This document summarizes the proceedings from Breakout Session 1 on Undernutrition at a conference. It discusses several key topics: - The question of how to make agriculture systems and related policies work better for health and nutrition. - The need to strengthen the link between agriculture research/programs and reducing undernutrition through more cost-effective approaches under various conditions. - Some progress that has been made in recognizing links between farm production, diets, and nutrition outcomes, as well as the importance of gender dimensions. - Recommendations around developing guidance for research designs, choice of nutrition outcomes and pathway indicators to measure, and harmonizing survey instruments.