Reformas e auto-reformas da educação no Brasil

1 de 17

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Reformas e auto-reformas da educação no Brasil
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(VIÑAO FRAGO, 1994, p. 31. Grifo da autora)

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http://www.rizoma-freireano.org/index.php/reformas-e-auto-reformas-da-educacao-no-brasil?tmpl=component&print=1&page=

2 de 17

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(FIALA, 1995. Tradução da autora).

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3 de 17

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4 de 17

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O&)&'%*A-$)'*+?*+=*)'*<?&'="+Y%"7&'F'$H$)?@+$'&H)$(@+=&)'&')*5A*bL$'<$P)*'$'?*%&/

Poder central e poder local
B$%*7*%$<'H$)'A*%P)&)'K@*'&';"<L$'=$'H$=*)'7*+?)&A'*bH)*<<&'@%'A@Q&)'=*'$+=*'<*';_
&')*&A"=&=*/'I'H*)7*HML$'=$'H$=*)'A$7&A'=*A&'="(*)*'+L$'&H*+&<'H$)'@%&'K@*<?L$'=*
H*)<H*7?";&9'%&<9'?&%PF%9'*9'<$P)*?@=$9'H$)'<*)'*<?&'@%&'<"?@&ML$'+&'K@&A'<*'"+<7)*;*'&
="&AF?"7&'=$%"+&=$).=$%"+&=$/'G*<=*'&'7-*Q&=&'=$<'H)"%*")$<'H$)?@Q@*<*<9'&'-"<?U)"&
=$'`)&<"A'F'H*)%*&=&'H*A$'*%P&?*'H$=*)'7*+?)&A'c'H$=*)'A$7&A/'B$%$'P*%'*bH)*<<&'&


6 de 17

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H$<<*'=&<'?*))&<';*)=*[&+?*<'*'<@&<')"K@*#&<9'$'K@*'<*'K@*)"&'*)&'Z<&A;&)'*<?&'Q*+?*'VgW/
6*%P)*%$<'K@*'Z*<?&'Q*+?*')*<"<?"@'&'<*)'<&A;&'$'K@&+?$'H$=*/'s&<'&<'&)%&<'=*'@+<'*
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*+?L$'*'=*'=*H$"</'d&A'+&))&?";&'($"'*<7)"?&'7$%'&<';"=&<'=$<'-&P"?&+?*<'A$7&"<'K@*
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7$+-*7"=$<'K@*'P*%'"A@<?)&%'&'?*+<L$'H*)%&+*+?*'*+?)*'$<'x=*'($)&y'*'$<'x=*'=*+?)$y9'$<
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A$7&A'*'$'H$=*)'7*+?)&A'*bH)*<<&%'@%&')*A&ML$'H*)%*&=&'=*'7$+?)&="MJ*<9'F'$H$)?@+$
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?UH"7$'="<7@?*'&AQ@%&<'"=F"&<'*%'?$)+$'=$'&<<@+?$/

Poder local e educação
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H*)%"<<L$'H&)&'(&#*)'&5A$)&)'&<';$+?&=*<'A$7&"</'j*<<*'%*<%$'7$+?*b?$9'&?)&;F<'=$'I?$
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"+<7)*;*+=$.<*'7$%$'?*%&'=*7"<";$'=*'<@&'?)&[*?U)"&/'j$'<F7@A$'ww'($"'&<<@+?$'=*
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+$'7$+?*b?$'=&')*=*%$7)&?"#&ML$9'&HU<'$'5"%'=$'><?&=$'j$;$/
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7 de 17

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<$P)*'&'K@&A'<*'($)?&A*7*%'$<'&A"7*)7*<'=$'H$=*)'A$7&A'+$'7&%H$'*=@7&7"$+&A/'o<
s@+"7NH"$<'H&<<&%'&'$(*)?&)'7$%'H)"$)"=&=*'$<'&+$<'"+"7"&"<'=*'*<7$A&)"#&ML$
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*+<"+$'$P)"Q&?U)"$'D*+<"+$'(@+=&%*+?&AE'*'$(*)*7*)'7$%'H)"$)"=&=*'$'*+<"+$'%F="$/
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=*<7*+?)&A"#&ML$'=$<'*+7&)Q$<'*=@7&7"$+&"<')*A&?";$<'a'*<7$A&)"=&=*'PC<"7&/'>%'$@?)&<
H&A&;)&<9'&%HA"&.<*'$'H&H*A'=$'H$=*)'A$7&A'+$'K@*'<*')*(*)*'a'$(*)?&'=*'<*);"M$<'&$
%*<%$'?*%H$'*%'K@*'<*'&?)"P@"'+$;&<')*<H$+<&P"A"=&=*<'a'*<7$A&/
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H$=*)'A$7&A9'F'$H$)?@+$';"<@&A"#&)'$'%$;"%*+?$'&?F'&K@"'=*<7)"?$/'I'h"Q@)&'1'H)$7@)&
<"+?*?"#&)'?&A'%$;"%*+?$9'<"?@&+=$.$'*%'?*)%$<'=*'*<(*)&<'=*'H$=*)'H$AN?"7$/


8 de 17

d&A'7$%$'+&'h"Q@)&'39'H)$7@)&.<*'&K@"'?)&=@#")'&?)&;F<'=*'@%&'"%&Q*%'&')*A&ML$'*+?)*
&<'*<(*)&<'=$'O$=*)'O^PA"7$'*'H$AN?"7$'+L$'<L$'*<?&+K@*</'I$'7$+?)C)"$9'?_%'&)?"7@A&ML$
)*7NH)$7&/'O$)'"<<$'%*<%$9'"=F"&<'=*')*($)%&'*'=*'&@?$.)*($)%&'Q*)&=&<'+@%&
"+<?Y+7"&'H$=*%'<*)'="<<*%"+&=&<'H&)&'$@?)&/
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+*%'<*%H)*'?*%'7$))*<H$+="=$'&'@%&'%&"$)'&@?$+$%"&'$@'%*<%$'')3$;'&)'-#'=$<
&?$)*<'K@*'7")7@A&%'+*<?&'*<(*)&/'o'K@*'?*%'<"=$'$P<*);&=$'F'@%'($)?&A*7"%*+?$'=$
H$=*)'7*+?)&A'+&<'=*5"+"MJ*<'=*'H$AN?"7&'*=@7&7"$+&A9'+&'K@&A'+L$'*<?C'H)*;"<?&'Q)&+=*
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7$))*<H$+=*'H)&?"7&%*+?*'&H*+&<'a'*=@7&ML$'<@H*)"$)'(*=*)&A/
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%$;"%*+?$<'=*'&@?$.)*($)%&'?_%'+$<'%@+"7NH"$<'*<H&M$<'=*'%&?*)"&A"#&ML$/
B&P*'A*%P)&)9'?$=&;"&9'K@*'&<'"+"7"&?";&<'*b"?$<&<'+L$'?_%'?"=$'&'<@<?*+?&P"A"=&=*
+*7*<<C)"&'H&)&'&<<*Q@)&)'&'7$+?"+@"=&=*'=*'H)$[*?$<'"+$;&=$)*<'D8]>]!I9'1232E/'IAQ$
&7$+?*7*'+&'*<(*)&'%@+"7"H&A'K@*'"+;"&P"A"#&'&'7$+?"+@"=&=*'=*'<@&<'H$AN?"7&<'*9'H$)
7*)?$9'"<?$'?*%'&';*)'7$%'K@*<?J*<')*A&?";&<'a'="+Y%"7&'=$'H$=*)'A$7&A9'&<<"%'7$%$'=&
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9 de 17

I'=*<7$+?"+@"=&=*'=&'Q*<?L$9'<@P$)="+&=&'&'"+?*)*<<*<'=*'Q$;*)+$<'K@*';_%'*';L$9
)*H)*<*+?&'?)&M$'H*)+"7"$<$'a'7$+7)*?"#&ML$'=&'$P)&'*=@7&?";&/'4$P)*'$'&<<@+?$9'F
$H$)?@+&'&'$P<*);&ML$'=*'B@+-&S
B$%$'&7$+?*7*@'*%';C)"$<'*<?&=$<'*'%@+"7NH"$<9'H$AN?"7&<'*=@7&7"$+&"<'P*%
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Gestão democrática da educação – explicitando um
movimento de (auto)reforma
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10 de 17

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)&#J*<9'&<'*<7$A-&<'=*'=")"Q*+?*<'H*A&'7$%@+"=&=*'+L$'<*'Q*+*)&A"#&)&%'+$'H&N<9'?*+=$
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11 de 17

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%*7&+"<%$<'=*%$7)C?"7$<'R'"+7A@<";*'*A*"ML$'=")*?&'=*'=")*?$)*<c&<'*')*"?$)*<c&<9'H$)
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A*"'*<H*7N5"7&/

(BRASIL. MEC, 2010, p. 43-44. Grifo da Autora).

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(BRASIL. MEC, 2010, p. 44. Grifo da autora)

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*b?)&N=&<'=&'7&+ML$'H$H@A&)')*(*)"=&<'+&'*HNQ)&(*'=*<?*'?*b?$'7$%$'%$?*'H&)&'5"+&A"#&)9
[@AQ&%$<'<*)'H$<<N;*A'&5")%&)'7$%'P&<*'+$<'&)Q@%*+?$<'&H)*<*+?&=$<'&'*b"<?_+7"&'=*
@%'+*b$'*+?)*'$<'=$"<'H)$7*<<$</'4*'*%'H)"+7NH"$'&<'!"#$%&'($&)!*'<L$'%$;"%*+?$<'Z=*
=*+?)$'H)&'($)&'*'&<'&'($&)!*'=*'Z($)&'H)&'=*+?)$9'+&'H)C?"7&9'@%&<'*'$@?)&<'<*
&)?"7@A&%'%@?@&%*+?*/'O$)'"<<$'%*<%$'Z&'?$=&'-$)&'*'&'Z?$=$'%$%*+?$'F'H)*7"<$


12 de 17

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H&)&'$'<"<?*%&/

Referências
I68>49'hC?"%&'B)"<?"+&/'Zs&H*&%*+?$'=&<'H$AN?"7&<'=*'*<7$A-&'=*'=")*?$)*<'=&'*<7$A&'*
=*'&;&A"&ML$'+&')*=*'H^PA"7&'=&<'7&H"?&"<'P)&<"A*")&</'!*,"-.&'/)&-"0*")&'1*'2-.31$-
4*1&565"7$-8'`)&<NA"&9';/'q29'+/'11l9'H/'f3.0g9'[&+/c&P)/'122q/
I`!Iso8I|9's")"&%'D7$$)=/E'*?'&A/'2-7$0&-'"+$,&1$)&-S'*bH*)"_+7"&<'P*%.<@7*="=&<
*%'*<7$A&<'H^PA"7&</'`)&<NA"&S':j>4Bo9's"+"<?F)"$'=&'>=@7&ML$9'122i/
Ì669'4?*H-*+'}/'2137&."$+'9$0"7:'&+1'-$7"&0'70&--S'?-*'<*A*7?*='~$)•<'$('4?*H-*+
`&AA/'6$+=$+S'!$@?AA*=Q*9'122g/
€€€€€€9'òp>9'!"7-&)=/'Z4@P[*7?'=*H&)?%*+?<'&+='?-*'Z"%HA*%*+?&?"$+'$('j&?"$+&A
B@))"7@A@%'H$A"7TS'&+'$;*);"*~'$('?-*'"<<@*</';$3)+&0'$<'=3))"7303%'>.31"*-?'6$+=$+9
;/'1l9'+/'19'H/'qf.33e9'3qq1/
`]ddI!9's&)"A@7*n'o6]8>]!I9'}$L$'h*))*")&'=*'D$)Q</E/'@*-.A$'*'9$0B."7&-'1&'*137&CA$/
!"$'=*'}&+*")$S'GO•I9'122l/
ò!G]mjoj9'm*+@N+$/'Zm*<?L$'=*%$7)C?"7&'=&'*<7$A&'7"=&=L/']+/'4>G:B/'D$,$-
9&)&1"5%&-'1*'5*-.A$'*-7$0&)/'h$)?&A*#&S'>="MJ*<'4>G:B9'122e9'H/'1f.lg/
`!I4]6/'O)*<"=_+7"&'=&'!*H^PA"7&/'B&<&'B";"A/'=$+-.".3"CA$'1&'!*9EF0"7&'(*1*)&.",&
1$'/)&-"0'1*'GHII8'G"<H$+N;*A'*%S'‚B$+<?"?@"M&$ƒ'I7*<<$'*%S'12'[@+/'1232/
€€€€€/'J*"'+K'H8LHM?'1*'NO'1*'1*#*%F)$'1*'GHHP/'><?&P*A*7*'&<'=")*?)"#*<'*'P&<*<'=&
*=@7&ML$'+&7"$+&A/'G"<H$+N;*A'*%S'‚6qiqlƒ'I7*<<$'*%S'3g'<*?/'122q/
€€€€€/'J*"'+Q'GO8GRN?'1*'H'1*'S&+*")$'1*'NOOG/'IH)$;&'$'OA&+$'j&7"$+&A'=*'>=@7&ML$'*
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13 de 17

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14 de 17

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15 de 17

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16 de 17

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