Smart urban traffic in european cities
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Presentation held at Smart Cities conference in Torino on Samrt Transportation with emphasis on Noise
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Smart urban traffic in european cities
- 1. Working Group Noise Smart Urban Traffic in European Cities a realistic objective or an illusion?
- 2. content • Introduction • Concept of smart cities • Motives towards a smart city • Mobility a threat or a treat? • Tendencies past decades • What is EU doing? • White Paper on Transport • Some remarks/comments on the white paper • Best practices in European Cities • End of presentation 7 Aug 2013 2
- 3. Introduction • European Policy Officer at DCMR EPA • Former manager Noise Section DCMR EPA • Chairman Working Group Noise EUROCITIES • Chairman WG Noise alliance Dutch Provinces • Member of EUROCITIES Environmental Forum • Member EC Expert Group on Env. Noise • Noise Expert CEMR/CCRE 7 Aug 2013 3
- 4. Concept of smart cities 7 Aug 2013 4
- 5. Motives smart city • Economical changes • Technological changes • Other motives: – Depletion of raw materials • Peak oil • Minerals – Carbon crisis – Densification/Urbanisation 7 Aug 2013 5
- 6. Carbon Crisis_Energy 7 Aug 2013 6 Energy Consumption by Sector in 1990, 2006 and 2030, IEA
- 7. Carbon Crisis_CO2 7 Aug 2013 7
- 8. Role of Mobility • Fundamental for economy • Increases welfare • Vital for internal EU market • Increases quality of life • Decreases quality of life – Casualties and injuries due to road accidents – Air pollution health problems and premature deaths – GHG (health, threats, floods, diseases, etc) – Noise (wellbeing, sleep disturbance, health problems, premature death)7 Aug 2013 8 Keep EU moving Freedom of movement Keep freight moving
- 9. Keep on moving 7 Aug 2013 9
- 10. Increase in motorised moving 7 Aug 2013 10
- 11. Answers from European Union • Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air Quality, Sustainable use, etc.) • Environmental Noise Directive • Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise, Air components, etc. • Type approval legislation/regulation • Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..) • EUROVIGNETTE • Action Plan on Urban Mobility • CAFE directive • Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise • White Paper on Transport 7 Aug 2013 11
- 12. Answers from European Union • Thematic Strategies (Urban Environment, Air Quality, Sustainable use, etc.) • Environmental Noise Directive • Vehicle directives regarding ELV’s on CO2, noise, Air components, etc. • Type approval legislation/regulation • Labelling directives (tyres, energy,..) • EUROVIGNETTE • Action Plan on Urban Mobility • CAFE directive • Directive Outdoor Machinery Noise • White Paper on Transport 7 Aug 2013 12
- 13. White Paper 7 Aug 2013 13 • De-carbonising transport – No casualties in 2050 – Polluter/user pay principle – Stopping subsidies that support carbon use – Clean, safe and quiet vehicles – Strengthening noise emission vehicles – Phasing out convent. fuelled vehicles in cities – Alternative fuels/CO2 free logistics – Intelligent infrastructure – Labelling CO2/Eco-driving – Urban Mobility Plans – Harmonising pricing systems
- 14. Some remarks • The 40 policy actions are very ambitious • Unclear collaboration with cities • Decarbonising of urban transport is welcomed • Cleaner, safer and quieter vehicles are welcomed • Phasing out conv. fuelled vehicles in urban area • Mandatory Urban Mobility Plans added value? • Harmonising restricted areas, pricing schemes cities need flexibility!! – Benefits for tourisme sector and transport sector – To find a well belanced method/scheme is a targeting challence 7 Aug 2013 14
- 15. Best Practices • Private transport • Freight transport – Good deliveries in urban areas • Collective transport – Public Transport – Schools – Enterprises 7 Aug 2013 15
- 16. Passengers_private • Alternative modes (walking, biking,etc.) • Switch to Public Transport • Car-pool, care-share, greenwheels • Other type of vehicles, like: – Stop–Start (A/B label) – Natural Gas/Hydrogen – Bio-fuels – Electric Two Wheelers – Hybrid 7 Aug 2013 16
- 17. E-vehicles + smart grid 7 Aug 2013 17
- 18. Expected penetration alternative vehicles 18 BEV=battery electric PHEV= Pluging Hybrid Electric HEV = Hybrid Electric
- 19. Freight transport • Urban distribution/consolidation centre using: – Vans (electric, hybrid, biofuelled) – Boat/bus/trams – Other like tricycle, cargo hopper, etc. • Night deliveries – Quiet trucks 72 dB – Quiet operations (behaviour, portable Quiet forklift trucks, trolleys, containers, tonnage, cool equipment, etc. • Efficiency by planning,packaging and collaboration.(8-10% savings)7 Aug 2013 19
- 20. Public Transport • Alternative fuels – Biofuels – Electric – Hybrid – Other • Organisation (TfL, Stockholm, etc) 7 Aug 2013 20
- 22. Expected tendency 7 Aug 2013 22
- 23. Hybrid buses 23
- 24. Collective transport • School bus re-introduced • Water taxi/bus • Small company buses with employees • Free Public Transport 7 Aug 2013 24
- 25. Smart Infrastructure • Smart roads • Smart Traffic Management Systems • Smart Bus Stops • Smart transfers • Smart paying systems 7 Aug 2013 25
- 26. 26 Smart Road I Washing road Rotterdam
- 27. Smart Roads of the future? 27
- 29. 29 Smart Roads II Inductive Roads CABLES
- 30. 30 Charge based on resonance
- 31. Batteries and long distances 31
- 32. 7 Aug 2013 32
Editor's Notes
- A Smart City is a city well performing in a forward-looking way in these six characteristics, built on the ‘smart’ combination of endowments and activities of self-decisive, independent and aware citizens. Making cities smarter means improving them in these dimensions. New internet-enabled services and applications are key in this process, increasing the efficiency, accuracy and effectiveness of operation of the city’s complex ecosystem. Against the background of economic and technological changes caused by the globalization and the integration process, cities in Europe face the challenge of combining competitiveness and sustainable urban development simultaneously. Very evidently, this challenge is likely to have an impact on issues of Urban Quality such as housing, economy, culture, social and environmental conditions. This project, however, does not deal with the leading European metropolises but with medium-sized cities and their perspectives for development. Even though the vast majority of the urban population lives in such cities, the main focus of urban research tends to be on the ‘global’ metropolises. As a result, the challenges of medium-sized cities, which can be rather different, remain unexplored to a certain degree. Medium-sized cities, which have to cope with competition of the larger metropolises on corresponding issues, appear to be less well equipped in terms of critical mass, resources and organizing capacity
- We’ve had other crises as well like the bank crises and the we are in the mid of a financial crises (let’s hope it’s in the mid, may be the worst will come) and may be we are in a moral crises as well. We only want to consume, consume and consume. And if we don’t want advertisements in journals and television impose us to buy, buy,buy. But other motives lay behind this. Congestion in cities for example
- Mny discussions and doubt, think about climate gate. Despite climate gate, the result of IPCC wasn’t changed. Many observations has confirmed the estimations of IPCC. Ice smeling on the osuth- and north poles (is measured) Water temperature is increasing (measured) Satelites measuring more CO2 Theory is validated (method) by comparing it with CO2 on Venus and Mars
- Apart from financial aspects
- Water ways are below
- Numerous answers but just a few of them IssueTracker nog es natrekken!
- Numerous answers but just a few of them IssueTracker nog es natrekken!
- Around 40 actions
- Walk on Wednesday, cycling programs (CPH), after transport (bike, e-bike, e-scooters)
- Rotterdsam, Adam, utrecht, Tampere,
- FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE Bus goes 2.5 times the distance on same amount of fuel CO 2 emissions cut by 60% and noise level at merely 58 decibels! Today's Date -- The e-Traction® Bus , the reincarnation of the X97 originally developed for the city of Rotterdam, has started an extensive program of tests. Even before installation of a new generator management system and Lithium-Ion batteries an astounding 6.3 kilometer distance per liter of diesel fuel (for the generator) was attained. In addition, noise and air pollution are also substantially reduced. The e-Traction® Bus currently produces 58 decibels (with further enhancements still planned) while a normal bus produces more than 75 decibels. Furthermore, as a function of the reduced fuel consumption alone, air pollution will be minimally 60% less than that of a conventional diesel bus. Harmful particulate emissions are reduced by more than 75%.
- Hybrid cars like the Toyota Prius have been the automotive success-story of the last decade, and this has fuelled growth in hybrid power for bigger vehicles like buses and trucks. Hybrid vehicles use electric power to supplement the polluting and inefficient internal combustion engine (ICE) which powers most vehicles using petrol or diesel. Pike Research has published a report which estimates that the numbers of hybrid trucks and buses on our roads will boom in the next few years. Although hybrids are usually more expensive than the equivalent conventional ICE vehicle, their fuel savings more than make up for this, and of course their climate-damaging emissions are lower. Pike Research expects the worldwide market for hybrid and plug-in Medium and Heavy vehicles will grow to 103,940 vehicles annually by 2015 so there would be almost 300,000 on the world's roads by that year. Hybrid vehicles use various methods to achieve fuel savings. The simplest is to have an electric engine whose batteries are charged by the main engine while running and during regenerative braking, which then is used at low speed to power the vehicle without emissions. These are called Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) and the Prius is a prime example. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) systems are a step further on, and get some of their power, from recharging their on-board batteries from the electric grid. Battery electric vehicle (BEV) systems get all of their power from off-vehicle sources, like electric recharging points, and they store the power on the vehicle. These vehicles require large batteries and recharging time, but they have zero emissions themselves. One other class of hybrids is Power Take Off (PTO) trucks: diggers, cranes, lifts, and other maintenance vehicles which need to power their machinery while stationary. Instead of using the main engine, they use the on-board electric power, at a great saving of fuel and emissions because otherwise the internal combustion engine would have to idle for a long time to supply the power for operations. In particular, many hybrid buses will be on the road, nearly 10,000 in the US already, as fleet operators try to reduce fuel costs, particularly for slow urban driving. In the rest of the world bus companies are trying out hybrids. According to the Washington-based Environmental and Energy Study Institute hybrid buses reduce emissions by 75 percent when compared to conventional diesel buses and an have average increase in fuel efficiency of 37 percent. They also can have reduced maintenance costs as wear on mechanical parts is lower and the electric power train has fewer mechanical parts than a conventional transmission, thus reducing the need for maintenance. (http://www.earthtimes.org/scitech/bigger-hybrids-roll/223/)
- Scholl bus in Ireland, UK, Australia TfL website nog maar es bekijken
- Lynx media-relations manager Matt Friedman demonstrates a system that will be implemented soon that allows smart-phone users to access bus routes and bus arrival times. A smart-phone application reads a 2-D bar code at the bus stop, from which it gets the bus route map and times. (RICARDO RAMIREZ BUXEDA/ORLANDO SENTINEL /August 4, 2010)