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Climate and efficiency gains in dairy systems: Pilot project
1. Climate and efficiency gains in dairy systems:
Pilot project
Luke Kessei
State Department of Livestock, Kenya
CLEANED Project East Africa Stakeholder Consultation on Dairy and
Environment Nairobi, Kenya, 18 September 2013
2. INTRODUCTION
• The agriculture sector, including livestock, is
highly vulnerable to climate change
• The sector is responsible for about 30 per cent
of Kenya’s GHG emissions as in 2010
• 90 per cent of these emissions are generated
by the livestock sub-sector.
NCCAP, MARCH 2013
3. Carbon and nitrogen flows on livestock farms
e
Feeding
strategy and
additives
Livestock
Landscape
design
Soils
Agro ecology
Manure
Manure
treatment
Feed
Export in meat/milk
Emissions (CH4,NH3,N03,N20)
Treatment
(bioenery, composting)
Emissions
(CO2, NH3, NO3, NO2)
Fertiliser
(CO2, N2O)
Import
(CO2,N2O)
Emissions
(CH4)
Gerber, P. et al.
4. Current position of Dairy sub-sector
• Kenya has an estimated herd of 3.5 million improved dairy animals
• National milk output has risen progressively from 2.8 billion litres in
2002 to 5.2 billion in 2011.
• Contributes approximately 4% of Kenya’s GDP.
• Source of income and employment to over 1.8 million smallholder
dairy farmers.
• Additionally creates upto 500,000 direct jobs along the value chain
and a further 750,000 in related support services.
• Cattle account for 88% of the milk produced while camel and goat
account for the rest
• The country also has the highest per capita consumption of milk in
the African continent (120 lts/person/annum)
5. PURPOSE OF PROJECT
• To increase dairy productivity which leads
to reduction in GHGE intensity
• Generation of carbon credit that will be
linked to carbon trade mechanism.
6. OBJECTIVE
• To enhance farmers income and food security
• To develop a pilot project and methodology
that can inform the development of a dairy
industry NAMA in Kenya
• To provide technical support for the
development of technologies that link
productivity gains to verifiable emission
reductions in smallholder dairy production
systems.
7. PROJECT CONCEPT
• High-yielding animals producing more milk
per lactation generally exhibit lower emission
intensities per unit of milk
• Reasons:
Emissions are spread over more units of milk.
Productivity gains are often achieved through the
improved practices (Feeds, Genetics, Herd health)
Productivity gains reduces standing biomass per
unit of milk produced.
9. ACHIEVEMENTS
• Stakeholders identified and sensitized
• Project site screening & identification done
-Nandi(Nandi North)
-UasinGishu (Wareng)
- Elgeyo Marakwet (Keiyo South)
• Technical working group constituted
• Baseline study undertaken
• Methodology development on - going
10. EXPECTED OUTPUT/OUTCOMES
• Stakeholders identified and sensitized
• Baseline report
• Methodology development
• Carbon accounting system developed & in
use
• Technology transfer
11. CHALLENGES
• Data collection:
– limited records at farmer level
– many small-holders and geo-graphically dispersed
• Milk yield as an indicator of GHG intensity
• Monitoring trade-offs from project objectives:
– Profitability
– Risk
– Other environmental impacts
12. WAY FORWARD
• Methodology to be drafted by the end of this
year
• Standard finalized over the first half of 2014
• Engage buyers and commence interventions