Fisheries management in Pakistan

1. Group 5
• Hussain Ahmed
• Atta Ullah
• Nauman Ali Shah

2. FISHERIES MANAGEMENT IN PAKISTAN
A Short Introduction to the Fisheries Industry in Pakistan

3. Fishing or Fishery
• The term fishery is used to describe the waters where fishing takes
place or the species of fish being harvested.
• Fisheries include familiar finned fish species, like cod and flounder;
mollusks, including oysters and squid; and crustaceans, such as
shrimp and crabs.
• Lesser known fisheries include echinoderms, like sea urchins; some
amphibians, including frogs; and coelenterates, such as jellyfish.
• Even the harvest of whales is usually considered a fishery.
• Fisheries are an important source of food, income, jobs, and
recreation for people around the world.

4. • The average person in Iceland eats nearly 90 kg (200 lb.) of fish per
year, more than six times the worldwide average.
• Worldwide harvest of fishery products has steadily increased to meet
the growing global demand for seafood.
• In 1995, an estimated 113 million metric tons of fishery products
were harvested. China was responsible for the largest harvest,
followed by Peru, Chile, Japan, the United States, India and Russia.

5. • The increasing demand for seafood has led to a complex, global
system of trade in fisheries products.
• Japan is the largest importer, followed by the United States, France,
Spain and Germany.
• Thailand is the largest exporter, followed by the United States,
Norway, China and Denmark.
• The United States imports large quantities of high-valued fishery
products, such as shrimp and lobster.

6. • The range of fisheries is immense over 4000 aquatic species are
harvested worldwide.
• The shrimp fishery alone includes well over 40 species. Fisheries are
located almost anywhere there is water.
• Over 80 per cent of the world’s fisheries are located in the coastal and
ocean environment, and the remaining 20 per cent are found in inland
freshwater fisheries

7. • The largest fisheries group is made up of small, pelagic (open ocean)
fishes such as herring, sardine, anchovy, and related species.
• Over 20 per cent of the world’s fishery harvest comes from this
group, and Chile and Peru are the leading harvesters. These fish have
relatively low commercial value and are often used to make feed for
poultry, hogs, and other animals.

8. • Another large category of harvested fishes, accounting for nearly 10
per cent of the world’s fishery harvest, is the groundfish, or demersal
fish, that live near the ocean floor. These generally white-fleshed
fishes include cod, haddock, pollock and hake. Cod and haddock tend
to be relatively high in commercial value.
• Fish such as tuna, swordfish, marlin, and mahimahi make up the large
pelagic fish category and account for nearly 5 per cent of world
harvest. Tuna is consumed fresh in great quantities in Japan and sold
canned around the world. Canned tuna is the fish eaten most often in
the United States.

9. • Salmon belong to the anadromous group, meaning they lay
their eggs in freshwater but usually spend their adult lives
in the ocean. Although the salmon fishery only accounts for
about 2 per cent of world fishery harvests, it is one of the
most important wild fisheries in the United States
(especially in Alaska), Canada, Japan and Russia.
• Salmon are also cultured in farms in many countries
including Norway, Chile, Canada, Scotland, Australia, and
the United States. Some species of salmon are also highly
prized sport fish.

10. Fisheries management
•
Fisheries are difficult to manage effectively because they exist in a
complex ecosystem and are often considered a common property
resource (owned by all citizens of a nation).
• Aquaculture , or fish farming, in which aquatic organism are raised
under controlled conditions in ponds, tanks, or floating net pens, is
becoming a part of fisheries management.

11. • One of the greatest challenges in fisheries management is the control
of bycatch, the unintentional killing of species not intended to be
caught, such as low value fish, immature fish, or even marine
mammals.
• Fishery managers must also manage activities on land, such as
agriculture, irrigation, pollution and development, that may impact
critical fisheries habitat. Finally, fisheries exist in an environment that
naturally fluctuates.

12. Fisheries in Pakistan
•
Fishery plays an important role in the national economy. It provides
employment to about 300,000 fishermen directly. In addition,
another 400,000 people are employed in ancillary industries. It is also
a major source of export earning. In 1998-99, fish and fishery
products valued at US $120 million were exported from Pakistan.
• Federal government is responsible for fishery of exclusive economic
zone of Pakistan. In addition, it is also responsible for making policies,
inter-provincial co-ordination, planning, research, quality control,
training, exploratory fishing, stock assessment, fisheries
management, fleet improvement, data collection and export etc.

13. Native Fish of Pakistan Scientific Name
Indian Glassy Fish Parambassis ranga
Dwarf Snakehead Channa gachua
Indian Carp Catla catla
Rohu Labeo rohita
Mahasher Tor putitora
Snakehead Murrel Channa striata
Dwarf Gourami Trichogaster lalius
Gangetic Leaffish Nandus nandus
Banded Gourami Trichogaster fasciata
Blue Perch Badis badis

14. • Pakistan is endowed with rich fishery potential. It is located in the
northern part of the Arabian sea and has a coastline of about 1,120
km with a broad continental shelf and its exclusive economic zone
extends up to 200 nautical miles from the coast.
• There are about 16,000 fishing boats in coastal area of Pakistan which
operate in shallow coastal waters as well as in offshore areas. There
fishing boats undertake fishing trips lasting for few hours to about 25
days depending upon type of fishing. Total production from inland
and marine waters is approximately 0.60 million tonnes.

15. FISH HARBOURS OF PAKISTAN
•
The major fish harbours of Pakistan are:
• Karachi Fisheries Harbour is being operated by Provincial Government of
Sindh. Karachi Fish Harbour handles about 90% of fish and seafood catch in
Pakistan and 95% of fish and seafood exports from Pakistan.
• Korangi Fish Harbour is being managed by Federal Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Livestock.
• Pasni Fish Harbour being operated by Provincial Government of
Balochistan.
• Gwadar Fish Harbour being operated by Federal Ministry of
Communication.

16. FISH PROCESSING PLANTS.
• There are 29 fish processing units in Pakistan with storage capacity of
10,000 tons, out of these 25 units are located in Karachi of Federal
Government provided intelligentsia and technical assistance to
seafood establishments for improving their processing conditions in
line with various EU / international standards. Through this process, 8
establishments have already improved their conditions and were
approve to export seafood to European Union countries.
• In addition, another five plants have almost upgraded their
conditions and others are also undertaking changes in their facilities
to comply with EU / international standards.

17. FISH EXPORT.
• Fish and fishery products are processed and exported to over 50 countries.
• About 30 – 35% of the fish and fishery products are exported to European Union
countries. Japan, U. S. A. China, Saudi Arabia, U. A. E. Malaysia, S. Korea, Hong
Kong, Sri Lanka and Singapore are other major importing countries. The export
data is annexed.
• Export of seafood is facing many a problem notably among these are:
• Post harvest losses are high due to handling of fish catch on board and long voyage
time.
• Congestion at Karachi Fish Harbour. There are more than 16,000 fish boats
operating in Sindh zone.
• The storage capacity is only 10,000 tons which is not sufficient to cater the future
requirements.
• Pakistan is exporter of raw material or semi processed fish / seafood.
• Marine aquaculture is non-existent, however, fresh water aquaculture is fairly
developed.

18. • The Government of Pakistan is taking various measures to increase the
export of seafood over US$ 500. The measures are:
• Up-gradation of fishing vessels to control post harvest losses.
• Provision of modern peeling sheds for providing raw material to fish
processing industry.
• Intensive marketing efforts at international level.
• Promotion of marine aquaculture.
• Human resource development through training.
• Regular monitoring of resources through stock assessment surveys
and exploratory fishing.
• Construction of coastal highway.

19. • Pakistan’s seafood exports have increased 27.94 percent to 198,420
tons fetching $451.026 million for the national exchequer in fiscal
year 2017-18.
• The country’s export value increased 14.57 percent from $393.662
million off 155,091 tons in 2016-17. However the country’s fisheries
exports declined 7.35 percent in value to $11.837 million tons in July
2018 from $12.776 million in the same month last fiscal.

20. References:
• https://www.fishbase.de/country/CountryChecklist.php?vhabitat=salt
water&c_code=586
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fishing_in_Pakistan
• http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x2614e/x2614e07.htm
• https://www.pakissan.com/2017/05/22/a-brief-on-fisheries-on-
pakistan/

21. Thank You