This bilingual English-Chinese presentation by Ms Wang Lei, WWF China, describes the trend of deep processing in the timber industry in Africa. The presentation was made at the third event of the China-Africa Forest Governance Learning Platform, held in Beijing 24-25 October 2016. The event explored how China can help sustain Africa’s forests with a focus on the role of private sector actors and Chinese stakeholders in working with African stakeholders to promote pro-poor and sustainable investments and trade in Africa’s forests. More details: www.iied.org/mists-china-africa-forests

1. Africa Trend of deep
processing in timber industry
Wang Lei
WWF China
16-Nov-16 / 1

2. China imports of Africa timber—LOG
中国进口非洲木材-原木
Unit m3
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
2,500,000
3,000,000
3,500,000
4,000,000
4,500,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Congo, Rep. Gabon Mozambique Cameroon
Equatorial Guinea Nigeria Benin Ghana
Congo, Dem. Rep. The rest

3. China imports of Africa timber—Sawn timber
中国进口非洲木材-锯木
Unit m3
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Gabon Mozambique Cameroon
Congo, Rep. Benin Ghana
Tanzania Congo, Dem. Rep. The rest

4. 4

5. 16-Nov-16 / 5
COUNTRY PRODUCT SCOPE
CURRENT
STATUS
SOURCE
AFRICA
Cameroon
Log export ban on more than 20
species of raw logs excluding Ayous.
1999 - Present
Décret no. 99/781 PM du 13
Octobre 1999. Republic of
Cameroon.
Cote d'Ivoire
A ban on the export of logs, including
teak.
1999 - Present
Maldonado and Louppe.
2000.
Gabon
Export ban on logs, boules and
through cut logs.
2010 - Present Hance. 2010.
Ghana
The log export ban was introduced for
high value species and extended to all
species since 1994.
1979 - Present VERIFOR. 2006.
Madagascar
Export ban on unworked wood of
valuable species such as palissandra
and voamboana followed by periodic
exceptions; Adopted a decree to stop
the export of precious timber from
October 2000 for three years (decree
N. 11832 / 2000).
Undetermined
(first enacted
1975)
Oldfield. 1988; Schuurman
and Lowry. 2009.
Mozambique An export ban on raw logs. 2007 - Present Hubert. 2014.
Nigeria Log export ban. 1976 - Present FAO. 2001.

6. Status of industrialization and further timber processing in Africa
非洲木材加工产业发展和工业化现状
Primary processing ：Sawn wood, Peeling,
and Slicing
初级加工：锯木，旋切，切片
Most countries only use a small proportion
of their established industrial capacity.
Gabon uses about 70% of its established
capacity, Cameroon 75% and Nigeria 62%。
很多国家只使用它们工业产能的一小部分。
加蓬仅利用了其70%的产能，喀麦隆是
75%，尼日利亚为62%。

7. 7
Ø Technically are antiquated. 技术落后
Ø Low efficiency rate. 加工利用率较低。
Ø The poor quality of equipment 设备质
量较差
Ø transportation cost is high. 运输成本较
高。
Ø No sufficient skills of machine operators.
技术工人能力不足
Status of industrialization and further timber processing in Africa
非洲木材加工产业发展和工业化现状

8. Main constraints by country to further processing
各国主要限制条件
Constraints Country
1 Serious supply difficulties for log-processing units Ghana, Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon
2 Equipment in disrepair CAR, DRC, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, Congo
3 Inadequate transport infrastructure and poor services CAR, Congo, DRC, Gabon
4 Political instability and social conflicts DRC, Congo, CAR, Côte d’Ivoire, Angola
5 Lack of concerted and coherent national strategy for
forest industry development or non-implementation of
existing strategies
Gabon, Cameroon, CAR, Congo, Nigeria, Angola
6 Absence of adequate financing mechanisms for the
further-processing industry
DRC, Congo, CAR, Côte d’Ivoire, Angola
7 Multinational company strategies based on intra-
enterprise transfers
DRC, Congo, CAR, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, Gabon
8 Lack of qualified and experienced personnel in
further-processing planning, management and product
marketing
Ghana, Nigeria, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, CAR, Gabon,
DRC, Congo
9 Limited domestic further-processed product market
and foreign imports
Gabon, Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, CAR
10 Non-compliance with legal processing rates by
operators
Gabon, CAR, Congo
数据来源WRI

9. Proposed strategies
建议性措施
Ø The establishment of a favorable economic, taxation and institutional
climate for industrial investment. 建立良好的经济、税收和制度环境，
为工业投资创造条件。
Ø Securing infrastructure and basic services (energy, transport,
communication) for the development of further-processing industrie;为进
一步加工行业的发展提供基础设施和基本服务（能源、交通、通信)
Ø Integrating the forest-sector industrialization plan into the general
development plan of each country: forest industrialization frameworks and
master plans will need to be developed while ensuring their integration into
national development plans ;各国应总体规划开发森林产业化的框架，
同时确保同国家总体发展方案保持一致。
Ø Securing supply for primary processing units established in the
country ，Promoting forest management and forest product
certification ；保证该国已建立的初级加工产业的原料供应，推进森
林经营和森林产品认证 。

10. 10
– Bridge dialogue between governmental
agencies and private sector in order to
address common issues
– Capacity building to raise the
awareness on legal and sustainable
timber production and trade of Chinese
enterprises.
– Building responsible market linkages
as an incentive to tackling illegal
logging and trade
– Advance South-South Cooperation to
improve the forest governance and
local timber processing capacity
– Innovate Ways on Timber Sector
Transformation，industry park.
WWF-Key activities in Gabon and Mozambique
WWF在加蓬和莫桑比克的主要活动

11. 12家加蓬中资企业（拥有500万公顷森
林）
12 China forest companies managed
500 Million ha in Gabon
2014年6月20日承诺：保护野生动物，
改善员工林区生产生活条件
June 20,2015: Protect wildlife and
improve the working environment and
conditions for local employees
2016年6月17日承诺：开展负责任森林
经营
June 17,2016: Develop responsible
forest management
加蓬中资林业企业的两次承诺
Two Commitment– Chinese forest
companies in Gabon

12. • 承诺：开展负责任的森林经营，“依照《指南
》的要求：
ü 遵守法律法规公约；
ü 引入产品追踪体系；
ü 杜绝和防范非法采伐和造成森林退化的风
险；
ü 注重当地文化和风俗，积极参与社区建设
、扶危济困和助学等公益和慈善事业；
ü 担负起企业社会责任”。

13. 从合规到可持续：建立新型合作模式, 加蓬森林保护初见成果
From Legal to Sustainable: Partnership approaches
beginning to bear fruit in Gabon’s forests
2010-2015，中国企
业获得长期经营许可
证的林地面积从
818,932 公顷增加到
3,964,249 公顷。

14. Presentation to Company name 16-Nov-16 / 14
工业园
Industry
park
资源配套
Resource
深加工
Deep
processing
提高利用率
Raises
utilization
可持续经营
Sustainable
management
技术工人能
力建设
Capacity
building
社区建设
Community
cooperation
提高就业率
Raises the
employment
rate

15. Thank you!