Livestock research priorities for Africa (CAADP Pillar 4)
1. Livestock research priorities for Africa (CAADP Pillar 4) John McDermott (ILRI) Ralph von Kaufmann (FARA) Inter-Agency Donor Group meeting Nairobi, Kenya, 10-13 May 2011
2. Livestock research priorities for Africa (CAADP Pillar 4) The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP) Goal: to raise agricultural production by 6% per annum The minimum to get ahead of population growth and sustainably reduce extreme poverty and hunger This cannot be achieved without commensurate improvements in livestock production because the livestock sector accounts for more than 25% AGDP without improvements in animal productivity there will be a shortage of animal source foods and children will be stunted both physically and mentally
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4. Investment priorities for African ARfD Effective policies, support services & actions Effective policies, support services and actions for Improving agricultural productivity Advisory Services Agricultural Education and Training Research
6. Increasing agricultural productivity necessary to protect the environment Contribution of yield increase & area expansion to increases cereals production 1980-2003 Nearly 80% of increase in cereals production in Africa is mainly through expansion of land under cultivation. Climate change worsens effect of degradation caused by cultivating / grazing on fragile land
7. Investment priorities for African ARfD Priorities for achieving effective policies, support services and actions for improving agricultural productivity 1. Organizational development and Institutional reforms 2. Policy reforms and policy review structures 3. Knowledge; analysis and evidence based planning 5. Partnerships and coalitions and collective responsibility 4. Capacity development and alignment/harnessing
13. Integration and synthesis of knowledgeImplementers Applied research and know-how Public and Private Sectors Development NGOs, Government Departments, Civil society organizations, private sector and private investors Research - Development Partnerships
14. Livestock research priorities for AfricaResearch approaches to achieving CAADP pillars III – Food Security and reducing hunger II – Rural Infrastructure and Capacities for Market Success I – Land and Water Management Research to support Optimizing Livestock Production Systems Research to support Priority Livestock Sector Value-Chain Development
15. Livestock research priorities for AfricaResearch to support priority value chains in different countries #1 Targeting - Foresight, Prioritization, Gender, Impact Aligning research that supports specific value chains in specific countries and promotes spill-overs through regional efforts #3 Strategies for value chain development #2 Improved technologies: − Genetics − Feeds − Health Commodity X in Country Y Cross-cutting: M&E, communications, capacity building Consumers
20. Livestock research priorities for AfricaResearch to support optimizing production systems Contributing to Pillar I – land and water management Major continental, regional and national issues Incentives for sustainable livestock production in the most suitable areas Protecting forests and watersheds and promoting livestock production in most appropriate landscapes Managing tradeoffs – food, feed, fuels, conservation agriculture // smallholdings versus commercial
21. Sustainably intensify smallholdermixed crop-livestock systems Research Priorities Improved integrated crop-livestock options to increase productivity and incomes in different settings and can adapt and optimize these. Tools and approaches to better assess tradeoffs, incentives and institutional arrangements in smallholder systems
22. Enhance resilience and manage vulnerability in pastoral systems Research Priorities Knowledge and tools appropriate and feasible for use by communities to make decisions on managing risks and diversity their livelihood options. Risk management tools and livestock investment options for decision makers to better support communities in diversifying their options, coping with shocks and quickly recovering from them.
23. ILRI’s Future in the Emerging Global Context Enhancing benefits and managing the risks of livestock production Priorities Infectious diseases Livestock and climate change Adaptation and role of livestock Mitigation options and contribution of Africa livestock systems Benefits and risks for: Women Marginal peoples and communities
24. Livestock research priorities for Africa Contribute to broader agricultural research for development (opportunities and challenges in CAADP) Fits to continental, regional and national contexts (smallholders, growth in local markets, important role of women) Considers tradeoffs and enhancing the benefits and mitigating the risks of livestock production
Research is one of the key support functions. Recognize that it must be adequately integrated with the other functions for its outputs to translate into impact—increased agricultural productivity. On its own research in unlikely to deliver the desired impact. A key question is how should the research, advisory services and AET be organized to assure maximum attainable benefits.
This is part of the evidence that with the right mix of interventions leading to increased agricultural productivity, countries can achieve reduction in poverty and hunger and increased household income. Ghana has already achieved the MDG 1 target on hunger and aiming for middle-income country status.
In Africa most of the production increase (80%) has come from expansion of arable land. The outcome is deforestation with local and global consequences e.g. Climate change. This underscores the need for improving productivity.
These are largely support functions. They are developed to support research for development on the broad themes captured on the next slide.
These are broad research themes Strengthened capacities: capacity to build capacity. Mind-set changes
Strategic documents. The CAADP Pillar IV strategy is the missing strategic document to guide FARA’s programmes, in addition to strategic plan and MTOP.
Sustainable intensification of smallholder crop-livestock systemsOutcomesBetter options for increasing the productivity of mixed crop-livestock systems, and the incomes they generate, in different settingsBetter understanding of the tradeoffs among food, feed, fuel and conservation agriculture
Outcomes can come at different levels and scales. We need to pay attention to making sure we accomplish different necessary steps properly and think about how to speed up the overall process of going-to-scale. To keep the momentum we need to manage the communication and expectations moving forward.What can speed up the process. Engaging and being good at partnerships. Finding more resources (people and money). Livestock and crop researchers together produce ‘food-feed’ crop varieties These ‘dual-purpose’ crops are dispersed through seed systems And linked to livestock feed trader systems The research is expanded to different crops and how they might be combined And adopted in private-sector feed formulation – value-chain hubs and out-scaling through private and public development programs