The human female reproductive system consists of primary and secondary sex organs, external genitalia, and mammary glands. The primary sex organs are the ovaries, which produce eggs and hormones. The secondary sex organs include the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina which make up the duct system. The external genitalia include the mons pubis, labia, clitoris and hymen. The mammary glands are also part of the female reproductive system and produce milk during lactation.

1. HUMAN FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

2. Human female reproductive system consist
of :
(a) The primary sex organ-A pair of
ovaries
(b) The secondary sex organ-The duct
system consist of fallopian tubes, a
uterus, cervix and vagina.
(c) The External genitalia.
(d) Mammary glands.

3. OVARIES
 Ovaries are the primary sex organs that produce the female
gametes-called ova and secrete the sex hormone.
 The ovaries are located in the abdominal cavity one on each side
near Kidney.
 It is attached to the pelvic wall and uterus by ligaments.
 The ovary is covered by a thin epithelium which encloses the
ovarian stroma.
 The stroma is divided into two regions: (a) a peripheral cortex and
(b) an inner medulla
 The ovarian follicles are found in various stages of development in
the cortex.

5. Click at the centre of the slide…

6. THE DUCT SYSTEM
1.Fallopian tube
 A Fallopian tube extends from the periphery of each ovary
to the uterus; it is muscular of about 10-12cm long
situated above and behind the urinary bladder.
 The part of fallopian tube closer to the ovary is funnel-
shaped and is called infundibulum.
 The edges of the infundibulum posses finger-like
projection called fimbriae which help in collecting the
ovum during ovulation.
 The infundibulum leads into a wider part of the fallopian
tube called ampulla.
 The last part of the fallopian tube joins the uterus is
narrow and it is called isthmus.

7. 2. Uterus
 It is an inverted pear-shaped muscular structure, attached to
the pelvic wall and supported by ligaments.
 The wall of the uterus has three layers of tissues :
 The outermost layer is the thin membranous Perimetrium.
 The middle thick layer of smooth muscles is called
myometrium.
 The innermost glandular layer is called Endometrium, which
lines the uterine cavity.
 The contractions of the smooth muscles of the myometrium
are responsible for the expulsion of the baby during
parturition
 The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes during
menstrual cycle.
 The uterus opens into the vagina through a narrow cervix

8. 3. Vagina
 It is muscular tube like structure thst opens
to the outside.
 The vagina is partially covered by a
membrane called hymen.
 The cervix and the vagina together
constitute the birth canal.
 The function of vagina are to
 Receive the male gametes.
 Serve as the birth canal during parturition.

9. EXTERNAL GENITALIA
 The female external genitalia include:
(a) Mon pubis (b) Labia majora (c)Labia minora (d) clitoris (e) Hymen
 Mon pubis is a cushion like fatty tissue covered by skin and
pubic hair.
 It extends down as pair of fleshy folds of tissue under the
labia majora; it surrounds the vaginal opening.
 The labia minora encloses a space postereiorly called
vestibulum and anteriorly unite and form a conical projection,
called clitoris, above the urethral opening.
 Hymen is the membrane that partially covers the vaginal
opening, it becomes ruptured due to vigorous physical
activities or during the first coitus

11. MAMMARY GLANDS
 A human female has pair of functional mammary
glands that consist of glandular tissue and variable
quantity of fat.
 The glandular tissue is divided into 15-20 mammary
lobes ; each lobe contains cluster of cells called
alveoli, which opens into mammary tubules.
 The mammary tubules of each lobe join to form a
mammary duct.
 Several mammary ducts join to form a wider
mammary ampulla that is connected to lactiferous
duct, through which milk comes out.
 The milk is actually secreted by the cells of alveoli
and is stored in the lumen of alveoli.

12. MAMMARY GLAND