Mobile data traffic is growing year to year. Mobile operators are facing a different situation from voice legacy business. The growth of data traffic is not as high as one of revenue. They need to lower cost of Mbps to survive otherwise they will collapse.

1. Teknologi Pita Lebar 4G:
LTE
Hazim Ahmadi
Wireless Network Laboratory
Telkom Research & Development Center
di Universitas Gajah Mada
10 Desember 2010

2. Agenda
 Internet and Mobile User
 Mobile and Internet growth
 Service and Application
 Mobile data usage and emergence of new application
 4th Generation: Long Term Evolution
 Roadmap on 3GGP
 Roadmap on 3GPP2
 Overview LTE
 Trial Result and LTE Video Service
 Telkom Group, Huawei; June 2010, Bandung&Jakarta
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

3.  Internet and Mobile User
 Mobile dan Internet Growth
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

4. Global ICT Development
Total number of mobile user:
• 2008 : 4,012 billion
• 2009 : 4,652 billion
• 2010 : 5,282 billion*
Sumber : http://www.itu.int/
*) Predicted
Indonesia click here
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

5. Internet Users
• More than 10 operators are competing
• There are about 180 mill out of 240 mill population
• Voice and data services contribute to operators revenue
• Some of them will be consolidating
Wireless Subscriber of Q3 2009
2009
Operators (in thousands)
15% 2% 6% 4% Bakrie Tel. (CDMA) 10,500
16% Hutchison (GSM) 7,300
9%
Indosat (GSM) 28,700
Mobile 8 (CDMA) 3,400
2%
Natrindo (GSM) 6,000
3%
Telkomsel (GSM) 79,770
43%
Telkom Flexi (CDMA) 15,500
Bakrie Tel. (CDM A) Hutchison (GSM ) Indosat (GSM ) M obile 8 (CDM A) Natrindo (GSM ) XL Axiata (GSM) 26,600
Telkomsel (GSM ) Telkom Flexi (CDM A) XL Axiata (GSM ) Others (CDM A)
Others (CDMA)* 3,500
Totally 181,270
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

6.  Service and Application
 Mobile data usage and emergence of new application
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

7. Person-to-person communication
 Rich voice
 Video Telephony
 SMS/MMS
http://kurungsiku.web.id/2010/05/16/fitur-baru-skype-group-
video-calling/
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

8. Social Networking
 Communities/Blogging
 Gaming
 Photo/Video Sharing
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

9. Business Service
 Mobile Office
 High Speed Access
 Email
 Mobile Conferencing
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

10. Mobile Commerce
 Mobile Banking
 Bank Transfer
 Check balance
 Mobile Payment
 Ticketing
 Vending machine
 Mobile Advertising
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

11. The next customer
• Car Monitoring
• Home Security
• Machine to Machine
Comm.
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

12. Content Delivery
 Mobile TV
 Video on Demand
 Music
Tremendous video on Internet will be widely accessed via wireless
broadband network
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

13. Web 2.0
 Social Networking
 Interactive Prosumer
 Video sharing
Hazim Ahmadi/ Telkom RDC

14. Internet volume of Indonesia
• 2005 ---- 1.4 GB to Internet GW
• 2008 ---- 10 GB to Internet GW
• 2009 ---- 19 GB to Internet GW
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

15. Broadband = High Way
• Mobile Internet access traffic
doubles every 12-18 months
– Data card
– Smart phones effect
Bandwidth is never enough
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

16. How to bring them?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

17.  4th Generation: Long Term Evolution
 Roadmap on 3GGP
 Roadmap on 3GPP2
 LTE overview
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

18. Where is the mobile industry growing?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

19. 2G Technology Evolution in 3GPP
GSM
9.6kbps (one timeslot)
GSM Data
Also called CSD
General Packet Radio Services
Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps
Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
Packet switched; resources not tied up all the time Uses 8PSK modulation
Contention based. Efficient, but variable delays 3x improvement in data rate on short distances
GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA (3G) Can fall back to GMSK for greater distances
Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 kbps
Can also be combined with HSCSD
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

20. 3G Technology in 3GPP
 UMTS evolved from GSM via
GPRS/EDGE.
 Splitting circuit switched network and
packet switched network
 Data rates of UMTS are:
Rel.99 : 384 kbps/384 kbps
Rel.5 : 7.2 Mbps/384 kbps (HSDPA)
Rel.6 : 7.2 Mbps/5.8 Mbps
Rel.7 : 21 Mbps (HSPA+)
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

21. 2G&3G technology in 3GPP2
IS-95B CDMA2000 1xEV-DO: Evolved Data Optimised
Uses multiple code channels Third phase in CDMA2000 evolution
Data rates up to 64kbps Standardised version of Qualcomm High Data Rate (HDR)
Many operators gone direct to 1xRTT Adds TDMA components beneath code components
Good for highly asymmetric high speed data apps
IS-95B Speeds to 2Mbps +, classed as a “3G” system
Use new or existing spectrum
CDMA
IS-95A CDMA2000
1xEV-DO 1xEV-DV
3xRTT
IS-95A
14.4 kbps 1xRTT
CDMA2000 1x Evolved DV
Core network
CDMA2000 1xRTT: single carrier RTT Fourth phase in CDMA2000 evolution
re-used in
First phase in CDMA2000 evolution Speeds to 9.3 Mbps+
CDMA2000
Release 0 - max 153.6 kbps
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

22. Between LTE and WiMAX
3GPP LTE 3GPP2 UMB Mobile WiMAX
Channel Bandwidth 1.4, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 MHz 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20 MHz 5, 7, 8.75 and 10 MHz
DL multiple access OFDMA OFDMA OFDMA
UL multiple access SC-FDMA OFDMA and CDMA OFDMA
Duplexing FDD and TDD FDD and TDD TDD
Subcarrier mapping Localized Localized and distributed Localized and distributed
Subcarrier hoping Yes
Ups…Sorry. Since
Yes Yes
Data modulation QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
there is no
QPSK, 8PSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
Subcarrier spacing 15 KHz supporter this
9.6 KHz 10.94 KHz
FFT size (5 MHz) 512 technology was
512 512
Convolutional coding and turbo
halted.
Convolutional coding, turbo coding
Convolutional coding and
convolutional turbo coding.
Channel coding
coding and LDPC coding Block turbo coding and LDPC
coding optional
Multi-layer precoded spatial Multi-layer precoded spatial
multiplexing space-time/ frequency multiplexing, space-time transmit Beamforming, Space-time coding
MIMO
block coding, switched transmit diversity, spatial division multiple and spatial multiplexing.
diversity and cyclic delay diversity access and beamforming.
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

23. You decide!
WiMAX?
LTE?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

24. LTE Architecture
P-GW:
IP address allocation, Provide UE QoS
for GBR, Gateway to Internet
MME:
Manages and stores the UE control S-GW:
plane context, Generates temporary Id Gateway to UE, Anchor for
UE authentication, Authorization of TA data bearer when HO, Buffers
Mobility management data while the MME paging to
UE, Retains a bearer info
when UE in ECM-IDLE
eNB:
•User-plane : radio link cont.,
medium access cont., physical
•Control-plane: radio resources
control termination towards UE
Interface to SGW via S1
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

25. LTE Latency Performance
Latency Control-plane
Transition times from idle or dormant states to active state < 100 ms
What is delay? what is latency?
Latency User-plane
Radio access network latency < 5 ms in unloaded condition for small IP
packet
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

26. Key Features (1/2)
Multiple access scheme
DL : OFDMA with CP (Cyclic Prefix)
UL : Single Carrier FDMA (SC-FDMA) with CP
Adaptive modulation and coding
DL/UL modulations : QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM
Convolutional code and Rel-6 turbo code
Advanced MIMO spatial multiplexing techniques
(2 or 4) x (2 or 4) downlink and uplink supported
Multi-user MIMO also supported
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

27. Key Features (2/2)
Two popular techniques in MIMO wireless systems:
Spatial Diversity: Increased SNR Spatial Multiplexing: Increased rate
 Receive and transmit diversity mitigates  Spatial multiplexing yields substantial
fading and improves link quality increase spectral efficiency
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

28. LTE Data Performances
Downlink
HSDPA (Rel.6) LTE Fulfillment
Spectral efficiency (bps/Hz/s) 0.75 1.84 2.5
Cell edge user throughput 0.006 0.0148 2.5
(bps/Hz/s)
Peak bit rate (Mbps) 14.4 144 Target 100 Mbps
Uplink
HSUPA (Rel.6) LTE Fulfillment
Spectral efficiency (bps/Hz/s) 0.26 0.67 2.6
Cell edge user throughput 0.006 0.015 2.5
(bps/Hz/s)
Peak bit rate (Mbps) 5.7 57 Target 50 Mbps
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

29. Femtocell (Home eNodeB)
• Simple, low cost, easy-to-install cellular access point for homes (& offices &
metro areas)
• Delivering fast, reliable service to standard phones over licensed spectrum
• Supported in 3G and next-generation standards by 3GPP, 3GPP2, WiMAX
Forum, Broadband Forum
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

30. Spectrum Availability
Flexible spectrum
Provide spectrum flexibility for operation in differently sized spectrum
FDD and TDD
Supports paired and unpaired spectrum on the same hardware platform
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

31. LTE Global Spectrum
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

32.  Trial Test Measurement Result
 Telkom Group, Huawei; June 2010, Bandung&Jakarta
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

33. LTE : Download data rate test
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

34. LTE : Upload data rate test
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

35. User Equipment
• Smart handset
• USB dongle
• Embedded in
notebook computer
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

36. Service and Application
ALU redefine wireless experience services of LTE

37. Challenges and Opportunities
Let me ask you this
question: peluang apa
saja yang bisa
dikembangkan oleh
mahasiswa dan
Indonesia?
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

38. Challenges and Opportunities
 Pemerintah belum menyatakan waktu dan spektrum frekuensi
yang dialokasikan untuk LTE. Indonesia berada di antara
adopsi teknologi WiMAX dan LTE.
 Layanan dan aplikasi apa saja yang sesuai dengan pipa yang
begitu besar?
 Harapan pengguna, operator dan pemerintah terhadap
teknologi LTE ke depan.
 Riset femto cell bagi akademisi di Indonesia
 dll
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC

39. Thank You
Gracias!
Hazim Ahmadi/Telkom RDC