Stakeholder Management Knowledge Area in Project management defined by PMBOK 5th Edition by Project Management Institute (PMI). Provided by GlobalSkillup.com towards PMP Certification Exam.
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Chapter 13
Objectives
Understand the different Stakeholder
Management Processes
Their Inputs, Tools and Techniques,
Outputs
This chapter entails one to
understand the various
Stakeholder Management
aspects required to ensure
the desired information
flows across the project
team and stakeholders.
Managing the expectations
and continuously refining
the project in tune with the
stakeholder needs as per
project objectives make the
project successful!
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It includes processes to ensure identification of
stakeholders, effective communication, engagement
of them across project to garner their
support/decisions for execution and success of
project objectives.
Stakeholder Engagement towards their Satisfaction
is by default one key project objective for project
success.
Each Project Stakeholder will exert their influence on
the project in one or the other manner.
Identifying key stakeholders, understanding their
needs along with the relationships within themselves
is one area, a Project Manager has to keep close
watch to develop strategies to ensure the
stakeholders are in favor of project objectives.
Knowledge Area: Stakeholder Management
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There are 4 Stakeholder Management processes:
1. Identify Stakeholders
Identification of key stakeholders before the project starts, during the project
kick off and the project execution to closure is critical towards the
stakeholders engagement rightly and avoid the project being jeopardized.
2. Plan Stakeholder Management
Planning to engage identified stakeholders by understanding their implicit &
explicit needs on the project along with development of strategies to
transition them towards project needs.
3. Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Managing stakeholder information needs, their aspirations & expectations
during the project course along with resolution of any conflicts among the
stakeholders.
4. Control Stakeholder Engagement
Controlling Stakeholders across the project duration to ensure the
stakeholders are active, supportive to the project needs and success.
Knowledge Area: Stakeholder Management
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13.1 Identify Stakeholders
Inputs
• Project Charter
• Procurement Documents
• Enterprise Environmental
Factors
• Organizational Process
Assets
Tools & Techniques
• Stakeholder Analysis
• Expert Judgment
Outputs
• Stakeholder Register
• Stakeholder Management
Strategy
•Integration
•Develop Project Charter
•Scope
•Time
•Cost
•Quality
•Human Resource
•Communications
•Risk
•Procurement
•Stakeholder
•Identify Stakeholders
Initiating Process Identification of parties, internal or external, with stake in
project & document their individual interests, involvement
and influence over the project.
Completion of this process ensures Project manager has
complete view of each individual stakeholder and can
respond or cater his/her time accordingly.
This Process needs to be completed before “develop
project charter” to ensure the charter is developed with
right set of stakeholders & their interests in view.
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Stakeholder Analysis
Project Manager’s can practically apply the
Stakeholder Analysis as a technique
performed in 3 different steps to engage
stakeholders from before start of the project to
until it is being closed out.
1. Identify Stakeholders to identify all the
key or otherwise stakeholders both
quantitatively and qualitatively.
2. Identify Potential Impact to understand
each stakeholders power & interest level
in project.
3. Assess reaction & response of key
stakeholders in various situations,
anticipate and prepare an approach to
effectively mitigate the potential negative
impact to the project.
Four Methods of Stakeholder Analysis:
1. Impact Vs Influence
2. Power Vs Influence
3. Power Vs Interest
4. Salience Mode (Power, Urgency,
Involvement)
Impact Vs Influence
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One of the key outputs of Identify stakeholders process is the
Stakeholder Register. This register(document) contains all details
related to the identified stakeholders:
Identification Information
Name, organizational position, location, role in the project,
contact information
Assessment Information
Major requirements, main expectations, potential influence in
the project, phase in the life cycle with the most interest
Stakeholder Classification
Internal/external, supporter/neutral/resistor, etc.
The register should be consulted and updated on an ongoing basis,
as stakeholders may change — or new ones identified — throughout
the life cycle of the project.
Stakeholder Register
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13.2 Plan Stakeholder Management
Inputs
•Project Management
Plan
•Stakeholder Register
•Enterprise
Environmental Factors
•Organizational Process
Assets
Tools & Techniques
•Expert Judgment
•Meetings
•Analytical Techniques
Outputs
•Stakeholder
Management Plan
•Project Document
Updates
•Integration
•Develop Project Management Plan
•Scope
•Plan Scope Management
•Collect Requirements
•Define Scope
•Create WBS
•Time
•Plan Schedule Management
•Define Activities
•Sequence Activities
•Estimate Activity Resources
•Estimate Activity Duration
•Develop Schedule
•Cost
•Plan Cost Management
•Estimate Costs
•Determine Budget
•Quality
•Plan Quality Management
•Human Resource
•Plan HR Management
•Communications
•Plan Communications Management
•Risk
•Plan Risk Management
•Identify Risks
•Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis
•Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis
•Plan Risk Responses
•Procurement
•Plan Procurement Management
•Stakeholder
•Plan Stakeholder Management
Planning Process
This is the process to establish mechanisms to engage
stakeholders towards the project success.
Key benefit of this process is to ensure the clear, actionable plan to
interact with project stakeholders to support projects interests.
Engaging stakeholders effectively to gain maximum support and
key decisions at critical points from stakeholders or group of
stakeholders is essence of Plan Stakeholder Management.
Stakeholder engagement is a continuous process to establish how
the relationships can be sustained, exploited and harnessed for the
benefit of the success of the project outcome.
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Engagement levels of the Stakeholders
and Stakeholder groups need to be
defined and compared to the planned
engagement levels using a Stakeholder
Engagement Assessment Matrix.
Different nature of behaviors of
Stakeholders can be observed as shown
such as Leading, Supportive, Neutral,
Resistant, Unaware.
Stakeholders ↓ Unaware Resistant Neutral Supportive Leading
Ramya C D
Shilpa C D
Roopa C D D
Jaya C D
C – Current Engagement Level D – Desired Engagement Level
Engagement
Levels
Unaware
Resistant
Neutral Supportive
Leading
Analytical Techniques
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It is often required and is also a best practice to have project stakeholders
engaged effectively. All these strategies documented constitute this plan.
Based on the project needs a high level document or a granular scale plan with
strategies and actions defined.
Having a defined strategy based on which project manager can act to engage
stakeholders will result in increase of probability of project being successful.
Once established, due diligence should be taken to ensure the stakeholder
management plan is updated continuously and the underlying assumptions are
validated to ensure continued accuracy and relevancy.
Typical Stakeholder Management Plan would consist of:
Desired & current key stakeholder engagement level
Scope and impact of change to stakeholders
Identified interrelationships and potential overlap between stakeholders
Communication Requirements for current phase
Information dissemination format, language, content, level of detail,
timeframe, frequency
Expected impact for stakeholders, Actions required by stakeholders and so
on
Stakeholder Management Plan
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13.3 Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Inputs
•Stakeholder Management
Plan
•Communications
Management Plan
•Change Log
•Organizational Process Assets
Tools & Techniques
•Communication Methods
•Interpersonal Skills
•Management Skills
Outputs
•Issue Log
•Change Requests
•Project Management Plan
Updates
•Project Document Updates
•Organizational Process Asset
Updates
•Integration
•Direct and Manage Project Work
•Scope
•Time
•Cost
•Quality
•Perform Quality Assurance
•Human Resource
•Acquire Project Team
•Develop Project Team
•Manage Project Team
•Communications
•Manage Communications
•Risk
•Procurement
•Conduct Procurements
•Stakeholder
•Manage Stakeholder Engagement
Executing Process
It is the process of engaging the
stakeholders over the course of the
project to gain their support and
increase the chances of meeting the
project objectives.
Key benefit is it helps to increase the
stakeholder confidence levels and
build their support towards the project
objectives while minimizing their
resistance levels during the changes.
Activities to manage stakeholders
engagement involves:
Engaging the stakeholders at the
suitable stages of discussions and
keeping them informed about the
potential achievements and
upcoming threats
Continuous communication and open
discussions with the stakeholders to
ensure their support towards the
project objectives
Understand & resolve the potential
concerns or threats or risks that they
foresee and provide them required
information at requested intervals
Actively engaging stakeholders
ensure the project changes are
smooth and appropriately acted.
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13.4 Control Stakeholder Engagement
Inputs
•Project Management Plan
•Issue Log
•Work Performance Data
•Project Documents
Tools & Techniques
•Information Management
Systems
•Expert Judgments
•Meetings
Outputs
•Work Performance
Information
•Change Requests
•Project Management Plan
Updates
•Project Document Updates
•Organizational Process Assets
Updates
•Integration
•Monitor and Control Project Work
•Perform Integrated Change Control
•Scope
•Validate Scope
•Control Scope
•Time
•Control Schedule
•Cost
•Control Costs
•Quality
•Control Quality
•Human Resource
•Communications
•Control Communications
•Risk
•Monitor & Control Risks
•Procurement
•Control Procurements
•Stakeholder
•Control Stakeholder Management
Monitoring & Controlling
Process
It is the process of effectively engaging stakeholders and managing
stakeholder relationships with adjusting the communication needs and
stakeholder relationships.
Adjusting the stakeholder management plan and strategy ensures the
stakeholders are rightly identified, their individual objectives and
motivations inclined towards the project are considered at all stages of
the project execution.
Individual stakeholders may be supportive, resistive, neutral during the
execution of the project. Project Management Team is responsible to
identify such intentions of the stakeholders and transition them towards
the project benefits.
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THIS BRINGS TO “STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT”
COMPLETION.
From what we have understood so far is:
4 Stakeholder Management Knowledge Area Processes
Identified their Inputs, Tools & Techniques, Outputs
Chapter 13
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Acknowledgements & Disclaimer
PMI, PMBOK, PMP, CAPM, PgMP, PMI-
ACP, PMI-RMP, PMI-SP are registered
marks of Project Management Institute,
Inc.
All registered trademarks, symbols, names
are marks of their respective owners and
acknowledged.