pollution reduction methids

1. AIR POLLUTION
OLUWADARE, T.
DEPARTMENTS OF COMMUNITY
MEDICINE & PUBLIC HEALTH

2. Introduction
• Air is one of the components of environmental
health on which all forms of life depends
• It is the Earth’s atmosphere
• It is the clear gas in which living things live and
breathe

3. Definition
• Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals,
particulate matter, or biological materials into the
atmosphere that cause harm or discomfort to
humans or other living organisms, or cause
damage to the natural environment or built
environment.

5. Definition
• Air pollution is defined as the presence of one or
more contaminants or combination in such
quantities and such durations that tends to be
injurious to human, animal or plant life or
property, or which unreasonably interferes with
the comfortable enjoyment of life or property or
conduct of business.

6. Types of AP
• Indoor air pollution
• Out door air pollution
.

7. Pollutants
• Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles,
liquid droplets, or gases- Co, Nitrous oxide,
Sulphur dioxide.
• Primary pollutants
• They are produced directly from identifiable
sources
• Secondary pollutants
• They are produced in the atmosphere when
certain chemical reactions take place among
primary pollutants

8. Pollutants contd.
• Primary pollutants
• Particulate matter ( aerosols, dust, smoke,
fumes, mist, fog
• Sulphur dioxide
• Nitrogen oxides
• Carbon monoxide
• Lead
• Hydrocarbons

9. Pollutants contd.
• Sources of Secondary pollutants
• Smog

10. Sources
• Sources of primary pollutants
• Man-made
• Combustion processes
• Chemical processes
• Nuclear or atomic processes
• Roasting, heating and refining processes
• Mining, quarrying and farming
• Natural
• Volcanoes
• Pollen grains
• Forest fire
• dust storms,
• spores, bacteria and other microorganism

18. Sources contd.
• Indoor air pollution
• It is more dangerous than outdoor pollution
because we do everything in enclosed
environments where air circulation may be
restricted.
• Sources of indoor air pollution include:
• Tobacco smoke
• Cooking and heating appliances
• Vapors from building materials

19. Sources contd.
• Outdoor air pollution
• Sources include:
• Smoke emitted by vehicles
• Smoke from forest fires or open burning
• Dust raised by crushing of stones in quarries
• Dust raised during dust storms
• Smoke from burning of coals in power houses
• Germs from coughing and sneezing
• Smog

20. Effects
• Air pollution has effect on many aspects of human
existence namely:
• Environment, health, economy, climate system, ecosystem, forestry
and agriculture

21. Effects contd.
• Direct effects on health
• Aggravate asthma
• Acute respiratory symptoms
• Chronic bronchitis
• Decreased lung function
• Irritation of the eye, nose and throat
• Damage to the heart and brain
• Premature death
• Damage to liver and kidney
• Lung cancer
• Skin cancer

22. Effects contd.
• Indirect effects on health
• Climate change
• Decrease yield in agriculture
• Cause deterioration of building materials
• Acid rain

24. Prevention and control
• Sustainable development
• Containment
• International actions
• New technologies , eco-conversion
• Lower combustion
• Lower emissions
• Modification in industrial processes
• Selection of suitable site and zoning for industrial unit
• Enforcing environmental protection laws

25. Prevention and control contd.
• Car pool
• It is the forming and implementing the reduction in the
number of cars, thereby preventing air pollution by cutting
down the use of fossil fuels.
• Vehicle care
• Timely servicing of cars to minimize fuel exhaust
• Driving at an average speed and turning off in traffic are
rules of the thumb to save fuel
• The use of unleaded petrol and regular pollution checking
of your cars
• Alternative energy source
• Alternative energy sources such as solar, hydroelectric,
wind energy
• Saving energy
• Discouraging open burning of refuse
• Recycling

26. Assignment
• Explain the following
• Ozone layer depletion
• Green house gases and green house effect
• Global warming, causes and effects