1. Harish J
PAMB 1087
Department of Plant Pathology
University of Agricultural Sciences
Bangalore
Green building materials and technologies for
energy efficient and healthy living

2. • Green building technology has become one of the hottest trends in
construction.
• The benefits of a green technology application in construction are
far-reaching and comprehensive, offering significant advantages
when used in new facilities as well as existing structures.
• Green technology makes buildings more energy-efficient and
sustainable, so they have a lower carbon footprint and a reduced
impact on the environment.
• Builders, building owners, and tenants all realise considerable
benefits from the application of green construction technology.

3. Green building assessment tools
Green Building Council Australia (GBCA)
eight rating tools
• Education
• Office
• Industrial
• Healthcare
• Office Interiors
• Retail Centre
• Public Building
• Multiunit Residential

5. WALLS
• Walls are predominant fraction of a building expected to provide
thermal and acoustic comfort, without compromising the aesthetics
of the building.
Types
• Passive solar walls
• Lightweight concrete (LWC) walls
• Ventilated or double skin walls

7. Passive solar walls

8. Lightweight concrete (LWC) walls

9. Ventilated or double skin walls

10. SOLAR POWER
• Solar power has been increasingly exploited as a sustainable
construction technology.
• In green construction, it is utilised in two ways.
• Active solar power: is the use of functional solar systems that
absorb the sun’s radiation to cater for heating and electricity
provision.
• Passive solar power: is a design that uses the sun’s rays to warm
homes through the strategic placement of windows and the use of
heat-absorbing surfaces.
• The upfront installation costs are higher but in the long-term, it
saves on energy bills and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

11. Fenestration (windows and doors)
• The fenestration plays a vital role in providing
thermal comfort and optimum illumination levels
in a building.
• They are also important from an architectural
standpoint in adding aesthetics to the building
design.

13. THERMAL INSULATION

14. THERMAL INSULATION

15. THE USE OF SMART APPLIANCES
• Homes and commercial buildings consume most of the
world’s energy.
• It has necessitated the use of smart appliances as part
of sustainable construction technologies.
• The sustainable construction technologies emphasise the
installation of energy saving and self-sufficient
appliances.
• SmartGrid dishwashers, refrigerators and washing
machines are examples of such sustainable technologies.
• The technology is oriented towards establishing zero-
energy homes as well as commercial buildings.

17. Roofs
• Roofs are critical part of the building that are highly
susceptible to solar radiation and other environmental
changes.
• Roofs account for large amounts of heat gain/loss, especially,
in buildings with large roof area such as sports complexes,
auditoriums, exhibition halls etc.
Types of Roofs
• Masonry roofs
• Lightweight roofs
• Ventilated and micro-ventilated roofs
• Vaulted and domed roofs
• Solar-reflective/cool roofs
• Green roofs

18. Masonry roofs Lightweight roofs
Ventilated and micro-ventilated roofs Green roofs

19. • Cool roofs are sustainable green design technologies
which aim at reflecting heat and sunlight away.
• It aids in keeping homes and buildings at the standard
room temperatures by lowering heat absorption and
thermal emittance.
• The design makes use of reflective paints and special
tiles which absorb less heat and reflect away most of
the solar radiation.
• For instance, cool roofs can reduce temperatures by
more than 28°C during summer.
• Cool roofs, therefore, minimise the dependence on air
conditioning and in turn, reduce energy use.

21. RAMMED EARTH BRICK
• Rammed earth brick is an ancient construction technology which
has lately been re-introduced to cater for the demands of
environmental sustainability.
• Moist earth mixture and hard substances like gravel or clay are
mixed with stabilising elements such as concrete and compacted to
create dense, hard walls.
• It is ideal for sustainable construction as it lessens environmental
impacts and the material can equally stabilise the temperature of a
building.
• Fewer emissions and ensure the buildings remain cool in the
summer and warm in the winter.

23. BIODEGRADABLE MATERIALS
• The use of biodegradable materials is an eco-friendly means of
making construction sustainable
• Most traditional construction methods lead to the accumulation of
waste products and toxic chemicals, the majority of which take
hundreds of years to degrade.
• And even if they degrade, it contaminates and harms the
environment.
• Biodegradable materials such as organic paints, therefore, aid to
limit the negative impacts on the environment as they easily
breakdown without the release of toxins.
.

25. ELECTROCHROMIC SMART GLASS
• Electronic Smart Glass also constitutes one of the technologies in
sustainable construction.
• It works particularly in summer periods to shut out the harsh heat
of solar radiation.
• The smart glass uses tiny electric signals to slightly charge the
windows to change the amount of solar radiation it reflects.
• It is incorporated into the buildings control system, therefore,
allowing users to choose the amount of solar radiation to block.
• With this technology, homes and commercial buildings can save a
lot on heating, ventilating, and air conditioning costs.
• The smart glass is still being perfected and is soon set to be fully
used in sustainable construction as a smart energy-saving
technology.

26. ELECTROCHROMIC SMART GLASS

27. Building simulation software/programs
• The building energy modeling codes can be used to estimate the
energy performance of a building envelope, energy used in the
building, estimate lighting requirements, economic feasibility
estimates for building energy efficiency components, comparison of
a building performance with a code standard building, etc
• Window, VISION4, FRAME4, FRAMEPlus, FENSIZE, Frame Simulator,
RESFEN, SPACER etc. are used to simulate thermal performance of
fenestration
• GLASTRUCT and FENSTRUCT are used to simulate the structural
performance of fenestration.

28. Building envelope diagnostics
• Infrared thermography
• Fenestration diagnostics-Portable spectrometer
or solar transmission meter
• Infiltration and airtightness diagnostics-Tracer
gas measurements, blower door test or fan
pressurization test
• Envelope moisture diagnostics-Surface scanning
dielectric meters and penetrating conductance
meters

29. Portable spectrometer Solar transmission meter blower door test
scanning dielectric meters
penetrating conductance meters

30. LOW-ENERGY HOUSE AND ZERO-ENERGY BUILDING
DESIGN
• Sustainable construction technologies typically include mechanisms
to lessen energy consumption.
• Sustainable green construction also makes use of designs that cut
back air leakage and allows for free flow of air while at the same
time using high-performance windows and insulation techniques.
• These techniques are meant to reduce the dependence on air
conditioning and interior heating.
• The strategic placement of windows is another technique that
encourages day-lighting thereby minimizing the need for electric
lighting in the course of the day.
• The use of renewable energy such as solar for lighting and water
heating is also part of a low-energy house and zero-energy building
design.

32. WATER EFFICIENCY TECHNOLOGIES
• The technologies encompass re-use and application of efficient
water supply systems. Examples include the use of dual plumbing,
greywater re-use, rainwater harvesting and water conservation
fixtures.
• These methods ensure that water is adequately managed, recycled
and used for non-portable purposes like washing cars and flushing
toilets.
• Dual plumbing, for instance, decreases sewer traffic and enhances
the potential of re-using water on-site.
• On the other hand, rainwater harvesting provides water for multi-
purpose usage and might also be stored for future use.
• In general, water efficiency sustainable construction technologies
lower water usage costs and help in water conservation.
• In urban areas, the technologies intend to lower water wastage by
15% to address freshwater shortages.

34. SUSTAINABLE INDOOR ENVIRONMENT
TECHNOLOGIES
• The health and safety of the building occupants are fundamental
and must be guaranteed during the construction of any building or
home.
• Sustainable indoor technologies are mandatory for green
construction.
• The materials used have to ensure green safety standards which
include hazardous free elements, non-toxic materials, low volatile
emissions, and moisture resistance.
• For instance, materials from cork, wood and bamboo are naturally
sourced and do not have any toxic, irritating or carcinogenic
elements.
• The use of materials with low VOCs also enhances IAQ and limits
exposure to health-threatening chemicals such as vinyl, phenol-
formaldehyde and lead.

36. SELF-POWERED BUILDINGS
• The advancement of constructing self-powered buildings is an art of
sustainable construction technology.
• The reason is based on the fact that self-powered buildings bring
about the realisation of zero-energy construction.
• The buildings are designed such that they are able to generate
sufficient power to support their own energy needs and even direct
surplus energy back into the power grid.
• In most cases, wind power technology is used and it is highly
common in skyscrapers whereby wind turbines are mounted at the
rooftops.
• The constant and heavy air currents at higher altitudes propel the
turbine blades which generates the power requirements for the
building.

37. Brooklyn’s Self-Powered Solar Building

38. TOP 10 GREEN BUILDINGS
• Suzlon One Earth, Pune
The campus has 18 hybrid wind turbines that fulfil 7% of the total energy consumption,
the rest of energy demand is met from offsite wind turbines. The structure is designed
in a way to ensure maximum daylight exposure thereby reducing artificial lighting
consumption.

39. Rajiv Gandhi International Airport
(RGIA), Hyderabad
RGIA has been successful in saving energy for nearly 3.97 million kWh
and have reduced the carbon footprint by 3331 tons.

40. CII- Sohrabji Godrej Green Business
Centre, Hyderabad
Made up of only recycled materials

41. Infosys Limited, Mysore
Five key areas– Sustainable site development, Water savings, Energy
efficiency, Materials selection and Indoor environmental quality

42. Infinity Benchmark, Kolkata
Furnished Co2 monitor sensors, rainwater harvesting, waste
water recycling system and humidification controls

43. I-Gate Knowledge Centre, Noida
designed in a way that it captures 73% of daylight within the office

44. Bank Of India, Goa
A world of eco-friendly lights and air-conditioning, intelligent glazing,
modern capsule lifts, and indoor fountains

45. Ansal Esencia, 67 Sector, Gurgaon
All electronics are made for maximum energy conservation, splendid bicycle
tracks, environ benches, bins, poles and bus stops and drought resistant
campus.

46. Biodiversity Conservation India Ltd.
(BCIL), Bangalore
The building has 44 interconnected rainwater percolation wells that lead
to a 400,000 litre water tank. The building makes use of central reverse
osmosis system to purify water without the use of chemicals

47. Olympia Tech Park Chennai
Lowest energy consumption, high natural lighting systems, 100 per cent
water recycling and other environment-friendly practices

48. THE GREEN BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTION FUTURE
• Thoughtfully created design and construction leave a
legacy for future generations to enjoy.
• We have a responsibility to recognise that what we build
today should endure and enhance the lives of those who
come after us.
• The future development path is focused on the
requirements of conscious and sustainable development.
• Great design and construction shouldn't come at an
environmental cost, but rather work in a sustainable
relationship with the environment and make minimal
impact.