Although the pattern of migration is away from the developing to the developed world, people everywhere see immigration increasing. …and they don’t seem to like it.

1. Credit © European Union, 2012
Public attitudes to immigration
Findings from Ipsos’s Global @dvisor

2. People on the move…
Mass movement of people across borders and continents is a
fact of modern, globalised, life.
According to the UN, there are 214 million immigrants across the
world, with a third resident in Europe.
The pattern of migration is away from Asia, Latin America and the
Caribbean, and towards Oceania, North America and Europe.

3. Total migrant numbers across the world’s continents
Total international migrant stock (millions and as % of population), 2010
50.04m
14.2%
69.85m
Northern America 9.5% 61.32m
Europe 1.5%
Asia
7.47m
1.3%
19.26m
Latin America &
1.9%
The Caribbean 6.02m
Africa 16.8%
Oceania
Source: UN Migration Statistics
International migrant stock: The mid-year (1 July) estimate of the number of people living in a country or area other than that in which they were born.
If the number of foreign-born was not available, the estimate refers to the number of people living in a country other than that of their citizenship.

4. Total migrant numbers and net migration over the
past 5 years
International migrant stock, 2010 (% of combined total)
Europe Asia Northern Africa Latin America & Oceania
America The Caribbean
9 3 3
33 29 23
Average annual net migration (millions) 2005-10
1.5 1.34
1.22
1.0
0.5
0.10
0.0
-0.5
-0.53
-1.0
-1.08 -1.05
-1.5
Source: UN Migration Statistics

5. Immigration on the rise
Although the pattern of migration is away from the developing to
the developed world, people everywhere see immigration
increasing.
…and they don’t seem to like it.

6. The majority say the number of immigrants in their
country has increased over the last 5 years
Over the last 5 years, in your opinion has the amount of migrants in [YOUR COUNTRY] ...?
Increased a lot / little Stayed the same Decreased a lot / little
90% 85% 85%
80% 79% 78% 80%
80% 77%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20% 16% 18%
14% 12% 14%
10% 10% 8%
10% 5% 4% 5% 6% 4% 6%
0%
LATAM BRIC Europe Middle East/Africa APAC North America Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

7. And people tend to be more negative than positive
about it
Would you say that immigration has generally had a positive or negative impact on
[ YOUR COUNTRY]?
Very / Fairly positive Neither positive or negative Very / Fairly negative
60%
54% 53%
50%
46% 45%
42%
40%
36% 35%
33%
30% 31%
28% 28% 29%
30%
26% 26%
22% 23%
21% 21%
20% 18% 18%
10%
0%
Middle East/Africa Europe North America BRIC APAC LATAM Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

8. Why the negativity?
Firstly, the simple fact is numbers count.
Most people think there are too many immigrants in their country.

9. Just over half of people think there are too many
immigrants in their country
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
There are too many immigrants in our country
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
BRIC 59% 23% 13%
Middle East/Africa 58% 21% 15%
Europe 56% 19% 21%
North America 51% 25% 21%
LATAM 46% 32% 16%
APAC 44% 33% 18%
Total 52% 25% 19%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

10. But the implication of high numbers
is the real cause for concern…
Many people think immigration makes it harder to find jobs,
particularly in Africa, the Middle East and the BRIC nations.
And immigration is also seen to add pressure to public services,
particularly in the most developed regions of the world.

11. Many feel immigration makes it more difficult for people
to find jobs
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigrants in [COUNTRY] have made it more difficult for [COUNTRY] people to get
jobs
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Middle East/Africa 59% 17% 20%
BRIC 55% 21% 21%
North America 50% 21% 25%
APAC 49% 29% 20%
Europe 45% 21% 31%
LATAM 44% 27% 26%
Total 48% 23% 25%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

12. And people are also wary of the pressure immigration
places on public services
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigration has placed too much pressure on public services in [COUNTRY] (for
example, health, transport, educational services)
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
North America 61% 22% 13%
Europe 56% 19% 19%
Middle East/Africa 51% 24% 18%
BRIC 46% 30% 18%
LATAM 44% 32% 19%
APAC 42% 36% 17%
Total 51% 26% 18%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

13. Yet, immigration isn’t entirely
seen as a bad thing…
People of most regions are split when asked whether they
think immigration is good for their national economy.
And they tend to be equally divided when considering the
cultural benefits of immigration.
Notably however, residents of Europe and the Middle
East/Africa tend to be more negative on both counts.

14. Opinion is split on the economic benefits of immigration, although
Europeans and residents of the Middle East/Africa are more sceptical
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigration is good for the economy of [COUNTRY]
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Middle East/Africa 24% 23% 48%
Europe 25% 25% 46%
North America 33% 27% 35%
LATAM 32% 31% 32%
BRIC 36% 29% 30%
APAC 30% 37% 28%
Total 28% 29% 39%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

15. And the same is found when people are asked to consider the
cultural benefits of immigration
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigrants make country a more interesting place to live
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Europe 29% 24% 43%
Middle East/Africa 32% 23% 40%
LATAM 31% 29% 36%
BRIC 36% 25% 35%
APAC 31% 35% 30%
North America 42% 26% 29%
Total 31% 28% 37%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

16. Opinion across the world tends
to favour a more selective
approach to immigration…
In all regions except Latin America, more people agree than
disagree that priority should be given to immigrants with
higher education and qualifications who can fill shortages
among certain professions.

17. A selective approach to immigration is favoured in most regions of
the world
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Priority should be given to immigrants with higher education and qualifications who can fill
shortages among certain professions in [COUNTRY]
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Middle East/Africa 54% 18% 23%
APAC 49% 29% 19%
North America 48% 24% 25%
BRIC 48% 23% 27%
Europe 41% 23% 31%
LATAM 34% 28% 35%
Total 45% 25% 27%
Agree Neither Disagree
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

18. Focussing on attitudes in Europe…

19. Patterns of immigration in Europe
Europe’s heavyweight economies currently possess the highest
numbers of immigrants in absolute terms.
But as a percentage of population, the picture is much more
mixed.

20. Europe’s big economies have the largest number of migrants, but this
is not the case when migrant numbers are considered as a % of the
population
International migrant stock as percentage of
Total international migrant stock (millions), 2010
total population, 2010
12
35.2
10
8
19.6
17.5
6 15.6 15.0
14.1 14.1 13.6
13.1
10.7 10.4 10.5 10.1
9.1 8.6 8.8
4 7.4 8.1
4.4 3.7 4.2 4.0 3.8
2.2 2.4
0.6 1.4
2
0
Source: UN Migration Statistics

21. Net migration patterns in
Europe show a difference
between the East and the rest
Most Eastern European countries had more emigrants
than immigrants, on average, between 2005-10.
Elsewhere in Europe the opposite holds true; immigrants
are the greater number.

22. Net migration shows many Eastern European countries in the EU27
sent more people than they received on average between 2005-10
Average annual net migration (thousands), 2005-10 Average annual net migration rate (per 1,000
population), 2005-10
Spain 350.0 7.9
Italy 330.0 5.6
United Kingdom 189.5 3.1
Germany 110.0 1.3
France 100.0 1.6
Czech Republic 45.1 4.4
Belgium 40.0 3.8
Portugal 40.0 3.8
Ireland 40.0 9.1
Austria 32.0 3.9
Greece 30.0 2.7
Sweden 30.0 3.3
Netherlands 20.0 1.2
Hungary 15.0 1.5
Finland 11.0 2.1
Denmark 6.0 1.1
Cyprus 5.0 5.8
Slovenia 4.4 2.2
Luxembourg 4.0 8.4
Slovakia 4.0 0.7
Malta 1.0 2.5
Latvia -2.0 -0.9
Bulgaria -10.0 -1.3
Lithuania -20.0 -6.0
Poland -24.0 -0.6
Romania -40.0 -1.9
-100.0 0.0 100.0 200.0 300.0 400.0 -10.0 -5.0 0.0 5.0 10.0
Source: UN Migration Statistics

23. But everywhere immigration
is perceived to be on the rise
In Eastern Europe rates of immigration have dropped on
average over the past 5 years. Yet, Poles as much as
other nationalities consider immigration to have
increased.
Elsewhere, however, the belief that immigration is
increasing is matched by the facts – although the rate of
increase is low for many countries.

24. There is a widespread belief that immigration has increased over the past
few years. This is the case in all the countries surveyed except for Poland
Over the last 5 years, in your opinion has the
amount of migrants in [THE COUNTRY]….? Average annual rate of change (percentage), 2005-10
Increased Stayed the Decreased
(combined) same (combined) 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0
94% 5% 2%
93% 5% 2%
85% 10% 5%
85% 6% 9%
81% 15% 3%
79% 18% 3%
77% 16% 7%
66% 30% 4%
63% 25% 12%
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011, UN Migration Statistics

25. Economic concerns are uppermost
for Europeans. Immigration is
next, but some way behind
Concerns with the national economy, unemployment and rising
prices predominate in the minds of most Europeans at the
current time.
Immigration follows, although some countries attach more
importance to the issue than others.

26. Immigration sits below economic concerns for Europeans,
although there are differences between nationalities
What do you think are the two most important issues facing [OUR COUNTRY] at the moment?
Immigration
Luxembourg 17%
70% Latvia 17%
United Kingdom 16%
59% Belgium 15%
60%
EU27 Malta 13%
Lithuania 13%
50% Cyprus 13%
France 12%
40% Austria 11%
31% Czech Republic 10%
30% Bulgaria 10%
26%
Finland 9%
Romania 9%
20% 17%
EU27 9%
9% Germany 8%
10% 7% 7% 6% Estonia 7%
5% 4%
3% 3% 3% Denmark 7%
0% Netherlands 6%
Italy 6%
Spain 6%
Poland 5%
Hungary 5%
Greece 5%
Sweden 4%
Slovenia 4%
Ireland 4%
Slovakia 3%
Portugal 1%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
Source: Standard Eurobarometer 76, November 2011

27. The number of migrants resident in each country does not correlate with
the relative importance of immigration to the public.
What do you think are the two most important issues facing
[OUR COUNTRY] at the moment? - Immigration
Latvia Luxembourg
Great Britain
15 Belgium
Malta Lithuania Cyprus
France
Bulgaria Austria
10 Czech Republic
Finland
Romania
Germany
Denmark
Italy Netherlands Estonia
Poland Spain
5 Hungary Greece
Slovenia Sweden Ireland
Slovakia
Portugal
R² = 0.09
0
0 10 20 30
International migrant stock as a percentage of total population, 2010
Source: Standard Eurobarometer 76, November 2011, UN Migration Statistics

28. Most Europeans think immigration
has had a negative impact on their
country, particularly in countries
where immigration is seen as an
important issue
Of the countries surveyed, public opinion in Belgium and Britain is
the most negative about immigration - both countries where, on
average, immigration is more likely to be seen as an important
issue.

29. In every country except Sweden, people are more likely to feel immigration
has had a negative rather than positive impact on their country
Would you say that immigration has generally had a positive or negative impact on [COUNTRY]?
Very / Fairly negative Neither positive or negative Very / Fairly positive
37% 32%
56% 55% 54% 54% 52% 53%
64%
72%
23%
40%
24% 28% 26%
16% 27% 26% 34%
17% 37%
19% 19% 22% 18%
14% 14% 16%
9% 8%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

30. And with the exception of Poland, where immigration levels are lower,
more people agree than disagree that there are too many immigrants in
their country
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
There are too many immigrants in our country
Agree Neither Disagree
12% 12% 11% 16% 20% 20% 23% 21%
33%
15% 15% 20%
16% 41%
24% 25% 19%
20%
19%
14%
72% 71% 67% 67%
53% 52% 50% 56%
46%
29%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

31. The perceived negative economic
impact of immigration seems to be
at the root of concerns
With the exception of the Middle East & Africa, Europeans are
more sceptical about immigration’s benefit to the economy than
people in the rest of the world.
There is widespread concern in Europe that immigration places
too much pressure on public services – more so than anywhere
else in the world.
There are also concerns, particularly among residents of Britain,
that immigrants make it more difficult to get jobs. Yet, there is no
direct correlation between this concern and personal experience
of job loss.

32. In each of the European countries surveyed more people disagree than
agree that immigration is good for their national economy. Although some
countries are more sceptical than others
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigration is good for the economy of [COUNTRY]
Agree Neither Disagree
34%
45% 45% 44% 42% 36% 46%
49%
60% 57%
17% 34%
22% 26%
22% 27% 30% 25%
20% 23%
30% 29% 28%
27% 24% 28% 25%
23%
18% 13%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

33. Across the world, Europeans seem the most concerned about the impact
on public services of high immigration. Once more Poland, where rates of
immigration are lower, appears less concerned
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigration has placed too much pressure on public services in [COUNTRY]
(for example, health, transport, educational services)
Agree Neither Disagree
8% 11% 10%
21% 18% 18% 20% 19%
14% 29%
16% 18%
39%
13% 22% 21% 21% 19%
28%
17%
76%
70% 68%
59% 58% 56% 56%
56%
40%
27%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

34. Concern about immigration’s impact on competition for jobs is lower than
in the developing world, and is seen as less of a concern than the impact
on services. Yet, the majority in several states still consider it a problem
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigrants in [COUNTRY] have made it more difficult for [COUNTRY] people to get jobs
Agree Neither Disagree
20% 23%
27% 28% 28% 31%
34% 34%
42% 45%
16%
14% 18% 24%
25% 21%
22% 27%
13%
30%
62%
54% 52% 52%
46% 41% 45%
37% 35%
23%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

35. The belief that there are too many immigrants strongly correlates with a
concern that immigrants place too much pressure on public services…
% Immigration has placed too much pressure on public services
100
90
Great Britain
80
70 Spain
Belgium
Hungary Germany
60
Italy
50 France
40 Sweden
30
Poland
20
10
R² = 0.82
0
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
% Agree there are too many immigrants in our country
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

36. …whereas the correlation is weaker between the perception that there
are too many immigrants and the concern that immigrants make it more
difficult to find jobs
% Immigrants in (Country) have made it more difficult for (Country) people to get jobs
70
Great Britain
60
Hungary
Spain
50
France
Belgium
40
Italy
Germany
Poland
30
20
Sweden
R² = 0.45
10
20 30 40 50 60 70 80
% Agree there are too many immigrants in our country
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

37. Concern that immigration threatens the jobs market does not
always seem to relate to personal experience of job loss
% Thinking of the last 6 months, have you, someone in your family or someone
else you know personally lost their job as a result of economic conditions?
100
Countries where higher rates of
personal experience of job loss
combines with a concern that
immigrants have made it more
Relatively high personal experience of difficult to find work.
job loss is not mirrored by significant
concerns about the threat of Spain
immigration to the jobs market. This is
perhaps due to much lower levels of Hungary
immigration.
Poland Italy
50
France Great Britain
Sweden Belgium
Germany
Outliers, where personal experience
of job loss is lower but concerns about
immigration’s threat to the jobs market is
still high.
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
% Immigrants in [COUNTRY] have made it more difficult for [COUNTRY] people to get jobs
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

38. But only in the UK is a selective
approach to immigration
supported by the majority
Great Britain aside, the majority of Europeans do not agree that
priority should be given to immigrants who can fill shortages in
skilled professions.

39. Britons are most likely to favour a selective approach to
immigration, but elsewhere in Europe there is less support
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Priority should be given to immigrants with higher education and qualifications who can fill
shortages among certain professions in [COUNTRY]
Agree Neither Disagree
18%
29% 26% 28% 28%
36% 37% 31%
40% 40%
22%
25% 28% 27% 30% 23%
16% 25% 26% 12%
58%
45% 42% 42% 41% 35% 41%
38% 36% 36%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

40. Countries with lower rates of net
migration seem more able to
appreciate the cultural benefits of
immigration. Sweden is the outlier
In countries where there is lower average annual net migration
(per 1,000 population), the public seem more likely to think
immigrants make their country an interesting place to live.
Bucking the trend is Sweden, which has a relatively high net
migration rate, but its population are the most positive of all
about the cultural benefits of immigration.

41. Net migration tends to inversely correlate with the belief that immigrants
make a positive cultural contribution, particularly when discounting Sweden
% Agree immigrants make [COUNTRY] a more interesting place to live
50
The outlier. Sweden has a relatively
Sweden high rate of net migration, yet its
population are the most likely to agree
that immigrants make their country a
40
more interesting place to live.
Poland Germany
Great Britain
30
France
Hungary
20
Italy
Belgium Spain
10
R² = 0.38 (including Sweden)
R² = 0.63 (excluding Sweden)
0
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Average annual net migration rate (per 1,000 population), 2005-10
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011, UN Migration Statistics

42. Swedes and Poles are the most positive about the cultural benefits of
immigration. Countries in Southern Europe appear the least positive
Please tell whether you agree or disagree with the following statement:
Immigrants make [COUNTRY] a more interesting place to live
Agree Neither Disagree
30% 32%
32% 42% 41%
46% 43%
53% 52%
60%
23%
14% 30%
24% 28% 24%
24%
26% 28%
21%
44% 39%
35% 33% 28% 29%
23%
19% 18% 18%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

43. Attitudes
towards
European
borders and the
Schengen
agreement
= countries in the Schengen zone

44. Handling immigration correctly is
seen to be key to strengthening
Europe, and most Europeans want
the EU to be involved
Research has shown that immigration policy is regarded as
important to strengthening Europe, more so than defence policy,
foreign policy, cultural policy or the single market.
Six in ten Europeans want to see decisions about immigration
made jointly between national governments and the EU, but
there are wide divergences between countries.

45. Handling immigration policy properly is seen to be
key to strengthening Europe
European integration has been focusing on various issues in the last years. In your opinion,
which aspects should be emphasized by the European institutions in the coming years, to
strengthen the European Union in the future?
EU27
35% 33%
30%
25%
20% 18%
16%
15%
15%
10% 8%
5%
0%
Immigration policy Defence policy Foreign policy The single market Cultural policy
Source: Standard Eurobarometer 74, February 2011

46. The majority of Europeans favour the involvement of the EU in decision-
making about immigration, but there is a wide divergence between
countries
For each of the following areas, do you think that decisions should be made by the [NATIONALITY]
Government, or made jointly within the EU?
Immigration
100%
90%
28
80% 32 35
42 42 43 51
70% 54 50 58 60 60 66 64 66
64 64 66 68 70 66
60% 61 70 69 67
72 76 79
50%
40%
71
66 64
30% 57 56 55
49 45 45
20% 41 38 36 34 34 33 33 32 31 31 31 30 30 27 27 27
10% 21 19 19
0%
National government Jointly with the EU Don't know
Source: Standard Eurobarometer 76, November 2011

47. Yet, when it comes to determining
who is allowed to cross the
border, there is greater support for
national controls
Research shows that residents of most European countries think
national governments should decide how many immigrants are
admitted to their country.

48. When it comes to letting immigrants in, there seems to be
greater support for keeping this as a national prerogative
Some people think that the [NATIONALITY] government should decide how many immigrants are
allowed to come to [COUNTRY] each year. Others think that the European Union should decide how
many immigrants are allowed to come to each European Union country, including [COUNTRY], each
year. Which comes closer to your point of view?
The [NATIONALITY] government should decide how many immigrants are allowed to come to [COUNTRY] each year
The European Union should decide how many immigrants are allowed to come to each European Union country, including [COUNTRY], each year
90% 85%
80%
70% 66% 68%
60%
60%
51%
50% 45% 47%
43%
40% 34%
30%
30% 27%
20%
12%
10%
0%
Source: Transatlantic Trends, Immigration 2010

49. And on balance, most Europeans
favour the reintroduction of border
controls between countries in the
Schengen zone
Outside of Poland, the majority of people in each of the countries
surveyed support the reintroduction of border controls.
Britons are most in favour, even though their country is not in
the zone.

50. Many Europeans support the reintroduction of border controls in the
Schengen zone. This is less the case further East (in Poland and Hungary)
Do you support or oppose the reintroduction of border controls between [COUNTRY] and other
countries in the Schengen zone?
GB asked: The United Kingdom is part of the European Union, but not part of the Schengen area. There are border countrols between the UK and other countries in
the EU. Do you support or oppose the reintroduction of border controls between countries in the Schengen zone?
Oppose border controls Support border controls
12% 26% 31% 30% 30% 34%
31% 43% 45%
63%
74%
64% 62% 61% 59% 54% 51% 56%
48%
28%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011

51. A bordered Europe to control
immigration and improve security
Improving security and controlling immigration are the major
justifications for a reintroduction of border controls.

52. Support for reintroducing border controls hinges on a desire
to control immigration and to improve security
What is the primary reason you support border controls?
Asked only to those who support the reintroduction of border controls
Economic benefits Control immigration Improve security in the country
20% 32% 33%
25% 30% 42%
51% 50% 56% 58%
68% 64% 62% 61% 57%
51%
43% 41% 40% 38%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011. Figures of less than 10% have been left off the chart for clarity.

53. But freedom of travel in a
borderless zone is seen to be a
right by its advocates
Among those who oppose the reintroduction of border controls,
freedom of movement between countries is seen to be a right of
EU membership.

54. While support for Schengen stems from the perception that
freedom of movement within the area is a right of EU membership
What is the primary reason you oppose border controls?
Asked only to those who oppose the reintroduction of border controls
Economic benefits
Do not want to show passport when traveling to other countries
One of the rights of being a member of the European Union
11% 11% 10%
15% 17%
10% 14% 11%
19% 13%
86% 81% 75% 74% 72% 71% 69% 72%
62% 62%
Total
Source: Global @dvisor, June 2011. Figures of less than 10% have been left off the chart for clarity.

55. The European archipelago: Europeans want
a tougher approach to immigration, which
could mean reintroducing border controls
 There seems to be support for a joint European approach to managing
immigration.
 However, there is an unwillingness to give up what is seen to be a national
prerogative, the admission of immigrants, to European control.
 The majority of European citizens favour the reintroduction of border
controls within the Schengen zone to improve security and control
immigration.
 Amidst economic difficulties and rising immigration, Europeans want a
stronger, more secure Europe where nations are able to effectively regulate
immigration and minimize its perceived negative effects.

56. Ipsos contacts:
Bobby Duffy
Managing Director, Ipsos MORI Social Research Institute
Bobby.duffy@ipsos.com
Tom Frere-Smith
Senior Research Executive, Ipsos MORI Social Research Institute
Tom.frere-smith@ipsos.com

57. Technical note
Ipsos Global @dvisor is conducted online in 24 countries:
LATAM: Argentina, Brazil, Mexico
BRIC: Brazil, Russia, India, China
Europe: Belgium, France, Germany, Great Britain, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain, Sweden
APAC: Australia, Indonesia, Japan, South Korea
North America: Canada, United States of America
Middle East/Africa: Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey
An international sample of 17,601 adults aged 18-64 in the US and Canada, and age 16-64 in all other countries, were interviewed for this
study. Approximately 1000 individuals participated in each country with the exception of Argentina, Belgium, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland,
Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Sweden and Turkey, where each had a sample of 500.
Fieldwork was conducted in June 2011.
Results were weighted to balance demographics and ensure that the sample's composition reflected the adult population of each country
according Census data.
A survey statistic drawn from an unweighted probability sample of this size and a 100% response rate would have an estimated margin of
error of +/-3.1 percentage points (sample of 1,000), or +/- 4.5 percentage points (sample of 500), 19 times out of 20, from the same statistic
drawn from the entire population of adults in each country if they had been polled.
Results are nationally representative. Respondents are general population, with the exception of China, India, and South Africa where the
sample is made up of more affluent adults.
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