Lecture 10: Best Practice: Post Disaster Response Ashar Saputra, S.T., M.T., Ph.D. (UGM) 2019 ProSPER.Net Young Researchers' School 6 March 2019

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BEST PRACTICE;
POSTDISASTER RESPONSE
AsharSaputra, PHD
ProSPER.NetYoungResearcher’sSchool(YRS)
Yogyakarta,6th March, 2019
Topics
• Introduction
• EmergencyResponse
• Transition
• RehabilitationandReconstruction
• Importantnotes(Criticson housingreconstructionpolicy,caseLombok)
• Conclusion

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Introduction
INFRASTUCTURES
RELATED TOPICS
Disaster response sequence
Introduction
• Infrastructurescouldbedamagedduetodisaster;
Lostofhousing
Publicservicesinterrupted/stopped(includinghospitalandmedicalservices)
Watersupplysystem
Oilandgaspipeline
Roadnetwork,bridgeinterruptedorclosed
Powerline
Communicationline
Irrigationsystem
Ports
Sewage, trashandsanitationsystem

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• Lost of housing
Yogyakarta Earthquake, 27 Mei 2006
Tasikmalaya Earthquake, 2 September 2009
Padang Earthquake, 2010 Lombok Earthquake, 2018 Palu Earthquake, 2018
Infrastructures could be damaged due to disaster
Damaged public facilities
• Yogyakarta Earthquake, 27 Mei 2006
Padang Earthquake, 2010
Lombok Earthquake, 2018
Lombok Earthquake, 2018Palu Earthquake, 2018

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Padang Earthquake, 2010
Damaged public facilities
Mount Merapi Eruption, 2010
Damaged infrastructures

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DamagedPort (PaluEarthquake, 2018)
INFRASTUCTURES
RELATED TOPICS

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HumanityResponse
• 10to 24firsthoursafterdisaster
• Justprovidewith food,water,cloth andfirstaid
• No clearinformationondamagelevel andvictims
• Usuallychaotic
• Someincorrectandirresponsibleinformation,worsenthesituation
• Lostofvehicles, valuablegoods
HumanityResponse
–Inmanycases,hospitalandmedicalfacilitieswereNOTREADY
forhandlingdisastersituation.HospitalDisasterPreparedness
(HDP)shallbeevaluatedandimproved
–Trafficcongestionandheavytrafficjamblockthedeliveryof
ambulanceandlogistic
–Distributionoflogisticsto remoteandisolatedarea
–Lackofinformationontemporaryshelter.Sometimesthe
survivorhavetostayovernightontheopensky
–Dataacquisitionrelatednumberandlevelofwoundusually
difficulttobedone

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HumanityResponse
Mataram-Pemenang (30 km)
normally takes 45 minutes. At
the 2nd day after earthquake, it
take 3,5 hours!
INFRASTUCTURES
RELATED TOPICS

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EmergencyResponse(2weeksto1 month)
Aim:
Provide minimum
service of basic
facilities to
support advanced
medical
treatment, logistic
distribution, and
lifeline
Hospital/Me
dical facility
Shelter
Road and
connectivity
Lifeline
• Rapid assessment on number of casualties and
available medical facilities and personnel
• Ambulance service, distribution and delivery
system
• Available medicine, equipment and tools
• Restore road, bridge, at least to minimum
function to support emergency medical and
logistic transportation
• Provide temporary shelter for survivor
• Water and sanitation
• Electricity and communication service
Logistics • Food and water, cloth, sanitary
Lombok Earthquake, 2018
Palu Earthquake, 2018

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INFRASTUCTURES
RELATED TOPICS
Transition
• 1monthafteremergencyresponseended
• To preparerehabilitationandreconstructionphase
• Periodoftransitionto normalsituation
• Survivorsstaysattemporaryshelter
• Demolishingandclearingof totallydamagedfacilities
• Detailinvestigationon repairableof damagedinfrastructures

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Lombok Earthquake, 2018

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Temporary Shelter,
Mount Merapi
Eruption (2010)

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Introduction
INFRASTUCTURES
RELATED TOPICS
Rehabilitationandreconstruction
• PrincipleofBUILDBACKBETTER haveto befollowed
• Properretrofitting(repair,strengthen,rehabilitation)of repairablebuildings.Needs
specialexpertise
• Reconstructionofpermanenthousing
• Inthecaseofliquefaction,resettlementarea,rearrangementof landusehaveto
determinedfirst

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Repairing, strengthening, Palu Airport,
2019

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ReconstructionofSDN6 Sesait,NorthLombok
26 November 2018
3 January 2019
7 January 2019

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15 January 2019
2 Februari 2019

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10 Februari 2019
Importantnotes
(Criticson housingreconstructionpolicy,caseLombok)
• Replicationof successstoryofhousingreconstructionALWAIS HAVE TObereadjustedfor everyspecific
location
• Lessonlearntfrom housingreconstruction
– Aceh2004. Too maydonors, justgive thekeyof house.Community empowerment andsocial cohesion isleft behind
– Yogyakarta, 2006. Community participation andsocial cohesion wasmaintained. Picked asreferend
• 175.000houses finishedon 2yearsreconstruction
• Pokmas(communitygroup) andREKOMPAK (rehabilitation andreconstruction ofsettlementbasedon community) initiated
– BUT,Yogyakarta casewas havingsome opportunity:
• Materialavailabilityintermof qualityandquantity
• Conventional RCbeamandbrick wall, a common practice for thesite
• Appropriate quantityandqualityoffacilitator

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Importantnotes
(Criticson housingreconstructionpolicy,caseLombok)
• LombokReconstruction
–UntiltheendofFebruary,lessthan1000housesreconstructed(<2%) after7monthsfrom themost
significantearthquake
–Atthebeginning,GovernmentoverRISHA, precastconcretepanelhousing
–Relativelynew, notacommonpractices
–Heavy,needgooddetailingandqualitycontrol
–Somepartisnotavailable
–SLOW
RISBA
(InstantSteelStructuresHousing)
• RISBA(InstantSteel Structures
Housing)isproposed

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RISBA
(InstantSteelStructuresHousing)
Conclussion
• RessilienceCommunity,disasterpreparedness,arenotachieved
• Inappropriatepolicyworsenthesituation
• Replicationofbestpracticesstillneedadjustment,reanalysisfor eachsituation,putlocal
resources,obstacles, etc.intoconsideration
• Newstrategyfor emergencyresponseisstronglyneeded
• “BuildBackBetter”principleisamusttoreducethelost duetonexthazard