Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Bloom in Farming Fisheries of South Sea (Korea), Moonsoo SONG
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Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Bloom in Farming Fisheries of South Sea (Korea), Moonsoo SONG
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6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 Integrative Risk Management - Towards Resilient Cities. 28 August - 01 September 2016 in Davos, Switzerland
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Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Bloom in Farming Fisheries of South Sea (Korea), Moonsoo SONG
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Blooms in Farming Fisheries of South Sea(Korea) MOONSOO SONG, Interdisciplinary program in Crisis, Disaster and Risk Management, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea HONGSIK YUN, Civil, Architectural and Environmental Systems Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea TAEWOO KIM, Civil, Architectural and Environmental Systems Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea JAEJOON LEE, Interdisciplinary program in Crisis, Disaster and Risk Management, Sungkyunkwan University, Korea
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org CONTENTS • Background and Purpose - Background - Purpose • Materials and Data Processing - Materials and Data Processing - Flowchart for research planning • Conclusion and Discussion - Conclusion - Risk Assessment of Aquaculture Farms - Discussion
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE • The annual red tide events and damages are increasing – Red tides are increasing in domestic and overseas coasts recently – Studies on red tide detection and monitoring with remote sensing (Satellite) are required • Economic damage in the fisheries due to red tide – Every year a significant number of farmed fish die – Average damage from 1990 is 0.9 million dollar, 14% of the total fishery have died in 2013 • Lack of risk assessment studies on fisheries – Study of RISK reduction to aquaculture farms by Harmful Algal Blooms(HABs)
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org • Improve Reliability of HABs Monitoring – Download images every day through FTP server in real time – Accumulated Satellite images and Field Observation • Qualitative & Quantitative Risk assessment conducted – Risk assessment was conducted with the attribute data of aquaculture farms and the concentration of chlorophyll-a – To Minimize the damages of aquaculture farms from red tides – Handling of the risk and implementing necessary means to reduce either the likelihood of realization or the consequences of it FTP server Accumulated images Field observation BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Materials and Data Processing – GOCI(Geostationary Ocean Color Imager) image Captures 8 images every hour(9 am - 4 pm) in a day Spatial resolution is 500m X 500m – GOCI data is from KOSC(Korea Ocean Satellite Center) of KIOST(Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) – GDPS(GOCI Data Processing System) is the software for data processing GOCI Algae Monitoring System RGB images of South Korea (in GDPS) Target Area(Goheung, Jangheung, Wando) L2(Chlorophyll-a concentration) and ASCII(.txt file)
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Materials and Data Processing • GDPS(GOCI Data Processing System) Batch Processing Composite 3-bands Mask Divide Area GOCI Image
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Materials and Data Processing • Flowchart for research planning Download Images through FTP Server(KOSC) Data Decompression Process(L1B) Divide Target Area (in GDPS) L2 Data Processing (in GDPS) ASCII(*.txt) ArcGIS (ArcMap 10.1) CHL, CDOM, TSS concentration High probability of HABs occurrence Risk Assessment
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Qualitative Risk Assessment of Aquatic Farms Raster Calculation 3 2013.08.13 Fisheries/CHL-a Risk Matrix 1 2 CHL-a concentration index Risk index
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Qualitative Risk Assessment of Aquatic Farms • Risk Levels• Result of Risk Mapping Temporary Shelter Brass net Reddish Soil Bottom water pumping A (Very high) Frequent events causing very high losses / Moderate frequent events causing very high losses B (High) Frequent events with moderate losses / Moderate & low frequent events causing high losses C (Moderate) Frequent events with low losses / Very low frequent events causing high losses D (Low) Low frequency events with low losses
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Quantitative Risk Assessment of Aquatic Farms Mortality Amount according to Damage Mortality Amount (Hazard Intensity) Damage (Vulnerability) 28185 1 13088 0.870445 9570 0.465587 7557 0.340081 5268 0.198381 5675 0.178138 1638 0.042915 219 0.004858 1 0.870 0.4660.340 0.1980.178 0.0430.005 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 281851308895707557567552681638219 Damage Hazard Intensity = Number of death Vulnerability Curve HABs Damage Statistics (Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries)
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Quantitative Risk Assessment of Aquatic Farms RS = PT * V * M year RP PT M V Rs 2013 25 0.04 24.7 1 9.88 2007 8 0.12 11.5 0.465587 6.43 2012 5 0.2 4.4 0.178138 1.57 2004 2 0.5 1.2 0.004858 0.002915 RS (Specific risk) The expected losses in a given area and period of time PT (Temporal Probability) (Annual) Probability of occurrence of the scenarios V (Vulnerability) Physical vulnerability, specified as the degrees of damage M (Quantified Amount) Quantification of risk factors which is the monetary value 0.04 0.12 0.2 0.5 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 9.886.431.570 Probability Consequences Risk Curve RT=1.0631
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org DISCUSSION • Qualitative and Quantitative risk assessment was conducted to establish response and recovery plan and minimize the annual risk of aquaculture farms • Risk levels of each aquaculture farms through risk mapping • Combined with the vulnerability and probability information to generate risk curves with economic losses • Improvement of reliability of risk assessment with adding more risk elements • Classification of species in fishing farms according to vulnerability of HABs organisms
- 6th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC 2016 ‘Integrative Risk Management – Towards Resilient Cities‘ • 28 Aug – 1 Sept 2016 • Davos • Switzerland www.grforum.org Question Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Blooms in Farming Fisheries of South Sea(Korea) Keywords: Risk assessment, HAB, GOCI, Chlorophyll-a, GIS, Farming fisheries MOONSOO SONG songms0722@gmail.com
Hinweis der Redaktion
- 1. First, I am honored to present my research at this conference. I am a master's course student of Sungkyunkwan University in Korea. The title of my research is Risk Assessment and Mapping of Harmful Algal Blooms in Farming Fisheries of South Sea(Korea).
- 2. This is the contents of this presentation. First, background and purpose, second, materials and data processing, conclusion, in this part I’ll show you the qualitative and quantitative risk assessment of fisheries and finally, discussion.
- 3. Background of this research is Red tides are increasing in domestic and overseas coasts recently due to climate change such as sea surface temperature rise and abnormal climate change. and the economic damage in the fisheries due to red tide is quite large. A study of risk assessment on vulnerable fishing farms in the form of red tide phenomenon is not active in spite of these damages
- 4. The aim of this work is to improve reliability of HABs Monitoring by improving time resolution through FTP server in real time download and accumulated satellite images and field observation. and Qualitative and Quantitative Risk assessment were conducted. with the attribute data of aquaculture farms, the concentration of chlorophyll-a and the statistics of past damage data. and purpose of risk assessment is to minimize the damages of aquaculture farms from HABs and handling of the risk and implementing necessary means to reduce either the likelihood of realization or the consequences of it
- 5. next part is going to show you the materials and data processing of this research. GOCI captures 8 images in a day from 9 am to 4 pm local time. and Spatial resolution is 500meters by 500meters. GOCI data is from Korea Ocean Satellite Center of Korea institute of ocean science and technology. and GDPS stands for the GOCI data processing system. first picture is to show you satellite image of South Korea. this is made by combined 3 bands(red, green blue), and divide the target area and to distinguish land and ocean, coastline, masking was conducted. last picture is the chlorophyll-a concentration image out of the GDPS processing and the ASCII text file. There are x, y coordinate, longitude, latitude, and concentration information.
- 6. GDPS is the Level 2 ocean analysis data production system from GOCI Level 1B satellite data. GDPS can generate Water leaving radiance (Lw), chlorophyll (<chl>), Water current vector(WCV), and so on by its specific algorithms. These pictures are the some example of GDPS operating windows. batch processing makes the complicated works automatically, and second one composite 3-bands, and masking is to distinguish land, cloud and coastline, and last one can make you divide the target area that you want to research specifically.
- 7. this is the flowchart for the research planning. At the first step, download level 1 satellite images through FTP server from Korea Ocean Satellite Center. and decompress the images for data processing. and then, divide the target area to reduce the processing time. chlorophyll-a, chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) and total suspended solids(TSS) concentrations are extracted by GDPS processing. These are called level 2 data. and each level 2 data is converted to a form of text file. and finally risk assessment is conducted by using ArcMap.
- 8. This slide show you the qualitative risk assessment process. first one has three layers(land, fisheries, and concentration of chlorophyll-a) from ArcMap. green part is land. and the various figures are aquaculture farms. and red and green points present the chlorophyll-a concentration. the following figure shows an enlarged part of a target area. Point data representing a chlorophyll-a concentration, the figures representing Aquatic farms. The 6 species in fisheries are ranked and scored by the wholesale prices that provided by the Ministry of Ocean and Fisheries of Korea. abalone 6, oyster 5, fish 4, seaweed 3, kelp 3, laver2 . these are going to be the potential loss in the risk matrix. and for chlorophyll concentration, dividing the range of total concentration in steps of ten, and ranked and scored from one to ten. this is going to be the probability in risk matrix. afterwards, two data are rasterized by ArcMap and multiplied. this qualitative risk matrix is combined probability of the event with the potential losses.
- 9. this is the whole target area that qualitative risk assessment is completed. if high chlorophyll-a concentration and wholesale prices are combined, it will be the part of very high risk, red part A. Through this qualitative risk assessment, depending on the each risk level A, B, C, and D, response and recovery plans can be made. Four pictures below, these are some examples of prevention, response and recovery plans. first one is temporary shelter when the HABs occurred very seriously. there's a history, to evacuate the fisheries from the HABs to safe shelter, and prevent damages to 1.82 million farmed fish. and the third one called, Hwangto were used to remove HABs. hwangto is reddish soil consist of clay minerals and Fe-oxides. when the reddish soil is sprayed, cohesion between the soil and red tide organisms would be removed by precipitation due to the potential difference.. In case of using the chemicals, we can expect to remove HABs effectively. but the useful and helpful micro-organisms could be killed by the chemicals. so nowadays the way to deposit the HABs organisms by 황토 is used broadly in Korea. And the last one is to show you the picture of bottom water pumping. Lowering the vitality of red tide organisms by using a physical water flow prevents the access of red tide organisms.
- 10. and next, quantitative risk assessment of aquatic farms was conducted. First, this table shows the duration, economic losses, max density, number of death etc by the HABs From 1990(nineteen ninety) to 2015(two thousand fifteen). Second one shows the amount of death according to the economic damages in order of rankings. Each damage is transferred by the numerical value between 0 and 1. And this graph was made by the table of mortality amount according to damage.
- 11. Specific risk(RS) The expected losses in a given area and period of time (e.g. annual) for a specific set of elements-at-risk as a consequence of a specific hazard scenario with a specific return period PT is the temporal (e.g. annual) probability of occurrence of a specific hazard scenario(Hs) with a given return period in an area; V is the physical vulnerability, specified as the degrees of damage to ES given the local intensity caused due to the occurrence of hazard scenario HS. It is expressed on a scale from 0 (no damage) to 1 (total loss) M is the quantification of the specific type of element at risk evaluated. It is important to indicate here that the amount can be quantified in different ways, and that the way in which the amount is quantified also the risk is quantified. The elements at risk can be quantified in economic terms. And you can see the equation below the table, In order to calculate the specific risk, this equation should be used. Once the risk curve have been calculated, the total annual risk is the total area under the risk curve.
- 12. Qualitative and Quantitative risk assessment was conducted to establish response and recovery plan and minimize the annual risk of aquaculture farms by using the GOCI images and the fisheries and maritime environmental statistics. And Risk levels of each aquaculture farms are settled through the risk mapping process. Combined with the vulnerability and probability information to generate risk curves with economic losses And adding more detailed attribute data (like specific area of the damaged aquatic farms in the red tide, and the farming species) of risk elements to improve the reliability of risk assessment and the damage scale by identifying The annual red tide events and damages of South Korea were analyzed through the spatial information constructed by accumulating the red tide monitoring data using the GOCI images and the fisheries and maritime environmental statistics provided.
- Thank you for your attention Do you have any question?