Артур Айвазов – Керівник секції соціальної політики Представництва дитячого Фонду ООН (ЮНІСЕФ) в Україні Performance Program Budgeting: The Road to Creating an Integrated Social Model of Human Development Artur Aivazov, Head, Social Policy Section, Ukraine Office, United Nations International Emergency Children’s Fund (UNICEF)

1. TOWARDS INTEGRATED SOCIAL
PROTECTION IN THE CONEXT OF
ONGOING DECENTRALIZATION
IN UKRAINE
….THE MISSING ELEMENT
SOCIAL POLICY SPECIALIST
UNICEF UKRAINE

2. Content
PART 1.
1.1 Short overview of the existing system of SP
1.2 Existing challenges and priorities
1.3 Decentralization as a risk and opportunity for Social Protection
PART 2. Meta-model of Integrated Social Protection
2.1 Principles of ISP
2.2 Key elements of ISP
2.3 Expected results
PART 3. How to make it happen. Change management
3.1 Application of the model in 35 consolidated municipalities
3.2 Design of the functional-structural model of ISP
3.3 Reform architecture and major risks

3. 1.1 Short overview of the existing system of SP
• “INHERITED” SOCIAL PROTECTION
(PENSIONS; INSTITUTIONAL CARE;
HEALTH BASED APPROACH TO
DISABILITY) – NEVER REACHED THE
BASIC LEVEL I.E. COMMUNITY
• “EMERGENCE” OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND
NORMATIVE SOCIAL PROTECTION –
POVERTY,EMPLOYEMENT – BASED ON
THE RECOGNITION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR
THE CERTAIN CATEGORIES OF
POPULATION
• “FRAGMENTED INTRODUCTION” OF
MODERN ELEMENTS OF SOCIAL AND
CHILD PROTECTION SUCH AS SOCIAL
WORK; FOSTER CARE; ETC.
…SYSTEM HAS BEEN ALWAYS “POLITICALLY” MOTIVATED ESPECIALLY DURING PRE-ELECTION TIMES
Privileges Benefits
120 types 60 types
Beneficiaries
130 categories
70
by social attributes
50
by professional
attributes

4. 1.2 Existing challenges and priorities
SYSTEM IS COMPLEX BUT IT FUNCTIONS,
DEMONSTRATES PROGRESS AND DELIVERES RESULTS
EVEN IN COMPLEX SITUATIONS BUT…..
• AT PRESENT, UKRANIAN SOCIAL PROTECTION MOSTLY RE-DISTRIBUTES THE
INCOME.
• FOR ANY PROBLEM IT HAS BEEN OFERING EITHER MONEY AND OFTEN
‘IRRATIONAL PRIVILIDGES ’OR ‘UNCLEAR’ CONCEPT OF SERVICES THAT ‘GOD
KNOWS WHY’ NEED TO BE HEAVILY STANDARTIZED.
• NOT A SINGLE EVALUATED PROGRAMME
- Old (accumulated) challenges in
the new environment
- New challenges
- Pension imbalance
- Efficiency of cash transfers
including subsidies
- Privileges
- Service network
- Unified databases
…system of SP in Ukraine is diverse

5. 1.3 Decentralization as a risk and opportunity for
SP
• EFFECTIVE AND EFFECIENT SOCIAL PROTECTION IS A MATTER OF NATIONAL
SECURITY, PROGRESSIVE REALIZATION OF RIGHTS, FIGHTING WITH POVERTY AND
RESPONDING TO EXISTING CHALLENGES
• SUCCESS OF DECENTRALIZATION REFORMS GREATLY DEPEND ON THE COMBINED
EFFORTS IN SOCIAL PROTECTION (RISK OF CREATION OF UNHAPPY AND
DISTRACTIVE “OUTSKIRTS” INSTEAD OF STRONG LOCAL GOVERNMENTS);
• THE SUCCESS IN OTHER SOCIAL SECTORS (HEALTH AND EDUCATION) AND
ECONOMIC SECTORS CAN BE ACCELERATED THROUGH SOCIAL PROTECTION –
SUPPLEMENTARITY EFFECT

6. 2.1 WHAT ARE WE PROPOSING? FUNDAMENTAL
PRINCIPLES OF SOCIAL WELFARE
• SOLIDARITY
• SUBSIDIARITY
• INTEGRATION
• EQUITY
• GOOD GOVERNANCE
• INCLUSION
If “social” is anything related to interpersonal relationships, it can not be built
on individualism or math based formulae….on the contrary it should assume
solidarity among all players involved in social relationship.
The word “subsidiarity” comes from the latin “subsidium afferre” that means "to
help". But “to help” in a very particular way …Empower the autonomy and
potential capacities of beneficiaries, undertaking only those initiatives which
exceed the capacity of individuals or private groups acting independently

7. 2.2 ELEMENTS OF
INTEGRATED SOCIAL PROTECTION (META-MODEL)
INTEGRATION AT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL THROUGH CASE MANAGEMENT
INTEGRATION AT SERVICE LEVEL THROUGH SUB-NATIONAL SOCIAL PLANNING AND
INSTITUTIONAL COOPERATION
INTEGRATION AT PUBLIC FINANCE MANAGEMENT LEVEL THROUGH RESPECTIVE
DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS AND INSTRUMENTS
INTEGRATION AT THE LEVEL OF DATA MANAGEMENT (STATISTICS, ADMINISTRATIVE DATA)
INTEGRATION AT THE LEVEL OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMMES WITHIN AND BEYOND
SOCIAL PROTECTION (CASH TRANSFERS, EMPLOYEMENT GENERATION)
INTEGRATION AT PHYSICAL LEVEL (“ONE WINDOW OR ‘THERE IS NO WRONG DOOR’”)
IS ISP a so called ‘A
CASH PLUS i.e services’
or it is something more

8. 2.3 Expected results
• Case managers will allow to
integrate services from the
bottom
• Local social plans will allow
to design integrated local
projects/initiatives based on
local priorities and needs
- General services;
- Specialized services;
- Municipal/Inter-municipal;
outsourced; with or without
infrastructure;
- Reactive/preventive/transfo
rmative
• Protocols of cooperation
and referral procedures will
allow to timely address
problems at the very early
stage
Typical Population groups
(vulnerability/need/crisis)
Families living below poverty line (including
unemployed individuals and isolated
individuals)
Children primarily those at risk of
institutionalization
Youth including MARA
People with disability (including children)
Elderly
IDPs (integration and social cohesion)
Veterans of ATO
Former prisoners
Other excluded and marginalized groups
(drug users; HIV/AIDs; Roma)
Health
Education
Social
Protectio
n
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9. 3.1 Application of the model in 35 consolidated
municipalities
• Key aspects
- Capacity and knowledge/data generation
- Strengthening social work and case management
- Exchange of experience (e.g. Vinnitsa, Odessa, Uman, etc)
- Design of local social plans/projects as well as horizontal protocols
- Documenting and extending the good practice to other consolidated
municipalities

10. 3.2 Design of the functional-structural
model of ISP
• Function revision of the MoSP – policy/M&E and oversight/administrative service
coordination – through a centralized agency/
• Functional revision between central/regional and municipal level – ‘Not based on the
existing institutions’!!!
• Transition from institutions and services to functions……
- e.g. Pension as a major function of Social Policy with strong administrative service role;
- e.g. role of the school and other educational institutions as a primary carrier of social
function (shortcoming of the optimization);
- e.g. role of the SP in health – transition from vertical to horizontal system; what about
insurance schemes?
- e.g. transition from input based budgeting to performance and result based – ‘cost center
dilemma’ – flexible budget schemes

11. 3.3 Reform architecture and major risks
• STAGE 1: Innovation
• STAGE 2: Technology
• STAGE 3: Tradition
• Macro-economic stability (certain budget
rules!!!)
• Ongoing sectoral reforms (health,
education) – overload???
• Decentralization
• Right sequencing
• Coordination among development agencies
• Role of the Office of reforms
• Communication and critical mass of supporters

12. Thank you for the attention