1. Chosun Dynasty
1392-1910 CE

2. Pre-Yi Dynasty History
• Three Kingdoms (A.D. 100-668)
• Koguryo
• Silla
• Paekche
• Silla (676-1392)
• With aid of Tang China.
• Chinese culture.
• Buddhism dominated.
• Examination system, but..
• for aristocrats and not all classes.
• Aristocratic land came from king. 2

3. Koryo Dynasty (918-1392)
 Wang Kon founder.
 Aristocrats took back their land as
theirs not bestowed upon them by
ruler... a trend?
 Buddhism state religion.
 Power struggles
 MONGOL CONQUEST 11TH - 12TH
CENTURY.
3

4. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392

5. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack

6. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win

7. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders

8. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders
 Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help

9. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders
 Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
 Ming alliance

10. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders
 Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
 Ming alliance
 New Chosun Dynasty

11. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders
 Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
 Ming alliance
 New Chosun Dynasty
 Named by Ming Emperor

12. Chosun’s Beginnings:
 Ming China invades Korea
1392
 Yi Seung-kye is dispatched to repel Ming attack
 Concludes he can’t win
 Negotiates with invaders
 Returns to Kaesung and takes over city with Ming help
 Ming alliance
 New Chosun Dynasty
 Named by Ming Emperor
 -- – “Morning Calm”

13. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:

14. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:

15. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential

16. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential

17. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential
 Confucianism is the answer

18. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential
 Confucianism is the answer
 Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues

19. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential
 Confucianism is the answer
 Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
 Five Relationships

20. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential
 Confucianism is the answer
 Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
 Five Relationships
 Hyo (filial piety) is the core virtue

21. Yi’s diagnosis of Koryo’s failings:
 Buddhism – too influential
 Confucianism is the answer
 Focus on Confucian relationships and virtues
 Five Relationships
 Hyo (filial piety) is the core virtue
 Neo-Confucian orthodoxy

22. Chosun and Gender

23. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage

24. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy

25. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles

26. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience

27. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience
 Produce a son

28. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience
 Produce a son
 Woman’s Three Lords:

29. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience
 Produce a son
 Woman’s Three Lords:
 Father … Husband … Son

30. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience
 Produce a son
 Woman’s Three Lords:
 Father … Husband … Son
 Strict Chastity

31. Chosun and Gender
 Patrilocal marriage
 Rigid patriarchy
 Women’s roles
 Strict obedience
 Produce a son
 Woman’s Three Lords:
 Father … Husband … Son
 Strict Chastity
 Chosun women’s small dagger

32. Religious intolerance

33. Religious intolerance
 Buddhism

34. Religious intolerance
 Buddhism
 Persecuted

35. Religious intolerance
 Buddhism
 Persecuted
 Driven out of cities

36. Religious intolerance
 Buddhism
 Persecuted
 Driven out of cities
 Lands confiscated – hence: Mountain Temples

37. Religious intolerance
 Buddhism
 Persecuted
 Driven out of cities
 Lands confiscated – hence: Mountain Temples
 Becomes a religion predominantly of women

38. Chosun Dynasty

39. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system

40. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator

41. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator

42. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator
 Focus on Scholarship:

43. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator
 Focus on Scholarship:
 Sungkyunkwan University 1400s

44. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator
 Focus on Scholarship:
 Sungkyunkwan University 1400s
 Focused on Confucian Scholarship

45. Chosun Dynasty
 Censorate system
 Confucian Secret Investigator
 Focus on Scholarship:
 Sungkyunkwan University 1400s
 Focused on Confucian Scholarship
 Now a major, modern university

46. King Sejong:
1418-1450

47. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences

48. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences
 Printing of Confucian
classics

49. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences
 Printing of Confucian
classics
 Moveable type used heavily

50. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences
 Printing of Confucian
classics
 Moveable type used heavily
 Hangul

51. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences
 Printing of Confucian
classics
 Moveable type used heavily
 Hangul
 Commissioned Korea’s
Phonetic Script

52. King Sejong:
1418-1450
 Patron of Arts and Sciences
 Printing of Confucian
classics
 Moveable type used heavily
 Hangul
 Commissioned Korea’s
Phonetic Script
 His most famous
accomplishment

53. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592

54. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
 Korea occupied,
ransacked

55. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
 Korea occupied,
ransacked
 National treasures
destroyed

56. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
 Korea occupied,
ransacked
 National treasures
destroyed
 Tremendous animosity
developed

57. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
 Korea occupied,
ransacked
 National treasures
destroyed
 Tremendous animosity
developed

58. Hideyoshi Invasion: 1592
 Korea occupied,
ransacked
 National treasures
destroyed
 Tremendous animosity
developed
 Non’gae -- “Patriotic
Kisaeng”( , )
“the rock of
righteousness”

60.  Turtle ships

61.  Turtle ships
 Korea Liberated

62.  Turtle ships
 Korea Liberated
 Reemphasize Confucianism: Korea is the
last bastion of civilization…

63.  Turtle ships
 Korea Liberated
 Reemphasize Confucianism: Korea is the
last bastion of civilization…
 Korea as the Hermit Kingdom

64. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

65. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

66. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

67. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

68. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
 Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

69. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
 Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
Beatified 1925

70. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
 Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
 French priests sneak in Beatified 1925

71. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
 Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
 French priests sneak in Beatified 1925
 Chesa condemned as “worship”

72. Catholics Enter Korea: 1784
Two Korean Yangban Discover
Catholicism in China
 Convert
 Bring back Catholic books Kim Taegon:
(Andrew Kim),
 Teach Catholicism in Korea Korea’s first
native priest.
Martyred 1847;
 French priests sneak in Beatified 1925
 Chesa condemned as “worship”
 Catholicism not warmly welcomed by
government

73. Catholics In Korea

74. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801

75. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission

76. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered

77. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea

78. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy

79. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy
 Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa

80. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy
 Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
 Government declares Catholicism illegal

81. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy
 Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
 Government declares Catholicism illegal
 Catholic Pogroms: 1860s

82. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy
 Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
 Government declares Catholicism illegal
 Catholic Pogroms: 1860s
 Thousands beheaded

83. Catholics In Korea
 Silk letter 1801
 Smuggled with tribute mission
to China
 Discovered
 Requested French intervention to ensure Catholic
rights in Korea
 Chesa Controversy
 Catholics forbidden to perform Chesa
 Government declares Catholicism illegal
 Catholic Pogroms: 1860s
 Thousands beheaded
 French Respond with brief naval attack

84. Catholics In Korea

85. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life

86. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
 Live in small villages

87. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
 Live in small villages
 Make ceramic pots

88. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
 Live in small villages
 Make ceramic pots
 Kimchi Pots

89. Catholics In Korea
Catholics (mostly Yangban) retreat from
public life
 Live in small villages
 Make ceramic pots
 Kimchi Pots
 “Potter” is slang for
Catholic

90. Korea and the West

91. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866

92. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship

93. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned

94. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned

95. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman

96. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike

97. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike

98. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan

99. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
 Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan

100. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
 Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
 Grants Japan special rights in Korea

101. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
 Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
 Grants Japan special rights in Korea
 Japan may intervene if other nations do

102. Korea and the West
General Sherman incident 1866
 American Merchant Marine Ship
 Sunk and burned
1871 retaliation for General Sherman
 US sends retaliatory naval strike
Pressure from Japan
 Treaty of Kanghwa 1874: first unequal treaty – Japan
 Grants Japan special rights in Korea
 Japan may intervene if other nations do
 Koreans recognize the threat, but are powerless to resist

103. Korea and the West

104. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty

105. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
 “Good offices” clause

106. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
 “Good offices” clause

107. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
 “Good offices” clause
 Korea sees it as mutual defense

108. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
 “Good offices” clause
 Korea sees it as mutual defense
 Protection from the real threat: Japan

109. Korea and the West
1882: first US Treaty
 “Good offices” clause
 Korea sees it as mutual defense
 Protection from the real threat: Japan
 West, esp. US, seen as potential savior
from the more-threatening Japanese

110. Korea and the West
Protestants

111. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen

112. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate

113. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate
 Presbyterian Missionary

114. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate
 Presbyterian Missionary
 Heals Korean Crown Prince

115. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate
 Presbyterian Missionary
 Heals Korean Crown Prince
 Granted one favor

116. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate
 Presbyterian Missionary
 Heals Korean Crown Prince
 Granted one favor

117. Korea and the West
Protestants
1884 Dr. Horace Allen
 MD to the US Consulate
 Presbyterian Missionary
 Heals Korean Crown Prince
 Granted one favor
 Requests freedom of religion for
Korea and missionary rights for
Christianity

118. Protestants in Korea

119. Protestants in Korea
 Enter 1884

120. Protestants in Korea
 Enter 1884
 Adopt Nevius Method
 Service: education, medical care, etc
 Focus on poor and women
 Cultivate local clergy and leadership ASAP
 Prepare for local church independence

121. Protestants
in Korea
“The Board of Bible
Translation”

122. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
Translation”

123. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
work published in Translation”

124. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
work published in Translation”
hangul ( ) – not Chinese

125. Protestants
in Korea
Bible ( )
is the first major “The Board of Bible
work published in Translation”
hangul ( ) – not Chinese
 Prompts the beginning of Hangul literature
movement

126. Protestants in Korea

127. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure

128. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”

129. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige

130. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
 Democratic, participatory structure

131. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
 Democratic, participatory structure
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians

132. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
 Democratic, participatory structure
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians

133. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige
 Democratic, participatory structure
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians
 Christians seen as connected with America

134. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
 Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
 Christians seen as connected with America
 America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan

135. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
 Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
 Christians seen as connected with America
 America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan
 Western Education (in Christian Schools) seen as the key
to modernizing the nation

136. Protestants in Korea
Presbyterian Structure
 Governance by “Elders”
 Lay leaders play major role: High prestige Yonesi University:
Original Hall
 Democratic, participatory structure
Founded as
 Koreans flock to Presbyterians Yonsei school for
Boys, 1885
 Christians seen as connected with America
 America seen as the one hope for protection from Japan
 Western Education (in Christian Schools) seen as the key
to modernizing the nation
 Non-Christian Korean nationalists flock to Christian
schools for modern, Western education

137. Protestants in Korea

138. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885

139. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885

140. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885

141. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885

142. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
1885

143. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
 Grow and develop rapidly 1885

144. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
 Grow and develop rapidly 1885

145. Protestants in Korea
 Provide Best education available
 Become core to nationalist and
Ewha Women’s
modernization movements University:
Founded as Ewha
School for Girls,
 Grow and develop rapidly 1885
 Develop a strong national network of hundreds of
churches and many thousands of members by 1900

146. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation

147. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible

148. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
 Dominated by Conservative Queen Min

149. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
 Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
 Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist

150. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
 Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
 Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist
 Kabo Reforms: Attempt to modernize after Queen Min’s
death

151. Late Chosun Government:
Decay and Stagnation
Government stagnates and tries to avoid
reform or Western interaction as much
as possible
 Dominated by Conservative Queen Min
 Queen Min, like China’s Empress Dowager, was a
traditionalist
 Kabo Reforms: Attempt to modernize after Queen Min’s
death
 Modernization effort, but too little, too late

152. Tonghak Rebellion

153. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)

154. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)

155. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
 Deeply Anti foreign

156. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
 Deeply Anti foreign
 Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks

157. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
 Deeply Anti foreign
 Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
 Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow

158. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
 Deeply Anti foreign
 Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
 Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow

159. Tonghak Rebellion
 Tonghak Rebellion: 1894 (Eastern Learning)
 Nativist movement growing out of the Chundokyo
Religion (a native Korean religion borrowing both
from Daoism and Christianity)
 Deeply Anti foreign
 Chosun Government could not repress the Tonghaks
 Calls in China and Japan asserts 1874 treaty to follow
 Sino-Japanese War 1894-95

160. Chosun Collapse
Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule

161. Chosun Collapse
 Chosun Weakened
Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule

162. Chosun Collapse
 Chosun Weakened
 King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy

163. Chosun Collapse
 Chosun Weakened
 King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
 Russo-Japanese War 1904-05

164. Chosun Collapse
 Chosun Weakened
 King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
 Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
 Russia forced to leave

165. Chosun Collapse
 Chosun Weakened
 King even seeks protection Kyongbok Palace:
Center of Chosun rule
in Russian Embassy
 Russo-Japanese War 1904-05
 Russia forced to leave
 Korea becomes a Japanese protectorate
 Meaning Japan “protects” (dominates) Korea

166. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945

167. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior

168. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
 Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America

169. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
 Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
 Japan annexes Korea 1910

170. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
 Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
 Japan annexes Korea 1910
 Taft-Katsura Agreement

171. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
 Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
 Japan annexes Korea 1910
 Taft-Katsura Agreement
 US concurs secretly that Japan should lead to
modernize and develop Korea

172. Japanese Occupation
1910-1945
 Koreans continue to look to US as potential
savior
 Look to Protestant churches as special
connection to America
 Japan annexes Korea 1910
 Taft-Katsura Agreement
 US concurs secretly that Japan should lead to
modernize and develop Korea
 Protestant Missionaries agree:
 Japan is the one modern Asian Nation
 Korean’s need Japanese tutelage
 Koreans today see this as a major betrayal