PHYSICS URVASHI

1. RAI SAHAB BHANWAR SINGH COLLEGE
(NASRULLGANJ)
NAME :- URVASHI GUPTA
CLASS :- B.S.C.(plain) 3rd SEM.
SUBJECT :- PHYSICS C.C.E WORK
SUBMITTD TO SUBMITTED BY
Mr.GYAN RAO DHOTE SIR URVASHI GUPTA

2. laf[;dh ;kaf=aadhdss vk/kkj
ij vkbalVhu xq.kkadks A
vkSSj B esa lac/k :-

3. mRrsftr mtkzzzZ voLFkk esa ijek.kqvks dh la[;k esa ifjoZru rhu fdz;kvkss
ds QLOk#i gSA ;fnewy mtkZvoLzFkk 1 eSa ijek.kqvkS dh la[;k N1
mRrsftr
mtkZvoLzFkk 2 es ijek.kqvkS dh la[;k N2rFkk ckg~; okrkoj.k esa
vko`fr u12 ( mlQkSVkWu dhvko`fr tks ijek.kqds mtkZvoLzFkk 2
lS mtkZvoLzFkk 1 esa Lor% lad`e.kds QGLOk#i mRlftZrgkSrk gS )
ds laxr mifLFkrfofdj.k?kuRo u12 gs rk
Lor% mRlzZtudh nj ra = A12N2
mn~nhfirmRlzZtudh nj rb = B12N2u12
rFkk vo’kks .k dh nj rc = B12N1u12 ........ (1)
;gk¡ A12o B12 Ñe’k% vkbalVhu dS Lor% mRlzZturFkk vo’kks .k ;k
mn~nhfirmRlzZtudS xq.kkaddgykrs gsz A vc mRrsftrmtkZvoLzFkk
es ijek.kqvkS dh la[;k esa dqy ifjoZrudh njLor% mRlzZtudh nj
mn~nhfirmRlzZtudh njrFkk vo’kks .k dh njdS ;kSx dS cjkcj gkSuh
pkfg,A

4. • r= ra + rb + rc
or r= -A12N2-B12N2u12 + B12N1u12.........(2)
(;gk¡ +_.kkRedfpUg mRrSftr ÅtkZvoLFkk esa ijek.kqvkSdh la[;k eS deh rFkk
/kukRed fpUg mRrSftr ÅtkZ voLFkk esaijek.kqvkS dh la[;keS o`f) O;Dr djrk gS
A lkE;koLFkkeSa mRrSftr ÅtkZvoLFkk esa ijek.kqvkSdh la[;k eSa ifjoZru dh nj
’kwU; gkSuh pkfg, vFkkZr r=0 ;k -
A12N2-B12N2u12 + B12N1u12 =0
B12N1u12 =(B12u12 + A12)N2......... (3)
vc ckSYV~teSu lkaf[;dh; fu;e ls ije rki T ijN2=N1e12
-hu/KT
lehdj.k 3 ls B12N1u12 =(B12u12 + A12) N1 e12
-hu/KT
B12 u12 e12
-hu/KT= B12u12 + A12
B12 u12 (e12
-hu/KT -1)=
A12/ B12 = u12 (e12
-hu/KT -1)= ------------(4)

5. pwafd Iykad dS Dok.Ve fl)kardS vuqlkjvko`fr µ12 dS laxrÅtkZ |uRo
1. u12 = 8¶ hµ12 ³/c³ ( 1/e-hu/kT 12 -1)
lehdj.k 4 lSA12/B12 = 8¶ hµ12³/C³.........(5)
mi;qZDr lehdj.k 5 vkbUlVhu ds xq.kkadkSA o B eSa lac/k crkrk gS
1 ewy rFkk mRrSftr voLFkkvks eSa ÅtkZvarj c<us ijD;ksafd (E12-E1=hµ12)
Lor% mRltZu dh njrsth ls c< tkrh gS D;ksafd ( A12/B12)œµ12³
２．mn~nhfir mRltZu dh nj’kwU; laÒo ugha gSAoS++ fud vkbUlVhu us lu~
1917 esagh mn~nhfir mRlzztZu ?kVukds laÒo gksusdh Òfo’; ok.kh dj nh
Fkh ysfdu os fud VkmUl rFkk ’kkyksus lu~ 1957 esa blsysljds fy, mi;ksx esa
yk;krFkk lu~ 1960 esaoss fud eSeu us bldk mi;ksxdjds ysljL+=ksrdk fuekZ.k
fd;k A

6. mn~nhfirmRltZurFkkvo’kks’k.k dk xq.zkkad= u12 ,d gh gs Avr%
mn~nhfirmRltZudh O;qRd`e vo’kks’k.k Hkh dgrs gs A
THANK YOU