Presentation by ITTO on Forest Landscape Restoration and the ITTO guidelines.

1. ITTO and Forest
Landscape Restoration
Workshop on Forest Landscape
Restoration
Bali Prana Dewi, 12-15 May 2009
INTERNATIONAL TROPICAL TIMBER ORGANIZATION

2. Content
• ITTO in General
• ITTO’s interest in FLR
• Relevant ITTO Guidelines:
– ITTO Guidelines for the restoration, management
and rehabilitation of degraded and secondary
tropical forests
– ITTO/IUCN Guidelines for the conservation and
sustainable use of biodiversity in tropical
production forests

3. The International Tropical Timber
Organization
• created by the ITTA,
1983
• currently operates
under the ITTA, 1994
• ITTA 2006 soon to
come into force
• has a secretariat of 40
people based in
Yokohama, Japan

4. ITTO Objectives
-To promote the sustainable management of tropical
timber-producing forests
-To promote the expansion and diversification of
international trade in tropical timber from sustainably
managed and legally harvested forests

5. Membership
ITTO:
• brings together tropical timber producers
and consumers as equal partners in
decision-making
• currently has 60 member countries
ITTO membership represents:
• over 90% of world tropical timber trade
• over 80% of the world’s tropical forests

6. Producer member countries
Africa Asia Latin America
Cameroon Cambodia Bolivia
Central African Rep. Fiji Brazil
Congo India Colombia
Cote d’Ivoire Indonesia Ecuador
Dem. Rep. of Congo Malaysia Guatemala
Gabon Myanmar Guyana
Ghana Papua New Guinea Honduras
Liberia Philippines Mexico
Nigeria Thailand Panama
Togo Vanuatu Peru
Suriname
Trinidad & Tobago
Venezuela

7. Consumer member countries
Australia Germany Norway
Austria Greece Poland
Belgium/Lux. Ireland Portugal
Canada Italy Sweden
China Japan Switzerland
Denmark Korea UK
Egypt Nepal USA
Finland Netherlands EU
France New Zealand

8. Areas of work
• Economic information and market
intelligence (EIMI)
• Forest industry (FI)
• Reforestation and forest management
(RFM)
• Communication

9. Economic information and market
intelligence (EIMI)
• Timber trade and markets
• Statistics
• Market access
• Certification
• Ecosystem services

10. Forest industry (FI)
• Value adding
• Reduced impact logging
• Efficiency
• Marketing

11. Reforestation and forest management
(RFM)
• Forest management planning
• Criteria & indicators
• Forest Landscape Restoration
• Community forestry
• Forest fire management
• Biodiversity & transboundary conservation
• Mangroves

12. Donors
Financial contributions may be made by any
country or organization.
Donors for project work and other activities
include:
Japan Australia
Switzerland Finland
United States South Korea
Norway Private Sector
Netherlands
EU

13. ITTO acts through…
• Policy related
activities
• Projects
• Communication
and information
sharing
• Thematic
Programmes

14. ITTO projects
• ITTO has provided grants worth
over US$375 million
• more than 750 projects funded
• about 150 projects currently under
way
• employ more than 500 local
professionals in the tropics

15. Examples of ITTO projects
• GLOMIS – Global Mangrove Database & Information System
(www.glomis.com )
• Training on RIL (Indonesia, Brazil, Cameroon, Cambodia)
• Forest restoration projects (Ghana, Thailand, Colombia)
• Forest assessment, mapping and inventory (Gabon, Cameroon)
• Building capacity for A/R CDM (Africa, Latin America, Asia)
All projects with the primary objective of promoting SFM

16. ITTO’s transboundary conservation
program
Region Countries Area
Lanjak-Entimau/ Malaysia/Indonesia 1.1 m ha
Betung Kerihun
Phatam Thailand/Cambodia 0.13 m ha
Kayan Mentarang/ Indonesia/Malaysia 1.55 m ha
Pulong Tau
Condor Range Peru/Ecuador 2.42 m ha
Tambopata/ Peru/Bolivia 2.85 m ha
Madidi
Northern Congo Congo/Cameroon/CAR 1.7 m ha
Mengamé Cameroon/Gabon 0.14 m ha
Total 9.9 m ha

17. ITTO and Indonesia
• ITTO projects since 1987
– PD 17/87 – “Investigation on the steps needed to
rehabilitate the areas of East Kalimantan seriously
affected by fires”
– PD 271/04 – “Rehabilitation of degraded forest
land involving local communities in West Java”
• 51 projects implemented
• 9 projects current operational
• ITTO investment of +- $28 million
• ITTOProjectsinIndonesia-DB-12May09.pdf

18. Policy work
ITTO Guidelines ( SFM,
Forest Restoration,
Biodiversity Guidelines,
Planted tropical forests, etc)

19. Communication and information sharing
•Status of Forest Management in the Tropics
ITTO : SFM Tropics 2005
•Annual Review and Assessment of the
World Timber Situation 2007
• ITTO Guidelines ( Forest Restoration,
Biodiversity Guidelines ,planted tropical
forests, etc)
• TFU , Tropical Timber Market Report
www.itto.int

20. Thematic Programmes:
A new mechanism for support
• ITTO’s new mechanism to support member
countries
• Five cross-cutting Themes approved in the
last Council:
1. Reducing Deforestation and Forest
Degradation and Enhancing
Environmental Services – REDDES
2. Tropical Forest Law Enforcement,
Governance and Trade – TFLET
3. Community Forest Management and
Enterprises
4. Trade and Market Transparency
5. Industry Development and Efficiency

21. Thematic Programmes
in operation
• REDDES
• TFLET
• CITES/ITTO
Initiative

22. ITTO and Forest
Landscape Restoration

28. Direct causes of forest area change by region 1990-2000
70
60
Percentage of total area change
50
40
30
20
10
0
Africa Latin America Asia Pan-Tropical
Expansion of shifting cultivation into undisturbed forests
Intensification of agriculture in shifting cultivation areas
Direct conversion of forest area to small-scale permanent agriculture
Direct conversion of forest area to large-scale permanent agriculture
Gains in forest area and canopy cover
Other

29. Degraded and Secondary
Forests in the Tropics
• Approx. 850 million ha (the size of US)
• Only 45% of tropical forests are still on
continuous forest landscapes
• Local communities manage
secondary/degraded forests for their
livelihoods
• Gained new momentum with REDD
– Difficult to assess degradation

30. Degradation Thresholds
100
Crown Original status ”Undegraded
cover forest”
% 80
Restoration
Rehabilitation Forest
”Degraded
forest”
A/R
10 ”Non-forest”
Time

31. Degradation and SFM Elements
SFM element Potential indicators (examples)
1.Extent of forest Forest cover, stand density, degree of
resources fragmentation
2.Biological diversity Ecosystem diversity, species diversity, genetic
diversity, degree of fragmentation, connectivity
3.Forest health and Area affected by pests, diseases, fire, storm
vitality damage, etc.
4.Productive Stocking level, MAI, age structure, NTFP yield
functions of forest
resources
5.Protective Soil erosion, water quality and runoff, etc.
functions of forest
resources
6.Socio-economic Value of forest products, recreation and tourism;
functions of forests cultural and community values; employment;
income; area available for recreation, area
available to indigenous people
7.Contribution to the Carbon stock (biomass/soil), growing stock
carbon cycle/climate
change by forests

32. What climate change people look
at:
• Aditionality
• Permanence
• Avoided leakage

33. Levels of Assessment
Ø National
Ø Sub-national
Ø Landscape
Ø Forest management unit
Ø Stand
Implications for (inter alia)
è Choice of inidicators
è Choice of assessment methodology

34. SFM
FLR
“... going in the same direction”
www.itto.int

35. ITTO Guidelines

36. -Definitions (pg 10-
11)
-Management
Strategies (pg. 23)
- 49 Principles and
160
Recommendations
(pg 32 – 49)
-Glossary (pg 57)
-Annexes (pg 62 – 84)