The time is right for a nonprofit mission to eradicate poverty in the U.S. Escalating poverty is a concern for all and impacts nonprofits serving all purposes, from arts to environment to human services. What are the root causes and what can be done? The UK has committed to zero poverty by 2020. What are they doing to get there and how can we adopt this goal in Southwestern PA? Examine the bold policies set in the U.K. to eradicate poverty by 2020 and learn about other local initiatives that are helping to build the movement.

1. Zero Poverty by 2020 Learn How it’s Done 10:00am – 11:15am Facilitator: Jordana Stephens, Eden Hall Foundation Speakers:Natalie Branosky, Center for Economic & Social Inclusion / Vic Papale, Southwestern PA Food Security Partnership / Bobbi Watt-Geer, United Way of Westmoreland County

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3. The UK’s Poverty Target: Something for Everyone Natalie Branosky Director Centre for Economic & Social Inclusion Washington DC

4. The Target and Milestones Announced by PM Tony Blair in March 1999: …by one quarter by 2004-05 …by half by 2010 …and eradicate it by 2020 “Our historic aim, that ours is the first generation to end child poverty forever. It’s a 20-year mission, but I believe it can be done.”

5. Child Poverty: progress to date

6. Turning a Target into Legislation “It is right to cement in legislation a commitment to ensure that unjust inequalities are ended and that everyone has the opportunity to succeed in life.” UK Secretary of State for Children, Schools & Families Chief Secretary of the Treasury UK Secretary of State for Work and Pensions

7. The purpose of legislation Measure success in eradicating child poverty Set a vision and drive progress towards 2020 Establish an accountability framework Initiate local action to tackle child poverty Ensure a UK wide approach It ensures that everyone plays their part – “child poverty is everybody’s business.”

8. The vision for eradicating child poverty by 2020 Working families should see a clear path out of poverty Life chances: Every child, whatever their background can achieve the five ECM outcomes Income Outcomes Those who can’t work receive the practical and financial support they need to lift them out of poverty Communities: Families live in safe, cohesive and prosperous communities where children can thrive

9. To achieve it requires a broad strategy It requires national, regional and local action: services are key to ensuring the ‘building blocks’ are a reality for all families in their area. But it is NOT just about income poverty.

10. Child poverty is everybody’s business Local businesses Police officer Youth worker Hospitals Tax attorney schools Enviro planners workforce housing neighborhoods

11. Southwestern Pennsylvania Food Security Partnership/Closing the Hunger Gap Allegheny, Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Cambria, Fayette, Greene, Indiana, Lawrence, Somerset, Washington, Westmoreland

12. THE VICIOUS CIRCLE 370,000 people hungry Poverty/Hunger/ Health/Education

13. A Brief History of Hunger and Food Assistance in the United States Pre-Civil War Poverty and hunger realities in countryside and in budding cities Responses: Individual charity Faith-based charity Local “Poor Districts” – from the English Poor Laws models Post-Civil War Poverty still widespread – taking on the particular features of the industrial revolution and the disparities of the Gilded Age Periodic “panics” (i.e., recessions and depressions) Coxey’s Army – 1894 and 1914 Responses: Private, faith-based and Poor Districts continue New on the Scene – Settlement Houses The Great Depression “One-third of a nation ill-housed, ill-clothed and ill-fed” – FDR Responses: Long lines at soup kitchens, settlement houses, etc. Grain purchases to help farmers – Hoover Distribute wheat to feed the hungry – Congress Surplus commodity procurement and distribution – FDR May 16, 1939 – Food Stamps Orange stamps – for sale Blue stamps – 50 cents worth for every orange stamp purchased

14. Post-New Deal Apparent abundance during WWII – full employment and a massive armed services employing “everyone” Responses: 1943 – Food Stamp program terminated – for lack of need 1946 – School lunch program begins after Truman reads study revealing many men failed to be drafted during the war due to malnutrition experienced during childhood Early 1950’s – Meals on Wheels started in a Philadelphia, PA Settlement House (the Lighthouse) after learning how the English responded to shut ins and homeless during the Blitz 1959 – Food Stamp program revised by Congress, but not implemented by Eisenhower Administration Michael Harrington, “The Other America” 1961 – Kennedy Administration implements the Food Stamp Program in response to what he saw in West Virginia in the 1960 campaign and in response to Harrington 1964 – Food Stamp Act – made the program permanent 1965-68 – Robert Kennedy witnesses starvation in the South M. L. King & Ralph Abernathy organize the Poor People’s March 1968 – Summer Food Program 1973 – beginning of the end of the post-WW II U. S. economic domination 1974 – WIC 1977 – Food Stamp purchasing requirement ended Jan. 1, 1979 – took effect End of 1979 – 20 million Food Stamp participants 1980 – 2011 Deindustrialization; “stagflation;” booms and busts; homelessness and hunger; growing awareness of nutrition issues and values Responses: Programs grow and modernize (credit cards replace stamps) Food banks organize, respond to growing need; adopt various efficiencies and nutrition standards The Challenge Ahead?

19. FOOD SECURITY Food security is a term used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to describe the situation when the food intake of one or more members of a household is reduced and eating patterns are disrupted because the household lacks money and other resources for food. National Center for Children in Poverty, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University"

20. FOOD INSECURITY Unable at times during the year to put adequate food on the table HUNGER The physical and mental reactions that can accompany a lack of sufficient food.

22. The highest % of obese children are from low-income familiesPennsylvania’s obesity rates are higher than those in 36 other states and the District of Columbia: “the state has many lower socioeconomic communities, where there is a lack of healthy foods available and a lack of opportunities to be physically active.”* *Grace Patuwo, “Battle for Health,” — Pittsburgh Post-Gazette, August, 4, 2010

24. Low Educational Achievement

25. Poor Job and Lifetime Prospects

26. Poor General health

27. Food insecure children

28. 2 X more likely to require special education

29. 2 X more school suspensions

30. 1.6 X more school absences

31. 1.4 times more likely to repeat a grade**(Dr. Larry Brown, Harvard School of Public Health)

33. Loss of income/self-sufficiency

35. Negative health outcomes

37. 5 STEPS TO CUT HUNGER IN THE REGION IN HALF IN 5 YEARS Increase Access To And Utilization Of Existing Food Assistance Programs Build Broad Community Engagement To Close The Hunger Gap Advocate For Strong Public Policies Social Service Agency Cooperation To Address Larger Issues Of Poverty Ensure More Efficient Administration Of Systems And Resources

39. Government Provided

40. Provided By Charitable And Public-private Partnerships

41. We could cut that in half in five years with the following increments:

42. 6.5% In Self-provided

43. 12% In Government-provided

45. Origin of M3 Status of Women in Westmoreland County Research Project (2008) Poverty Pay Equity Leadership Health & Well-being Violence

46. Face of Poverty: Westmoreland County, PA Disproportionately female (13.3% women in poverty, 7.7% men). Particularly female-headed households with children under 18 years of age. 48% of Westmoreland County FHH lived in poverty in 2009.

47. Family Median Income in Westmoreland County: 2006 & 2009

48. More About Female Headed Households Living in Poverty FHH living in poverty is Up! From 2006-2009 the percentage of FHH living in poverty has risen from 41 to 48%in Westmoreland. 7,500 FHH living in poverty in our community. Median Income for FHH was $19,499 in 2009. Overall Poverty for Westmoreland County Women – Up! 3000 22,243 females of all ages which has gone up by 3,000 women since the original study.

49. Another Reason to Care:Violence & Poverty 2x 2x

50. Local Strategies Awareness & Education Mothers Making More - M3 Supporting Financial Stability efforts of United Way partners Circles Volunteer Income Tax Assistance: engaging volunteers and corporate partners Safety net service support

51. Mothers Making More: M3 Joining forces to improve long-term financial stability for female-headed households Partners: Excela HealthSeton Hill UniversityUnited Way of Westmoreland CountyWestmoreland Community ActionWestmoreland County Community College Westmoreland-Fayette Workforce Investment Board

52. M3 Pilot Phase Employees Career Ladders Learning Specifications Financial Education Case Management M3 Tuition BooksCurriculum Grant Funding Special Needs Career Ladder Support Books and Resources Coordination

53. M3: Next Steps Expand recruitment, inviting mothers who use Head Start services Involve other corporate partners Expand education institution partners Support enrollees Evaluate outcomes

54. Mothers Making More • M3 www.unitedway4u.org http://unitedway4u.org/media/StatusWomenReportFINAL.pdf

55. Thank you from the Greater Pittsburgh Nonprofit Partnership!

56. Workshop Evaluation Text “Zero” to 57682 with your answers to the following questions: Please rate the overall value of this workshop E – Excellent G – Good P – Poor F – Fair Did you learn anything that you will apply at your own organization? Y – Yes N - No Please text other comments and feedback. Submit by hitting “send!” You will receive an auto-reply from the GPNP. Sample text: “Zero E Y This is a serious issue that my organization is also working on and we’re ready to contribute to the larger effort.”