The world isn’t changing fast enough
• Getting buy-in (not just legal)
• Accept limits / alter current approach
• Wait

40. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Including Other People’s Stuff
Don’t ignore the issue
Option 1: Get permission
Option 2: Create an original replacement
Option 3: Link or refer to the third party material
Option 4: Include, with a warning as to licence limits

41. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Use of Licences & Statutory Exceptions
Blanket licences and commercial licences seldom
allow inclusion
Fair dealing for illustration for instruction
Fair dealing for criticism/review

42. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Copyright Audit Trail
Lack of formalities
Evidence of permission depends on risk
Find the right balance – not easy
Exercise reasonable scepticism over the right to
grant permission

43. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 43
Top Tips for Avoiding Open
Resource IPR Trouble

44. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creating Open Resources Without
(Legal) Tears
1. Copyright isn’t going to change much –
live with that, and accept the legal reality
2. Be mindful of tensions and sensitivities –
CC involves giving something away, forever
3. Avoid of complex licensing – it’s easy for things to
get out of hand. “Link and split”!

45. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creating Open Resources Without
(Legal) Tears
4. Focus on using what’s available, rather than what
you can’t have (easily)
5. Promote change in the creative world – many people
do want to share, but the legal default is set
otherwise
6. Get clarity as to ownership of copyright works,
before they are created

46. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creating Open Resources Without
(Legal) Tears
7. Help out users – define your terms such as
attribution and commercial use
8. Use and contribute CC licensed material to
repositories, databases and collections
9. Move copyright up the agenda. The potential
benefits (and savings) are huge.

47. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
On behalf of Jisc Techdis…
…accessibility and inclusion

48. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Creating Open Resources Without
(Legal) Tears
10. Use the support that’s available. You don’t need to
do it on your own.

49. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
Sources of Support
www.jisclegal.ac.uk
www.web2rights.org.uk
www.web2rights.com/OERIPRSupport/
www.creativecommons.org
www.ipo.gov.uk

50. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
In summary…
Sort out ‘incoming’ IPR
Make life as easy as possible for users
Use support

51. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014
I’m now feeling…
A. Rock solid
B. Quietly confident
C. Unsure
D. On the verge of a
nervous breakdown
E. I’ll tell you in three
months’ time
51
74%
Rock solid
Quietly confident
Unsure
On the verge of a ne...
I’ll tell you in three ...
13%
9%
4% 0%

52. Intellectual Property Rights and Creative Commons Workshop 21 Nov 2014 52
Your questions

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This work, with the exception of logos, and any other content marked with a separate copyright notice, is
licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence. Attribution should be “© Jisc
Legal – www.jisclegal.ac.uk – used under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence” (with
clickable URLs where possible). The use of logos in the work is licensed for use only on non-derivative
copies. Further information at www.jisclegal.ac.uk/CopyrightPolicy.

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