Operant Conditioning
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Because I had an assignment for my MHPEd class, I am sharing my slides on how I understand operant conditioning by BF Skinner.
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Operant Conditioning
- 1. OPERANT CONDITIONING HELEN V. MADAMBA, MD MPH-TM
- 2. OPERANT CONDITIONING ï” Operant behavior is a type of learning where behavior is âcontrolledâ by its consequence. ï” Learning process in which consequences which follow a response determine whether the behavior will be repeated or not. Staddon and Cerutti. Annu Rev Psychol. 2003 ; 54: 115â144
- 4. Consequences of Behavior decide if reinforcement or punishment ï”REINFORCEMENT â strengthens the behavior to make it more likely to recur ï”PUNISHMENT â weakens the behavior to make it less likely to recur
- 6. POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT, like rewards, involves the addition of something pleasant to make a behavior more likely to recur
- 7. PLEASANT STIMULUS UNPLEASANT STIMULUS ADDITION Addition of a pleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT REMOVAL
- 8. NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT, like nagging, involves the removal of something unpleasant to make a behavior more likely to recur
- 9. PLEASANT STIMULUS UNPLEASANT STIMULUS ADDITION Addition of a pleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT REMOVAL Removal of an unpleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
- 10. REINFORCEMENT ï” CONTINUOUS REINFORCEMENT â works when you are trying to teach a brand new behavior ï” INTERMITTED REINFORCEMENT â works when you are trying to maintain behavior modification
- 11. POSITIVE PUNISHMENT is addition of something unpleasant, like sanctions or extensions, to decrease an unwanted behavior
- 12. PLEASANT STIMULUS UNPLEASANT STIMULUS ADDITION Addition of a pleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT Addition of an unpleasant stimulus to make a behavior less likely to recur POSITIVE PUNISHMENT REMOVAL Removal of an unpleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
- 13. NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT is the removal of something pleasant, like forfeiting vacation leaves, to decrease an unwanted behavior
- 14. PLEASANT STIMULUS UNPLEASANT STIMULUS ADDITION Addition of a pleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT Addition of an unpleasant stimulus to make a behavior less likely to recur POSITIVE PUNISHMENT REMOVAL Removal of a pleasant stimulus to make a behavior less likely to NEGATIVE PUNISHMENT Removal of an unpleasant stimulus to make a behavior more likely to recur NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT
- 15. PUNISHMENT WORKS ï”When it immediately follows the behavior ï to maintain cause and effect, so the learner can associate the bad behavior you want them to stop ï”When it is mild instead of harsh ï avoid punishment to the point of buse ï”When it is consistent ï whoever commits the mistake metes the same punishment
- 16. IN SUMMARY ï” Operant conditioning is learning based on the consequences of a behavior, whether you want it to be repeated or not ï” REINFORCEMENT: ï”positive reinforcement ï”negative reinforcement ï” PUNISHMENT: ï”positive punishment ï”Negative punishment
- 17. OPERANT CONDITIONING HELEN V. MADAMBA, MD MPH-TM