6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland

1. ROLE OF WOMEN IN ENERGY CONSERVATION:
EXPLORING LINK BETWEEN ENERGY CONSERVATION
AND WOMEN ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
Dr. Musarrat Jabeen, National Defense
University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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2. Introduction
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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 Energy is the foundation of economic development
of any country….! Tom Allen
 Concept of Energy conservation

3. Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
3
Energy
conservation
Being energy
conservative is simply
about having the
knowledge to know
where you are wasting
energy and the simple
steps that need to be
taken to prevent waste.
Economic
Empowerment
To make and act
upon economic
decisions.
Women Economic
empowerment
“Both the ability to
succeed and
advance
economically and
the power to make
and act on economic
decisions.”
(Salinee 2012)

4. Problem Statement
Whereas extant literature provides insights in issues pertaining to energy
shortage, its political aspects, demand and supply gap, environmental
impacts of energy consumption, affordability and availability of energy
etc., however, literature is scarce on focus of energy conservation efforts
directed at household level. In Pakistani context, women have a prominent
role in household affairs but with a lagging degree of financial autonomy.
Literature provides a grey area in respect of women’s role in energy
conservation at household level with and without financial freedom. This
study aims to address this important question.
• How to make women economic empowerment counted for energy
conservation.?
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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5. Purpose of study
• The purpose of the study is to provide on-demand policy,
regulatory, and technical collaboration and support in the
advancement of energy efficiency and conservation frameworks,
projects, and public information campaigns to the federal and
provincial governments of Pakistan.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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6. Objectives
1. To explore the link between energy conservation and women economic
empowerment in contact to (non working) women delegate
households.
2. To assess the Energy Conservation Behavioral Patterns in women (non-
working) delegate households with and without the economic
empowerment.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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7. Research Design
• The study measures the mediating variable
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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(IV) Social
construct in
contact to
energy utility
(DV) Energy
conservation
(Mediating
variable)
Women
economic
empowerment

8. Research Methodology
• Methods of data collection: The scheme of this study tries to assess the behavioral patterns without economic
empowerment and with economic empowerment in contact to energy utility.
• The research design consists of two activities:
1. Delphi focused analysis
 Delphi focused analysis are presented by finding and describing the link between energy conservation and women economic
empowerment through structured interviews
2. Delphi exploratory questionnaire
 The questionnaire is designed specific to energy conservation behavioral patterns by using Delphi exploratory.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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9. Characteristics of the study
1. Exploratory
2. Cross sectional
3. Mixed method/Delphi focused (qualitative), Delphi exploratory
(quantitative)
4. Sustainable consumption (addition in literature)
5. Demand management (addition in literature)
6. Conservation framework (support to policy making)
7. Civil society for energy conservation (impact on society)
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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10. Specific argument of study
The enhanced level of women economic empowerment
may promote energy care in the society for sustainable
consumption.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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11. Delphi Results: Round one
1. Can there be a link between energy conservation and women
economic empowerment?
There exists a link between energy conservation and women
economic empowerment. A women with the decision power in
contact to finances will utilize the energy more economically than
the other women without this power. Also a women with control in
running house expenditures will try to limit expenditures through
economic utilization of energy by making the others to do the
same.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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12. Delphi Results: Round two
2. How much is the possibility to practice the link between
energy conservation and women economic empowerment?
Women can be empowered through trust and involvement and
in domestic management of resources in terms of finances and
hence results in abstention or efficient utilization of energy
resources.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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13. Delphi Results: Round three
3. How much can be the intensity to practice the link between
energy conservation and women economic empowerment?
Electronic and print media, seminars and workshops, and
curriculum revision at undergraduate level can be used to
realize and gain the benefits of link between energy
conservation and women economic. It can be practiced at
household, commune, and policy level through law.
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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14. Categories of respondents
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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1 2
Women economically
empowered without
earning
Women economically
not empowered without
earning

15. Women eceonomically empowered without earning
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Thinking to help the society by
conserving energy +
2b.Thinking to help the future
generations by conserving the
energy +
Personal response to energy
crises of Pakistan by Reducing
energy use+
50 percent dependency on
energy in daily life+
Not Satisfied with incurring
energy billing+
percentage
Drivers for Energy Conservation
positive response negative response
women eceonomically empowered without earmning
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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16. Women eceonomically not empowered without earning
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Thinking to help the society by
conserving energy +
Thinking to help the future
generations by conserving the
energy +
Personal response to energy
crises of Pakistan by Reducing
energy use+
50 percent dependency on
energy in daily life+
Not Satisfied with incurring
energy billing+
percentage
Drivers for Energy Conservation
positive response negative response
women eceonomically not empowered without earmning

17. Women eceonomically empowered without
earning
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Most of the time opt for
warm clothing+
Most of the time harvest
natural light/energy+
Most of the time spend
money for energy efficient
appliances+
Most of the time prefer
energy efficient appliances+
Most of the time switch off
the appliances +
percentage
Activities for Energy Conservation
positive response negative response
women eceonomically empowered without earmning

18. Women eceonomically not empowered without
earning
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
Most of the time opt for
warm clothing+
Most of the time harvest
natural light/energy+
Most of the time spend
money for energy efficient
appliances+
Most of the time prefer
energy efficient appliances+
Most of the time switch off
the appliances +
percentage
Activities for Energy Conservation
positive response negative response
women eceonomically not empowered without earmning

19. Reference
• Natural resource Canada (2014) Energy conservation vs. energy efficiency [online] Available from:
http://www.nrcan.gc.ca/energy/efficiency/buildings/eeb/key/3969 [Accessed:15th January 2015].
• Resnik,D.B (2012) Environmental health ethics : Cambridge university press
• Birtwistle,D (2002), Energy, Society, and Climate seminar, Household energy uses and
conservation.
• Ministry of finance.(2014) The economic system [online] Available from:
http://www.finance.gov.pk/survey/chapters_14/Overview.pdf [Accessed:15th January 2015].
• Dincer,I.,zamfiresc,C. (2012) Sustainable energy system and application.
• Brady,B.,Ebbage,A.,Lunn,R (2013) Environmental management organization : The IEMA
handbook
• Thomas,M,K (2010) Women empowerment in south Asia. World renewable energy congress XI
[online] Available at: http://www.sari-
energy.org/PageFiles/What_We_Do/activities/SAWIE/wiser/Full_Paper_for_WREC.pdf
[Accessed: 16th January 2015 ]
Role of Women in Energy Conservation: Exploring link
between energy conservation and Women Economic
Empowerment
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