1.
Data Lakes? – The role of Data
Science in improving healthcare
Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare
Dr Dennis Kehoe

2.
Agenda
• The development of “data lakes” within a HealthCLOUD
environment.
• Opportunities for the use of data science to transform
Population Health.
• Examples of how data science technologies can transform
healthcare.
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 2

3.
AIMES Background
• University of Liverpool spin-out
specialising in cloud technologies for
healthcare
• Large scale cloud infrastructure built
at Kilby House, Liverpool with
1.5MVA and 200 racks of capacity
• N3 Aggregator since 2015 and NHS
IG Toolkit Certified (to Level 3)
ISO27001:2013 compliant
• Currently deploying the first HSCN/TN
connections – with diverse providers
• “HealthCLOUD” services built upon
VMWare stack built upon Dell
technology and Cisco networks
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 3

4.
“Big Data” developments at AIMES
• To date AIMES have deployed cloud technologies specifically for healthcare in;
• Hosting of large-scale clinical systems (Allscripts EPR, The Renal Registry,
Chelsea Westminster Service Desk…..)
• Deployment of Trustworthy Research Environments (Cambridge, Durham,
UCL….)
• Cloud infrastructure for Interoperable Health Exchanges (London,
Lancashire…..)
• Drivers for this first phase have been resiliency, N3 connectivity, security, IG and
recurrent costing
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 4

5.
What the term “Data Lake” means at AIMES
• AIMES has created a Trustworthy Research Environment (TRE), which is a data science/analytics
environment that utilises strict standards of research, data security and privacy. The TRE is ideal for data
scientists/analysts who are looking to access sensitive data and generate algorithms in an ISO27001 and IG
Toolkit compliant cloud-based e-infrastructure.
• The TRE comprises three zones, an IHE-based interoperability provisioning zone (IPZ), an NHS HSCN facing
data-provisioning zone (DPZ) and an internet facing analytics provisioning zone (AZ). The DPZ provides
extract transform and load (ETL) tools to produce data pipelines, which automate the transformation and
loading of datasets into a data warehouse. The AZ, which is accessed via two-factor authentication and a
client VPN provides analysts/data scientists a data science virtual machine, typically comprising 8 cores and
64GB RAM and access to common open source software such as R, R Studio and Spark for data mining.
• Only duly authorised individuals are granted access to relevant data-sets in the TRE. To become duly
authorised, an individual must attend specific training such as Research Data and Confidentiality e-learning
course provided by the MRC (https://byglearning.com/mrcrsc-lms/course/view.php?id=2). The TRE also
provides appropriate statistical, data mining and geospatial analytical software to enable them to analyse
and visualise the data.
• The TRE allows the data owner to grant access to duly authorised individuals in a ‘walled-garden’ which
provides data scientists with all of the software tools required to wrangle data, develop algorithms and test
models on behalf of the data owner in a cloud-based ISO27001 environment.
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 5

6.
AIMES Approach
• Recruitment of a team of data scientists at
AIMES and investment in infrastructure
• Focus upon 3 key technologies
• Elastic Search
• Machine Learning
• Natural Language Processing
• Developments in the application of data
science to healthcare have led to the
application of temporal analysis and the
concept of “chronotyping”
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 6

7.
AIMES Approach
• Working as part of the Connected Health Cities
programme AIMES have developed 3 distinct
generations of Data Ark
• Focus upon 3 care pathways impacting
unplanned emergency care;
• Epilepsy
• COPD
• Alcohol abuse
• The aim of this programme is to create a
Learning Healthcare System providing data
visualisation, cohort creation and personalised
interventions.
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 7

8.
TRE – Phase 1 : NWC Ark - CSVs & Statistics
SFTP Server
VPN
Institution Level
Data Sharing Agreement
Managed OS
Antivirus Running
Patched and Updated
ISO 27001 Certified / IG Compliant (Level 3 100%)
Analyst
Mandatory Training
- Data Protection Act
- IG Training
- MRC Safe Researcher Training
RRAS / AD
File Server
VDI Broker Active Directory
Analyst Nodes (VDI Pool)
Analytics Zone
Digital Airlock
Data Provisioning Zone
File Server
Local Provider Data;
• Acute
• Ambulance
• Community
• Demand for Service
• Other data
• Diagnostic Services
• Emergency Care
• Mental Health
Secondary
Uses Service
(SUS)
Local Flows
DSCRO NW
Local Flows
SUS
LF
Patient Identifiable data flow
Pseudonymised data flow
ETL
Database Server
Disclosure Control Policy
DUO 2FA
Quad Core 2.7Ghz
48GB Ram
1TB Storage
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 8

9.
TRE Phase 2 – Durham Ark - SQL & Data Science
SFTP Server
VPN
Institution Level
Data Sharing Agreement
Managed OS
Antivirus Running
Patched and Updated
ISO 27001 Certified / IG Compliant (Level 3 100%)
Analyst
Mandatory Training
- Data Protection Act
- IG Training
- MRC Safe Researcher Training
Analyst Nodes (VDI Pool)
Analytics Zone
Digital Airlock
Data Provisioning Zone
File Server
Pseudonymised data flow
ETL
Disclosure Control Policy
DUO 2FA
Auckland
Medical Group
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 9

10.
Phase 3 - IHE + Data Lakes + Big Data Tooling
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 10
Interoperability
Provisioning
Zone
Data
Provisioning
Zone
Analytics
Provisioning
Zone

11.
AIMES Healthcare Applications
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 11
AF/Stroke Cancer Care
Depression

12.
Future Implications
• The first stage of “HealthCLOUD” has led to the creation of regional
and then national health information exchanges will make rich
data sets available for service transformation and research
• This transformation in the availability of linked health data at scale
has the potential to transform clinical pathways in areas such as
stroke prevention, crisis prevention in mental health and cancer
care
• The emergence of “Data-Science-as-a-Service” will require new
collaborations and new skills, a new model of consent and patient
engagement and new infrastructure technologies.
February 2018 Ecosystem 15 – Digital Connectivity in Healthcare 12

13.
Discussion
Dr Dennis F Kehoe
dennis.Kehoe@aimes.net
March 18 13