Presentation

1. PRESENTATION
SKILLS
Hafsa karamat

2. Outline.
 Analyzing the audience
 Planning
 Preparation
 Practice
 Performance
 Questions

4. Analyzing the Audience
 Good Speakers Are Audience Centered
 Good Speakers Understand The Psychology Of Audiences
 A Speaker’s Task Is To Make This Audience Want To Hear This
Speech At This Time
 Auditory Perception Is Always Selective.
 Everything A Speaker Says Is Filtered Through Each
Audience Member’s Frame Of Reference

5. Cont.
 Every Speech
Contains Two
Messages:
Message
Sent by
Speaker
Message
Received By
The Audience

6. Demographic Audience
Analysis
 Age
 Gender
 Racial, Ethnic, & Cultural
Background
 Religion
 Education

7. Situational Audience Analysis
 Size
 Physical Setting
 Disposition Toward The Topic
 Disposition Toward The Speaker
 Disposition Toward The Occasion

8. Cont.
 Use Audience Analysis Information To
Adapt Speech To Audience During
Preparation Of The Speech
 A Good Speaker Adapts To The Audience
During The Presentation

9. Planning
 What is the purpose of this presentation?
 What type of presentation do I need to give?
 Who is the audience for my presentation and
what do they need and expect?
 What is the situation (location and setting) for
my presentation?
 What is the most appropriate media for my
presentation?

10. Preparation
 Outline and sketch
slides
 Prepare slides
 Proof read
 Prepare notes -
 brief keywords and
phrases, excerpt maybe
first couple of
paragraphs

11. Preparation - Outline
 1 - 2 minutes per slide
Title Slide Title, author, affiliation,
acknowledgements
Rationale Why this is interesting
Methods What you did
Results What did you find and what does it
mean
Summary One thing you want them to
remember

12. Preparation - Slides
 Use Images & Graphics
 Relevant images communicate,
 and maintain interest
 Light text on dark background
 Avoid distracting backgrounds
 Mix upper and lower case
 Keep figures simple

13. Preparation-Slides
"If the only tool in your toolbox is a hammer
you'll treat everything as a nail." (Abraham
Maslow)

14. Practice
 Practice, practice, practice
 Get feedback, and use it.
 Be ruthless - delete
unnecessary information

15. Performance
 Podium Panic.
 Dealing with
Podium Panic.
 Eye Contact.
 Body Language.

16. Performance
 Don’t Apologise
 Speak loudly & clearly
 Use short simple sentences
 Avoid jargon & abbrev.
 Vary pitch, tone, volume, speed and pauses

17. Performance
 Audiences are
forgiving
 Nervousness is
usually invisible
 Be yourself
 Practice deep
breathing/
visualization
techniques
 Begin in your
comfort zone

18. Cont.
 Check out the room in advance
 Concentrate on the message
 Begin with a slow, well prepared intro;
have a confident and clear conclusion
 Be prepared and practice

19. Eye Contact
 Never let them out of your sight.
 Looking them in the eye makes them feel
that they are influencing what you say.
 Eye contact allows the presentation to
approximate conversation—the audience
feels much more involved.

20. Body Language.
NO-NO’s
 Lean on or grip the podium
 Rock or sway in place
 Stand immobile
 Use a single gesture repeatedly
 Examine or bite your fingernails
 Cross your arms in front of your
chest
 Use obviously practiced or stilted
gestures
 Chew gum or eat candy
 Click or tap your pen, pencil or
pointer

21. Body Language
 Lean into the microphone
 Shuffle your notes unnecessarily
 Tighten your tie or otherwise play with your
clothing
 Crack your knuckles
 Jangle change or key in your pocket

22. Performance
 Explain figures, and point to important aspects
 Give a clear and concise summary, then stop.
 Don’t go overtime. Ever.

23. Questions
 Look at the questioner.
 Remain neutral and attentive.
 Listen to the whole question.
 Pause before you respond.
 Address the questioner, then move your eyes to
others.

24. Easy as A B C
“I can’t Answer that
question Because
…, but I Can tell
you…”

25. Conclusion
 Analyze the needs and expectations of your audience
 Assess the situation in which you’ll give your
presentation
 Select an appropriate medium for your presentation
 Limit your topic to provide focus
 Make a connection with your audience
 Outline the general organization of a presentation
 Develop an effective introduction, body, and
conclusion

26. Conclusion.
Like most things, the
best way to learn is
to do.